2
We use the terms “Crawford”, “the Company”,
“the Registrant”, “we”, “us” and
“our” to refer to the business of Crawford &
Company and its subsidiaries.
Cautionary
Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains and incorporates by reference
forward-looking statements within the meaning of that term in
the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995,
Section 27A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1933, and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Statements contained in this report that are not statements of
historical fact are forward-looking statements made pursuant to
the “safe harbor” provisions thereof. These statements
also relate to our business strategy, goals and expectations
concerning our market position, future operations, margins, case
volumes, profitability, contingencies, and capital resources.
The words “anticipate”, “believe”,
“could”, “would”, “should”,
“estimate”, “expect”, “intend”,
“may”, “plan”, “goal”,
“strategy”, “predict”, “project”,
“will” and similar terms and phrases identify
forward-looking statements in this report and in the documents
incorporated by reference in this report. These risks and
uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those described
in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and
elsewhere in this report and those described from time to time
in our reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Although we believe the assumptions upon which these
forward-looking statements are based are reasonable, any of
these assumptions could prove to be inaccurate and the
forward-looking statements based on these assumptions could be
incorrect. Our operations and the forward-looking statements
related to our operations involve risks and uncertainties, many
of which are outside our control, and any one of which, or a
combination of which, could materially affect our results of
operations and whether the forward-looking statements ultimately
prove to be correct. You should not place undue reliance on any
forward-looking statements. Actual results and trends in the
future may differ materially from those suggested or implied by
the forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements speak
only as of the date they are made and we undertake no obligation
to publicly update any of these forward-looking statements in
light of new information or future events.
Headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, Crawford & Company,
founded in 1941, is the world’s largest (based on annual
revenues) independent provider of claims management solutions to
insurance companies and self-insured entities, with a global
network of more than 700 locations in 63 countries. The Crawford
System of Claims
Solutionssm
offers comprehensive integrated claims services, business
process outsourcing and consulting services for major product
lines including property and casualty claims management,
warranty inspection, workers’ compensation claims and
medical management, and legal settlement administration,
including class action and bankruptcy administration, as well as
risk management information services.
DESCRIPTION
OF SERVICES
The Registrant has four operating segments:
U.S. Property & Casualty, which serves the
U.S. property and casualty insurance company and product
warranty and inspection markets; International Operations, which
serves the property and casualty insurance company markets
outside of the U.S.; Broadspire, which serves the
U.S. self-insurance marketplace; and Legal Settlement
Administration, which serves the securities, bankruptcy and
other legal settlements market.
Revenues and expenses from the Company’s subsidiaries
outside of the U.S., Canada and the Caribbean are reported and
consolidated on a two-month delayed basis in accordance with the
provisions of Accounting Standards Codification 810,
“Consolidation,” in order to provide sufficient time
for accumulation of their results and, accordingly, the
Registrant’s December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007
consolidated financial statements include the financial position
of such subsidiaries as of October 31, 2009, 2008, and
2007, respectively, and the results of those subsidiaries’
operations and cash flows for the
12-month
periods ended October 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007,
respectively.
In the normal course of the Registrant’s business, it
sometimes incurs certain
out-of-pocket
expenses that are reimbursed by its clients. Under
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
(“GAAP”), these
out-of-pocket
expenses and associated reimbursements are required to be
included when reporting revenues and expenses in the
Registrant’s consolidated statements of income. However,
because the amounts of reimbursed expenses and related revenues
offset each other in the accompanying consolidated statements of
income with no impact to net income, management does not
necessarily believe it is informative or beneficial to include
these amounts in revenues or expenses, respectively. In
addition, unless otherwise indicated, revenue amounts for each
of our operating segments described herein exclude
reimbursements for
out-of-pocket
expenses and expense amounts exclude reimbursed
out-of-pocket
expenses, income taxes, net corporate interest expense,
amortization of customer-relationship intangible assets, stock
option expense, certain other gains and expenses, and
unallocated corporate and shared costs.
The percentages of the Registrant’s total revenues before
reimbursements derived from each operating segment is shown in
the following schedule:
U.S. Property & Casualty
International Operations
Broadspire
Legal Settlement Administration
U.S. PROPERTY & CASUALTY. The
Registrant’s U.S. Property & Casualty
segment provides claims management services in the
U.S. mainly to insurance companies, which customarily
manage their own claims administration function, but often rely
upon third party service providers for the various services
which the
Registrant provides, primarily with respect to the field
investigation and evaluation of property and casualty insurance
claims.
Since its inception, quality has been a cornerstone of the
Company, and the Registrant’s current quality program is
integral to its operations. The Registrant approaches each claim
with significant importance, and strives to differentiate itself
by focusing on service quality, and quick and fair claims
resolution on all claims. To achieve its quality goals, the
Registrant has:
U.S. Property & Casualty services are provided through four
major service lines; Claims Field Operations, Catastrophe
Services. Technical Services and Contractor Connection.
Claims
Field Operations
Claims Field Operations is the largest service line of our
U.S. Property & Casualty segment. Services provided by
Claims Field Operations include property claims management,
casualty claims management, vehicle services and strategic
warranty services.
Property Claims Management Services — Property claims
management services are designed to service all types of losses.
