Data at glance of El Salvador - average on period

variable 1980-1989 1990-1999 2000-2007 2008-2009 2010-2019 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
real gdp growth 0.18 3.36 2.0 0.0 1.46 3.5 2.6 3.7 3.3 3.0
CPI % 19.61 8.43 4.1 0.85 1.04 4.0 0.9 0.3 2.5 2.0
Unemployment rate 9.77 8.02 6.74 7.25 6.74 5.2 4.7 4.2 4.3 4.4
Debt/GDP % - 30.97 47.46 66.3 75.32 85.0 87.4 87.2 84.5 82.2
Current account balance/GDP % -0.36 -1.88 -4.89 -2.35 -3.36 -1.1 -1.8 -3.9 -3.3 -1.9

Data derived from World Economic Outlook Database. To see main macroeconomic indicator in graphs click here

History

El Salvador achieved independence from Spain in 1821 and from the Central American Federation in 1839. A 12-year civil war, which cost about 75,000 lives, was brought to a close in 1992 when the government and leftist rebels signed a treaty that provided for military and political reforms. El Salvador is beset by one of the world's highest homicide rates and pervasive criminal gangs.

Environment

Area: 21,041 sq km km2

Climate: tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season (November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands

Natural resources: hydropower, geothermal power, petroleum, arable land

Ethnic characteristics

Groups: Mestizo 86.3%, White 12.7%, Indigenous 0.2% (includes Lenca, Kakawira, Nahua-Pipil), Black 0.1%, other 0.6% (2007 est.)

Languages: Spanish (official), Nawat (among some indigenous)

Religions: Roman Catholic 43.9%, Protestant 39.6% (Evangelical - unspecified 38.2%, Evangelical - Methodist 1.3%, Evangelical - Baptist 0.1%), none 16.3%, unspecified 0.2% (2023 est.)

Government

Capital: San Salvador

Government type: presidential republic

Executive branch

Chief of state: President Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (since 1 June 2019)

Head of government: President Nayib Armando BUKELE Ortez (since 1 June 2019)

Legislative branch

Description: Legislative Assembly (Asamblea legislativa) - unicameral

Economic Overview

upper-middle-income, dollarized Central American economy; reliant on remittances from US; recent growth linked to infrastructure investment, consumption, and crime reduction; $1.3 billion IMF loan to address fiscal imbalances; Bitcoin adopted as legal tender; persistent poverty and large informal sector

Industries

food processing, beverages, petroleum, chemicals, fertilizer, textiles, furniture, light metals

GDP by sector: Agriculture: 4.4% (2024 est.), Industry: 22.4% (2024 est.), Services: 61% (2024 est.)

Trade

Export partners: USA 36%, Guatemala 17%, Honduras 15%, Nicaragua 8%, Costa Rica 5% (2023)

Export commodities: garments, plastic products, electrical capacitors, raw sugar, toilet paper (2023)

Import partners: USA 28%, China 15%, Guatemala 11%, Mexico 8%, Honduras 5% (2023)

Import commodities: refined petroleum, natural gas, garments, packaged medicine, plastics (2023)

Geography

Central America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras

Defence

Military expenditure: 2024: 1.2% of GDP (2024 est.)

Information derived from worldfactbook.io (Lupon Media), open successor to the CIA World Factbook. Data sourced from World Bank, IMF, UN and other international organizations.