| variable | 1980-1989 | 1990-1999 | 2000-2007 | 2008-2009 | 2010-2019 | 2022 | 2023 | 2024 | 2025 | 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| real gdp growth | 2.22 | 2.68 | 1.44 | -1.7 | 1.41 | 0.6 | 3.5 | 2.9 | 2.0 | 1.6 |
| CPI % | 5.92 | 1.94 | 2.06 | 1.65 | 0.88 | 3.4 | 1.3 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.2 |
| Unemployment rate | 6.71 | 6.63 | 4.38 | 5.45 | 4.8 | 2.8 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 2.9 |
| Debt/GDP % | - | 66.18 | 41.55 | 44.55 | 44.37 | 33.0 | 30.5 | 27.5 | 27.4 | 27.8 |
| Current account balance/GDP % | -2.55 | 1.78 | 3.25 | 5.0 | 7.15 | 11.0 | 12.2 | 12.5 | 12.3 | 11.5 |
Data derived from World Economic Outlook Database. To see main macroeconomic indicator in graphs click here
Once the seat of Viking raiders and later a major north European power, Denmark has evolved into a modern, prosperous nation that is part of the general political and economic integration of Europe. It joined NATO in 1949 and the EEC (now the EU) in 1973. The country has opted out of certain elements of the EU's Maastricht Treaty, including the European Economic and Monetary Union and justice and home affairs issues. a 2022 referendum resulted in the removal of Denmark's 30-year opt-out on defense issues, now allowing Denmark to participate fully in the EU's Common Security and Defense Policy.
Area: 43,094 sq km km2
Climate: temperate; humid and overcast; mild, windy winters and cool summers
Natural resources: petroleum, natural gas, fish, arable land, salt, limestone, chalk, stone, gravel and sand
Groups: Danish (includes Greenlandic (who are predominantly Inuit) and Faroese) 84.2%, Turkish 1.1%, other 14.7% (largest groups are Polish, Romanian, Syrian, Ukrainian, German, and Iraqi) (2023 est.)
Languages: Danish, Faroese, Greenlandic (an Inuit dialect), German (small minority); note - English is the predominant second language
Religions: Evangelical Lutheran (official) 71.4%, Muslim 4.3%, other/none/unspecified (denominations include Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witness, Serbian Orthodox Christian, Jewish, Baptist, Buddhist, Church of Jesus Christ, Pentecostal, and nondenominational Christian) 24.3% (2024 est.)
Capital: Copenhagen
Government type: parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Chief of state: King FREDERIK X (since 14 January 2024)
Head of government: Prime Minister Mette FREDERIKSEN (since 27 June 2019)
Description: Parliament (Folketinget) - unicameral
high-income, EU-member, trade-oriented Nordic economy; growth driven by pharmaceuticals, energy, and services; large share of employment in public sector; fixed exchange rate pegged to euro; strong fiscal position and declining public debt; tight labor market mitigated by migrant workers and higher retirement age
wind turbines, pharmaceuticals, medical equipment, shipbuilding and refurbishment, iron, steel, nonferrous metals, chemicals, food processing, machinery and transportation equipment, textiles and clothing, electronics, construction, furniture and other wood products
GDP by sector: Agriculture: 0.7% (2024 est.), Industry: 24% (2024 est.), Services: 64% (2024 est.)
Export partners: Germany 13%, USA 10%, Sweden 9%, Netherlands 7%, China 5% (2023)
Export commodities: packaged medicine, fish, vaccines, refined petroleum, pork (2023)
Import partners: Germany 18%, Sweden 11%, Norway 10%, Netherlands 9%, China 7% (2023)
Import commodities: natural gas, cars, garments, packaged medicine, refined petroleum (2023)
Northern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, on a peninsula north of Germany (Jutland); also includes several major islands (Sjaelland, Fyn, and Bornholm)
Military expenditure: 2025: 3.2% of GDP (2025 est.)
Information derived from worldfactbook.io (Lupon Media), open successor to the CIA World Factbook. Data sourced from World Bank, IMF, UN and other international organizations.