Upon assignment, the Registrant assembles a team of claims
professionals, consultants, and project management specialists,
as needed, to evaluate and, if appropriate settle a claim, and
prevent further loss. The Registrant maintains an extensive
network of property and general adjusters in order to service
assignments efficiently, regardless of location. No matter which
service is contracted, the Registrant has designed its strict
service standards to deliver quality service on every
assignment. Property claims management services include:
Casualty Claims Management Services — The Registrant
has designed its casualty claims management services to resolve
claims quickly, regardless of the adjusting services required.
The Registrant provides a comprehensive menu of services ranging
from task assignment to investigation and claims resolution.
Casualty claims management services include:
Vehicle Services — Our vehicle services are a
comprehensive suite of services which can accommodate appraisal
needs ranging from private automobiles to tanker trucks or other
specialty equipment. These services include:
Strategic Warranty Services — The Registrant’s
Strategic Warranty Services division provides services to
manufacturers seeking to outsource all or a portion of their
warranty administration and inspection work. On January 1,
2008, the Registrant transferred this division to its
U.S. Property & Casualty segment from the Legal
Settlement Administration segment. While still performing
inspections for a number of building product class action
settlements, the division’s product offerings have been
expanded to include warranty services for manufacturers of other
products, including composite decking, doors, windows, vinyl
siding and trim. Inspections include a determination of the
extent and compensability of damage incurred primarily related
to product liability class action settlements.
Catastrophe
Services
A catastrophe, as defined by the insurance industry, is a
disaster that causes a certain dollar amount of damage,
generally set at $25 million in insured damage. Individual
insurance companies may have their own definitions, and may
declare a “catastrophe” based on the anticipated loss
to their policyholders in the impacted area. Our Catastrophe
Services line is an independent adjusting resource for insurance
claim management in response to natural or man-made disasters.
We have one of the largest trained and credentialed field forces
in the industry. Catastrophe Services utilizes a proprietary
response mechanism to ensure quick, effective management of each
and every event for our clients. In most cases of catastrophe,
an insurance company may want to set up special claims
processing centers, establish
24-hour
emergency hotlines and send additional, specially trained claims
adjusters to the catastrophe scene. These “catastrophe
teams” generally arrive as soon as possible and stay as
long as they are needed. In the aftermath of any catastrophic
event, policyholders and claimants expect fast, responsive
service. Catastrophe Services is uniquely equipped to handle the
increases in volume, complexity and the additional stress and
strain on the system of carrier infrastructure.
Technical
Services
Our Technical Services line is devoted to large, complex claims.
Our team of strategic loss managers and technical adjusters are
experts with specific experience and industry focus required to
evaluate and assess damages under extreme conditions. Our
technical adjusting staff function as strategic loss managers,
offering the security and confidence that every aspect of loss
management will be planned, organized and executed at required
levels of industry, technical and regulatory standards.
Contractor
Connection
Crawford Contractor
Connectionsm
is the largest independently managed contractor network in the
industry, with more than 3,000 residential and commercial
contractors in the U.S. and Canada. Contractor Connection
offers a cost-effective and worry-free solution for the
insurance and consumer industries. This innovative service
solution for high-frequency, low severity claims optimizes the
time and work process needed to resolve property claims while
giving the policyholder peace of mind. Contractor Connection
supports our broad business process outsourcing strategy by
providing outsourced contractor management to national and
regional insurance carriers. Contractor Connection is quality
focused and performance driven. All network contractors provide
a workmanship warranty for their work. The Contractor Connection
five point Quality Assurance Program uses performance management
tools to track timeline, efficiency and customer satisfaction,
to help deliver a consistent high level of customer satisfaction
aligned with the insurance carrier focus on policy holder
retention.
Insured
Risk Categories
The claims administration services offered by the
U.S. Property & Casualty segment are provided to
clients pursuant to a variety of different referral assignments
which generally are classified by the underlying insured risk
categories, or major types of loss, used by insurance companies.
These major risk categories are:
BROADSPIRE. Broadspire Services, Inc.
(“Broadspire”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the
Registrant, is a leading third-party administrator to employers
and insurance companies, offering a comprehensive integrated
platform of workers’ compensation and liability claims
management and medical management services. Through this
segment, the Registrant serves clients in the self-insured or
commercially insured market by providing them with a complete
range of claims and risk management services. In addition to
field investigation and claims evaluation, Broadspire also
offers initial loss reporting services, loss mitigation services
such as medical bill review, medical case management and
vocational rehabilitation, administration of trust funds
established to pay claims and risk management information
services. Broadspire’s services are provided through three
major service lines: Claims Management Services, Medical
Management Services and Risk Management Information Services.
Claims
Management Services
Worker’s Compensation and Liability Claim
Management — Broadspire offers a comprehensive,
integrated approach to workers’ compensation and liability
claims management. Its service model applies a standardized,
streamlined and strategic process designed to shorten claim
duration and reduce overall claim costs, while at the same time
helping to ensure that covered employees receive any medical or
related care they need to enable a healthy and prompt return to
work. By combining web-based advanced software with
strategic plans of action, Broadspire can quickly identify and
counteract issues that may otherwise delay claim closure. Claims
management includes:
In August 2009, Broadspire completed the first phase of the
implementation of RiskTech, a proprietary claims-management
system embedded with client instructions, jurisdictional rules
and regulations, and Broadspire’s service standards.
