Data at glance of Malta - average on period

variable 1980-1989 1990-1999 2000-2007 2008-2009 2010-2019 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026
real gdp growth - - 2.58 2.4 5.35 10.6 6.2 4.0 3.7 3.8
CPI % 2.31 3.14 2.52 1.9 1.49 5.6 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.4
Unemployment rate 9.0 5.69 6.95 6.85 5.15 3.5 3.2 3.0 3.0 3.0
Debt/GDP % - 59.7 66.54 65.5 54.3 46.8 46.0 46.8 47.3 47.5
Current account balance/GDP % - -3.73 -3.71 -5.45 8.03 6.5 7.1 5.7 5.8 5.2

Data derived from World Economic Outlook Database. To see main macroeconomic indicator in graphs click here

History

With a civilization that dates back thousands of years, Malta boasts some of the oldest megalithic sites in the world. Situated in the center of the Mediterranean, Malta’s islands have long served as a strategic military asset, with the islands at various times falling under the control of the Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Greeks, Romans, Byzantines, Moors, Normans, Sicilians, Spanish, Knights of St. John, and French. Most recently a British colony (since 1814), Malta gained its independence in 1964 and declared itself a republic 10 years later. While under British rule, the island staunchly supported the UK through both world wars. Since the mid-1980s, the island has transformed itself into a freight transshipment point, a financial center, and a tourist destination, as its key industries moved toward more service-oriented activities. Malta became an EU member in 2004 and joined the eurozone in 2008.

Environment

Area: 316 sq km km2

Climate: Mediterranean; mild, rainy winters; hot, dry summers

Natural resources: limestone, salt, arable land

Ethnic characteristics

Groups: Maltese (descendants of ancient Carthaginians and Phoenicians with strong elements of Italian and other Mediterranean stock)

Languages:

Religions: Roman Catholic (official) more than 90% (2006 est.)

Government

Capital: Valletta

Government type: parliamentary republic

Executive branch

Chief of state: President Myriam Spiteri DEBONO (since 4 April 2024)

Head of government: Prime Minister Robert ABELA (since 13 January 2020)

Legislative branch

Description: House of Representatives (Il-Kamra Tad-Deputati) - unicameral

Economic Overview

high-income, EU-member European economy; diversified portfolio; euro user; dependent on food and energy imports; strong tourism, trade, and manufacturing sectors; high North African immigration; large welfare system; educated workforce

Industries

tourism, electronics, ship building and repair, construction, food and beverages, pharmaceuticals, footwear, clothing, tobacco, aviation services, financial services, information technology services

GDP by sector: Agriculture: 0.2% (2024 est.), Industry: 11.4% (2024 est.), Services: 80.8% (2024 est.)

Trade

Export partners: Nigeria 28%, Germany 10%, China 6%, Singapore 5%, Hong Kong 4% (2023)

Export commodities: refined petroleum, integrated circuits, packaged medicine, ships, postage stamps/documents (2023)

Import partners: Italy 18%, China 10%, Germany 8%, France 7%, Turkey 7% (2023)

Import commodities: ships, refined petroleum, integrated circuits, aircraft, packaged medicine (2023)

Geography

Southern Europe, islands in the Mediterranean Sea, south of Sicily (Italy)

Defence

Military expenditure: 2024: 0.5% of GDP (2024 est.)

Information derived from worldfactbook.io (Lupon Media), open successor to the CIA World Factbook. Data sourced from World Bank, IMF, UN and other international organizations.