RiskTech is a rules-based system designed specifically to
control claims quality and consistency. Additional phases of
RiskTech are planned for implementation in 2010 and 2011.
Broadspire also provides
e-Triage®,
a proprietary web-based application that addresses core problems
such as inconsistency in claim practices and failure to identify
complex files early in the life of a claim. By using a
multi-tiered interview process backed by a database of research,
e-Triage
functions as a decision support system that helps claims and
medical professionals identify potential complications and
recommends actions for management of each individual claim.
Medical
Management Services
Medical Field Case Management — Broadspire’s case
managers proactively manage medical treatment while facilitating
understanding of, and participation in, the rehabilitation
process. These programs aim to help employees recover as quickly
as possible in the most cost-effective method. Medical
management offerings include:
Disability — Through its partnerships with leading
providers of disability administration, absence management and
integrated benefits delivery, Broadspire offers leave of
absence, FMLA/state leaves, short-term disability and long-term
disability administration programs.
Risk and Safety Consulting — Through its relationship
with a large, comprehensive loss control firm, Broadspire also
offers risk and safety services.
Risk
Management Information Services
The Registrant’s wholly owned subsidiary Risk Sciences
Group, Inc. (“RSG”), which reports through the
Broadspire segment, is a leading risk management information
systems (“RMIS”) software and services company with a
history of providing customized risk management solutions to
Fortune 1000 companies. RSG’s software is designed for
corporate risk managers to consolidate disparate property and
casualty claims data to allow them to more accurately analyze
and manage their losses and their risk to exposures. RSG’s
flagship product, Sigma Encore, is a suite of software
applications launched through the RSG portal and is web
accessible by users worldwide. Application components include
claims administration, exposures, first
notice of loss, policy and property management. Data
consolidation and validation services are core to every
solution. RSG consolidates data from multiple sources into a
single repository and applies proprietary data validation
routines. RSG markets these products and services nationally
through its sales force directly to corporations and indirectly
through its broker channel partners.
The claims administration services offered by the Broadspire
segment are provided to clients pursuant to similar underlying
insured risk categories as our U.S. Property &
Casualty segment. Major risk categories for the Broadspire
segment are:
INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONS. Substantially
all of the Registrant’s international revenues are derived
from the insurance company market in which it provides field
investigation and evaluation of property and casualty insurance
claims. The major elements of international claims management
services are substantially the same as those provided to
U.S. property and casualty insurance company clients by the
U.S. Property & Casualty segment. These services
are generally classified by the underlying risk categories, or
major types of loss, used by insurance companies. The major risk
categories and primary related services offered by the
Registrant are described below:
For a discussion of certain risks attendant to foreign
operations, See “Item 1A — Risk
Factors — A significant portion of our operations are
international. These international operations face political,
legal, operational, exchange rate and other risks not generally
present in U.S. operations, and which could negatively
affect those operations or our business as a whole.”
LEGAL SETTLEMENT ADMINISTRATION. The
Registrant provides legal settlement administration services
related to settlements of securities cases, product liability
cases, bankruptcy noticing and distribution, and other legal
settlements, by identifying and qualifying class members,
determining and dispensing settlement payments, and
administering the settlement funds. Such services are generally
referred to by the Registrant as class action services and are
performed by The Garden City Group, Inc. (“GCG”), a
wholly owned subsidiary of the Registrant. As of
December 31, 2009, GCG had more than 350 employees,
including attorneys on staff, in 11 offices throughout the
U.S. This diversity of employee base is designed to allow
GCG to target or broaden its efforts, as needed, to suit any
applicable situation. An executive team, including attorneys
with class action, bankruptcy and mass tort litigation
experience, guides each project initiative. Since 1984, GCG has
been focusing on diligently helping its clients bring their
toughest cases to timely, positive conclusions. GCG reinforces
its reputation with field-experienced, multi-disciplined and
technology-driven teams to support each case with appropriate
administrative services and resources. GCG offers:
Information Technologies — The cornerstone of
GCG’s success lies in its case-customizable proprietary
software. Engineered and maintained by GCG’s dedicated I.T.
team, GCG’s information management and claims settlement
processing technologies are designed to sustain the highest
level of data integrity in legal administration and claim
management. GCG deploys quality assurance tools and techniques
to check and balance its output, and its claims processing
systems allow for immediate access to case details at any level.
Additional financial information regarding each of the
Registrant’s segments and geographic areas, including the
information required by Item 101(b) of
Regulation S-K,
is included in Note 10, “Segment and Geographic
Information,” to the consolidated financial statements
included elsewhere herein.
MATERIAL
CUSTOMERS
For the year ended December 31, 2009, the Registrant did
not have consolidated sales to any single customer that exceeded
ten percent of total revenue before reimbursement. However, the
Registrant’s International Operations segment did derive in
excess of ten, but less than fifteen, percent of its revenue
from a single customer. The loss of this customer could have a
material adverse effect on the results of the International
Operations segment. During 2009, we were notified by a major
client of our Broadspire segment that the client did not intend
to renew its then existing contract with us upon the scheduled
expiration of that
contract in December 2009. For the year ended December 31,
2009, revenue related to that client totaled approximately 7.3%
of total segment revenues.
INTELLECTUAL
PROPERTY AND TRADEMARKS
While the Registrant’s intellectual property portfolio is
an important asset which it expands and protects globally
through a combination of trademarks, copyrights and trade
secrets, the Registrant does not believe its business as a
whole, or any particular segment, is materially dependent upon
any one particular trademark, copyright or trade secret. The
Registrant owns a number of active trademark applications and
registrations, which expire at various times. As the laws of
many countries do not protect intellectual property to the same
extent as the laws of the United States, the Registrant cannot
ensure that it will be able to adequately protect its
intellectual property assets outside of the United States.
SERVICE
DELIVERY
The Registrant’s claims management services are offered
primarily through its more than 350 locations throughout the
U.S. and approximately 350 locations in 62 other countries
throughout the rest of the world.
COMPETITION
The claims services markets, both in the U.S. and
internationally, are highly competitive and are comprised of a
large number of companies of varying size and offering a varying
scope of services. Within these service markets, the Registrant
competes primarily based on quality and scope of service
offerings, price and geographic location. Competitors include
large insurance companies and insurance brokerage firms which,
in addition to their primary services of insurance underwriting
or insurance brokerage, also often provide services such as
claims administration, healthcare and disability management, and
risk management information systems. Many of these companies are
larger than the Registrant in terms of annual revenues and total
assets, and may, at any time, be able to significantly expand
their resource allocation in order to more effectively compete
with the Company; however, based on experience in the market,
the Registrant believes that few, if any, of such organizations
derive revenues from independent claims administration
activities which equal the Registrant’s.
In addition to large insurance companies and insurance brokerage
firms, the Registrant competes with a great number of smaller
local and regional claims management services firms located
throughout the U.S. and internationally. Many of these
smaller firms have rate structures that are lower than the
Registrant’s or may, in certain markets, have local
knowledge which provides them a competitive advantage, but the
Registrant does not believe that they offer the broad spectrum
of claims management services in the range of locations the
Registrant provides and, although such firms may secure business
which has a local or regional source, the Registrant believes
its quality product offerings, broader scope of services, and
large number of geographically dispersed offices provide the
Registrant with an overall competitive advantage in securing
business from both U.S. and international clients. There
are also national independent companies that provide a similar
broad spectrum of claims management services and who directly
compete with the Registrant.
The legal settlement administration market is also highly
competitive but comprised of a smaller number of specialized
entities. The demand for these services is largely dependent on
the volume of securities and product liability class action
settlements, the volume of Chapter 11 bankruptcy filings
and the resulting settlements, and general economic conditions.
Unfavorable macro-economic events have slowed the pace of
overall activity in the class action services market.
EMPLOYEES
At December 31, 2009, the total number of full-time
equivalent employees was 8,852. The Registrant generally
considers its relations with its employees to be good. In
addition, the Registrant has available a significant number of
on-call employees, as and when the demand for services requires,
primarily as a result of catastrophic events. The Registrant,
through Crawford Educational Services, provides many of its
employees with formal classroom training in basic and advanced
skills relating to claims administration and healthcare
management services. Such training is generally provided at the
Registrant’s education facility in Atlanta, Georgia,
although much of the material is also available through
correspondence courses and the Internet. In many cases,
employees are required to complete these or other professional
courses in order to qualify for promotion from their existing
positions.
In addition to technical training through Crawford Educational
Services, the Registrant also provides ongoing professional
education for certain of its management personnel on general
management, marketing, and sales topics. These programs involve
both in-house and external resources.
BACKLOG
At December 31, 2009 and 2008, our Legal Settlement
Administration segment had a backlog of projects awarded
totaling $55.0 and $41.9 million, respectively. Additional
information regarding this backlog is contained in the
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations” of this Annual Report
on
Form 10-K
under the caption “Legal Settlement Administration.”
AVAILABLE
INFORMATION
The Registrant’s Annual Report on
Form 10-K,
Quarterly Reports on
Form 10-Q,
Current Reports on
Form 8-K
and amendments to reports filed pursuant to Section 13(a)
and 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 are available
free of charge as soon as reasonably practicable after these
reports are electronically filed or furnished to the Securities
and Exchange Commission on our website,
www.crawfordandcompany.com via a link to a third party website
with SEC filings. The information contained on, or hyperlinked
from, our website is not a part of, nor is it incorporated by
reference into, this Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
Copies of the Company’s annual report will also be made
available, free of charge, upon written request to Corporate
Secretary, Legal Department, Crawford & Company, 1001
Summit Boulevard, Atlanta, Georgia 30319.
You should carefully consider the risks described below,
together with the other information contained in this Annual
Report on
Form 10-K
and in our other filings with the SEC from time to time when
evaluating our business and prospects. Any of the events
discussed in the risk factors below may occur. If they do, our
business, results of operations or financial condition could be
materially adversely affected. Additional risks and
uncertainties not presently known to us, or that we currently
deem immaterial, may also impair our financial condition or
results of operations.
We
have experienced declines in the volume of cases referred to us
for many of our service lines and are unable to determine future
trends in case volumes. We depend on case volumes for our
revenues, and a continued decline will result in a reduction of
revenue.
We have experienced declines in the volume of cases referred to
us for many of our service lines associated with the property
and casualty and self-insurance insurance industry. Because we
depend on case volume for revenue streams, future reductions may
adversely impact our results of operation and financial
condition. We are unable to predict the future of this trend for
a number of reasons, including the following:
If our case volume referrals further decline for any of the
foregoing, or any other reason, our revenues would decline,
which could materially adversely affect our financial condition
and results of operations.
Our
U.S. and United Kingdom (“U.K.”) defined benefit
pension plans are significantly underfunded. Future funding
requirements, including those imposed by recent and potential
regulatory changes, could restrict cash available for our
operating, financing and investing requirements.
At the end of the most recent measurement periods for our
defined benefit pension plans, our projected benefit obligations
were underfunded by $216.3 million. The Pension Protection
Act of 2006 (the “Act”) (as amended by the Worker,
Retiree and Employer Recovery Act of 2008) will require us
to make substantial contributions to our frozen
U.S. defined benefit pension plan over the next eight years
in order for us to meet the “Funding Target Liability”
as defined in the Act. In addition, regulatory requirements in
the U.K. require us to make additional contributions to our
underfunded U.K. defined benefit pension plans. Continued
volatility in the capital markets may also have a further
negative impact on our U.S. and U.K. pension funds, which
may further increase the underfunded portion of our pension
plans and our attendant funding obligations. The required
contributions to our underfunded defined benefit pension plans
will reduce our liquidity, restrict available cash for our
operating, financing, and investing needs and may materially
adversely effect our financial condition.
While we intend to comply with our funding requirements through
the use of cash from operations, there can be no assurance that
we will generate enough cash to do so. Our inability to fund
these obligations through cash from operations could require us
to seek funding from other sources, including through borrowings
under our Credit Agreement, if available, or proceeds from any
debt or equity offerings. There can be no assurance that we
would be able to obtain any such external funding in amounts, at
times and on terms that we deem commercially reasonable, in
order for us to meet these obligations. Furthermore, any of the
foregoing could materially increase our outstanding debt or debt
service requirements, or dilute the value of the holdings of our
current shareholders, as the case may be. Our inability to
comply with any funding obligations in a timely manner could
materially adversely affect our financial condition.
Continued
effects from the recent global financial crisis, including
economic uncertainty, could further negatively affect our
business, results of operations, and financial
condition.
The recent global financial crisis has affected, among other
things, the banking system, financial markets, general economic
development, employment levels and, to a lesser extent, some of
our insurance company clients. The effects of this crisis have
significantly impacted our business, including resulting in
reduced claims volumes and revenues. There could be a number of
other follow-on effects from the financial crisis on our
business, including: insolvency of key clients; the inability of
our clients to obtain credit to pay us for the services that we
render; counterparty failures negatively impacting our and our
clients’ treasury operations; increased expense or
inability to obtain financing for our operations; and
requirements for us to further materially increase the periodic
expense and the funding obligations under our various defined
benefit pension plans. We cannot predict the further extent to
which any of the foregoing may impact our business, results of
operations or financial condition, although it may be material.
We
have debt covenants in our Credit Agreement that require us to
maintain compliance with certain financial ratios and other
requirements. If we are not able to maintain compliance with
these requirements, all of our outstanding debt could become
immediately due and payable.
We are party to a Credit Agreement, along with
Crawford & Company International, Inc., the lenders
party thereto and SunTrust Bank, as Issuing Bank and
Administrative Agent for the Lenders (the “Credit
Agreement”). The Credit Agreement contains customary
representations, warranties and covenants, including covenants
limiting liens, indebtedness, guaranties, mergers and
consolidations, substantial asset sales, investments and loans,
sale and leasebacks, restrictions on dividends and
distributions, and other fundamental changes. Additionally, the
Credit Agreement contains covenants requiring us to remain in
compliance with a maximum leverage ratio, a minimum fixed charge
coverage ratio and a minimum consolidated net worth. The
covenants become more restrictive in the future and, if we do
not maintain compliance with the covenant requirements, we will
be in default under the Credit Agreement. In such an event, the
lenders under the Credit Agreement would generally have the
right to declare all then-outstanding amounts thereunder
immediately due and payable. If we could not obtain a required
waiver on satisfactory terms, we could be required to
renegotiate the terms of the Credit Agreement or immediately
repay this indebtedness. Any such renegotiation could result in
less favorable terms, including additional fees, higher interest
rates and accelerated payments, and would necessitate
significant time and attention of management, which could divert
their focus from business operations. While we do not presently
expect to be in violation of any of these requirements, no
assurances can be given that we will be able to continue to
comply with the increasingly restrictive nature thereof. There
can be no assurance that our actual financial results will match
our projected results or that we will not violate such
covenants. Any failure to continue to comply with such
requirements could materially adversely affect our borrowing
ability and access to liquidity, and thus our overall financial
condition.
We are
subject to potential challenges relating to overtime pay and
other regulations that could affect our relationship with our
employees, and which could adversely affect our business,
financial conditions and results of operations.
We are subject to numerous federal, state and foreign employment
laws, and from time to time we face, and expect to continue to
face, claims by our employees and former employees under such
laws. In addition, we have become aware that a number of
employers are becoming subject to an increasing number of claims
involving alleged violations of wage and hour laws. The outcome
of these allegations is expected to be highly fact specific, and
there has been a substantial amount of recent legislative and
judicial activity pertaining to employment-related issues. We do
not know which, or how many, of these allegations will result in
litigation and we cannot predict the outcome of any such
litigation. Such claims or litigation involving us and any of
our current or former employees could divert our
management’s time and attention from our business
operations and could potentially result in substantial costs of
defense, settlement or other disposition, which could have a
material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial
position, and cash flows.
The
Broadspire segment currently operates on multiple claims
platforms. We have begun to consolidate the multiple claims
platforms into RiskTech, our proprietary claims platform. While
we expect to benefit from certain cost savings and other
synergies from migrating to this proprietary platform, no
assurances can be provided we will achieve any such
benefits.
Our Broadspire segment currently utilizes multiple claims
adjudication platforms for collection of client data. Broadspire
began the process of consolidating these platforms into the
RiskTech platform in November 2008. The achievement of
operational efficiencies, including reduced costs of maintaining
multiple claims platforms, depends upon the successful
integration of all claims platforms into RiskTech. The first
phase of the consolidation was completed in August 2009.
Consolidation of the claims platforms is anticipated to continue
through 2011; however, the Registrant cannot guarantee that it
will complete the scheduled integration on time, or that, once
completed, the integrated platform will provide the expected
benefits. Failure to achieve targeted integration goals or the
scheduled timeline may adversely affect our results of
operations.
We may
not be able to identify new revenue sources not directly tied to
the insurance underwriting cycle and therefore may be subject to
underwriting cycle market risk.
The insurance industry has in the past, and may in the future go
through a hard market cycle. Indicators of a hard insurance
underwriting cycle generally include higher premiums, higher
deductibles, lower liability limits, excluded coverages,
reservation of rights letters and unpaid claims. During a hard
insurance underwriting market, insurance companies typically
become very selective in the risks they underwrite and insurance
premiums and policy deductibles increase. This often results in
a reduction in industry-wide claims volumes, which reduces claim
referrals to us unless we can offset the decline in claim
referrals with growth in our market share. In softer insurance
markets, when insurance premium and deductible levels are
generally in decline, industry-wide claim volumes generally
increase, which should increase claim referrals to us provided
property and casualty insurance carriers do not reduce the
number of claims they outsource to independent firms such as
ours.
We are subject to this insurance underwriting market risk and
try to mitigate this risk through the development and marketing
of services that are not affected by the insurance underwriting
cycle, such as those related to class action and warranty
services. However, there can be no assurance that our mitigating
efforts will be effective with respect to eliminating or
reducing underwriting market risk. To the extent we cannot
effectively minimize the risk through diversification, our
financial condition and results of operations could be
materially adversely impacted in future hard market cycles.
We may
not be able to develop or acquire necessary I.T. resources to
support and grow our business. Our failure to do this could
materially adversely affect our business, results of operations
and financial condition.
We have made substantial investments in software and related
technologies that are critical to the core operations of our
business. These I.T. resources will require future maintenance
and enhancements, potentially at substantial costs.
Additionally, these I.T. resources may become obsolete in the
future and require replacement, potentially at substantial
costs. We may not be able to develop or acquire replacement
resources or to identify and acquire new technology resources
necessary to support and grow our business. Any failure to do
so, or to do so in a timely manner or at a cost considered
reasonable by us, could materially adversely affect our
business, results of operations and financial condition.
A
significant portion of our businesses are international. These
international operations face political, legal, operational,
exchange rate and other risks not generally present in U.S.
operations, and which could negatively affect those operations
or our business as a whole.
Our international operations face political, legal, operational,
exchange rate and other risks that we do not face in our
domestic operations. We face the risk of discriminatory
regulation, nationalization or expropriation of assets, changes
in both domestic and foreign laws regarding trade and investment
abroad, potential loss of proprietary information due to piracy,
misappropriation or laws that may be less protective of our
intellectual property rights, price controls and exchange
controls or other restrictions that prevent us from transferring
funds from these operations out of the countries in which they
operate or converting local currencies we hold into
U.S. dollars or other currencies.
Foreign operations also subject us to numerous additional laws
and regulations affecting our business, such as those related to
labor, employment, worker health and safety, antitrust and
competition, environmental protection, consumer protection,
import/export and anticorruption, including but not limited to
the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act. The FCPA prohibits giving
anything of value intended to influence government officials.
Although we have put into place policies and procedures aimed at
ensuring legal and regulatory compliance, our employees,
subcontractors and agents could take actions that violate any of
these requirements. Violations of these regulations could
subject us to criminal or civil enforcement actions, any of
which could have a material adverse effect on our business,
financial condition or results of operations.
We
operate in highly competitive markets and face intense
competition from both established entities and new entrants into
those markets. Our failure to compete effectively may adversely
affect us.
The claims services markets, both in the U.S. and
internationally, are highly competitive and are comprised of a
large number of companies of varying size and offering a varying
scope of services. These include large insurance companies and
insurance brokerage firms which, in addition to their primary
services of insurance underwriting or insurance brokerage, also
provide services such as claims administration, healthcare and
disability management, and risk management information systems.
Many of these companies are larger than us in terms of annual
revenues and total assets, and may be more able to devote
significant resources to advertising, marketing and price
competition. In addition, we also compete with a great number of
smaller local and regional claims management services firms
located throughout the U.S. and internationally. Many of
these smaller firms have rate structures that are generally
lower than ours, or may, in certain markets, have local
knowledge that provides them with a competitive advantage. There
are also national independent companies that provide a similar
broad spectrum of claims management services and who directly
compete with us. In addition, we have recently encountered
increased pricing pressures from both our clients and
competitors, and we expect this trend to continue. In the event
we are not able to successfully compete in the markets in which
we operate, we could experience an adverse effect on our results
of operations, cash flows or financial position.
We may
not be able to recruit, train, and retain qualified personnel,
including retaining a sufficient number of on-call claims
adjusters, to respond to catastrophic events that may,
singularly or in combination, significantly increase our
clients’ needs for adjusters.
Our catastrophe revenues can fluctuate dramatically based on the
frequency and severity of natural and man-made disasters. When
such events happen, our clients usually require a sudden and
substantial increase in the need for catastrophic claims
services, which can place strains on the capacity of our
catastrophe adjusters. Our internal resources are sometimes not
sufficient to meet these sudden and substantial increases in
demand. When these situations occur, we must retain outside
adjusters (temporary employees and contractors) to increase our
capacity. There can be no assurance that we will be able to
retain such outside adjusters with the requisite qualifications,
at the times needed or on terms that we believe are economically
reasonable. Insurance companies and other loss adjusting firms
also aggressively compete for these independent adjusters, who
often command high prices for their services at such times of
peak demand. Such competition could reduce availability,
increase our costs and reduce our revenues. Our failure to
timely, efficiently and competently provide these services to
our clients could result in reduced revenues, loss of customer
goodwill and a negative impact on our results of operations.
Legal
Settlement Administration service revenues are project-based and
can fluctuate significantly from period to period for any number
of reasons, any of which can materially impact our financial
condition and results of operations.
Our Legal Settlement Administration service revenues are
project-based and can fluctuate significantly from period to
period. Revenues from this segment are in part dependent on
product liability, bankruptcy and securities class action cases
and settlements. Legislation or a change in market conditions
could curtail, slow or limit growth of this part of our
business. Tort reforms in the U.S., both at the national and
state levels, could limit the number and size of future class
action cases and settlements. Any slowdown in the referral of
projects to the Legal Settlement Administration segment or the
commencement of services under the projects in any period could
materially adversely impact our financial condition and results
of operations.
We
face restrictions and limitations on our ability to, and have
not recently paid, cash dividends to our shareholders, which
could materially impact the market for, and price of, our common
stock.
In considering the purchase of common stock, many investors
consider the dividend-paying nature of the issuer thereof. We
have not, since August 2006, paid dividends on either class of
our common stock. The covenants in our Credit Agreement
significantly limit our ability to make any dividend payments to
shareholders and permit dividends only if certain ratios are
met. In addition, if permitted, our Board of
Directors makes dividend decisions based in part on an
assessment of current and projected earnings and cash flows. The
decision and ability to pay dividends is also impacted by many
other factors, including the expected funding requirements for
our defined benefit pension plans, future repayments of
outstanding borrowings and future levels of cash generated by
our operating activities. The significant contractual
restrictions, and other matters, which have resulted in the
Company not having paid dividends on its outstanding common
stock in recent history could reduce the overall market demand
for such stock, leading to a reduced price thereof.
If we
do not protect our proprietary information and technology
resources and prevent third parties from making unauthorized use
of our products and technology, our financial results could be
harmed.
We rely on a combination of procedures and patent, trademark and
trade secret laws to protect our proprietary information.
However, all of these measures afford only limited protection
and may be challenged, invalidated or circumvented by third
parties. Third parties may copy aspects of our processes,
products or materials, or otherwise obtain and use our
proprietary information without authorization. Third parties may
also develop similar or superior technology independently,
including by designing around any of our proprietary technology.
Furthermore, the laws of some foreign countries do not offer the
same level of protection of our proprietary rights as the laws
of the U.S., and we may be subject to unauthorized use of our
products in those countries. Any legal action that we may bring
to protect proprietary information could be expensive and may
distract management from day-to-day operations. Unauthorized
copying or use of our products or proprietary information could
materially adversely affect us.
We are
party to lawsuits that could adversely impact our
business.
In the normal course of the claims administration services
business, we are named as a defendant in suits by insureds or
claimants contesting decisions by us or our clients with respect
to the settlement of claims. Additionally, our clients have
periodically brought actions for indemnification on the basis of
alleged negligence on our part or on the part of our agents or
our employees in rendering service to clients. There can be no
assurance that additional lawsuits will not be filed against us.
There also can be no assurance that any such lawsuits will not
have a disruptive impact upon the operation of our business,
that the defense of the lawsuits will not consume the time and
attention of our senior management and financial resources or
that the resolution of any such litigation will not have a
material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and
results of operations.
The
Registrant’s International Operations segment derives a
significant portion of its revenue from a single customer. The
loss of this customer could have a material adverse effect on
the results of the International Operations
segment.
For the year ended December 31, 2009, our International
Operations segment derived in excess of ten, but less than
fifteen, percent of its revenue from a single customer. The
services provided to this customer vary on a
country-by-country
basis, and are covered by the terms of various contractual
arrangements. Should this customer elect to cease its business
relationship with us entirely, such event could have a material
adverse effect on the results of the International Operations
segment.
The risks described above are not the only ones facing the
Company, but are the ones currently deemed the most material by
us based on available information. New risks may emerge from
time to time, and it is not possible for management to predict
all such risks, nor can we assess the impact of known risks on
our business or the extent to which any factor or combination of
factors may cause actual results to differ materially from those
contained in any forward-looking statement.
None.
EXECUTIVE
OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT
The following are the names, positions held, and ages of each of
the executive officers of the Registrant:
Name
Office
Age
J. T. Bowman
W. B. Swain
A. W. Nelson
K. B. Frawley
D. A. Isaac
K. F. Martino
I. V. Muress
G. T. Gibson
M. F. Reeves
P. G. Porter
B. S. Flynn
P. R. Austin
R. J. Cormican
Mr. Bowman was appointed to his present position with the
Registrant on January 1, 2008. From January 1, 2006 to
December 31, 2007 he was Executive Vice President and Chief
Operating Officer — Global Property and Casualty of
the Registrant, and was in charge of the Registrant’s
U.S. Property & Casualty and International
Operations segments. From April 1, 2001 to
December 31, 2005 he was President of Crawford &
Company International, Inc. managing the Registrant’s
international operations.
Mr. Swain was appointed to his present position with the
Registrant on October 6, 2006 and from May 2, 2006
acted as interim Chief Financial Officer. Prior to that and from
January 1, 2000 he was Senior Vice President and Controller
of the Registrant.
Mr. Nelson was appointed to his present position with the
Registrant on January 7, 2008. From October 17, 2005
through January 6, 2008 he was Executive Vice
President — General Counsel and Corporate Secretary of
the Registrant. Prior to that and from October 1997 he served in
various positions with BellSouth Corporation, a
telecommunications company, most recently as Chief Compliance
Counsel. In that capacity he was in charge of all legal
compliance issues facing BellSouth domestically and
internationally.
Mr. Frawley was appointed to his present position as
CEO — Americas in charge of the Registrant’s
U.S. Property & Casualty segment and certain
international operations in all the Americas effective
January 7, 2008. Prior to that and from February 23,
2005 when he joined the Registrant, he was responsible for the
Legal Settlement Administration segment of the Registrant’s
business. Prior to joining the Registrant and since 1996 he was
Chief Compliance Officer — Insurance Division for
Prudential Financial, Inc. which, through its subsidiaries,
provides various financial products and services.
Mr. Isaac was appointed to his current position with GCG, a
wholly owned subsidiary of the Registrant in October 2006. Prior
to that and from February 2000 he was President of GCG.
Mr. Martino was appointed to his present position as
CEO & President, Broadspire Services, Inc. effective
December 29, 2008. Prior to that and from November 27,
2007, when he joined the Registrant, he was President of
Broadspire Services, Inc., responsible for operations. Prior to
joining the Registrant and since February 1999, he was employed
by Specialty Risk Services, a claims administration and risk
management services provider, where he served as Senior Vice
President, chief financial officer and Senior Vice
President — account management.
Mr. Muress was appointed to his present position as
CEO — EMEA/Asia-Pacific, in charge of the
Registrant’s European, Middle Eastern, African and
Asia-Pacific operations effective January 7, 2008. Prior to
that and from January 2006 he was CEO-EMEA and from August 2002,
when he joined the Registrant’s U.K. subsidiary, until
January 2006 he was CEO — UK & Ireland, in
charge of the Registrant’s operations in the United Kingdom
and Ireland.
Mr. Gibson was appointed to his present position in charge
of Global Strategy, Projects and Development effective
January 7, 2008. Prior to that and from January 2006 he was
Chief Executive Officer — The Americas, in charge of
the international operations for the Registrant in the Americas
outside of the United States. From January 2000 to January 2006
he was Chief Executive Officer — Canada in charge of
the Registrant’s Canadian operations.
Mr. Reeves was appointed to his present position in charge
of Global Markets effective January 7, 2008. Prior to that
and from November 1, 2004 he was Senior Vice
President — Corporate Multinational Risks, responsible
for the strategy, sales and account management of the
Registrant’s relationship with the Fortune 1000 market.
From November 1, 2002 to November 1, 2004 he was
Senior Vice President — Technical Services (UK)
responsible for the Registrant’s Technical Services
business unit in the United Kingdom.
Mr. Porter was appointed to his current position
January 19, 2005 and was interim Senior Vice
President — Claims Management from December 15,
2004. Prior to that and from May 1, 2001 he was Senior Vice
President in charge of business development for Claims
Management Services.
Mr. Flynn was appointed to his present position in charge
of the Registrant’s global information technology operation
effective December 10, 2007. Prior to joining the
Registrant and since May 2001 he was Senior Vice
President-Technology of BCD Travel USA, LLC, a travel management
company.
Ms. Austin was appointed to her present position with the
Registrant on April 24, 2006. Prior to joining the
Registrant and since October 1998 she was Vice President-Human
Resources of D. S. Waters of America LP, a bottled water
distributor.
Mr. Cormican was appointed to his present position
February 15, 2005. Prior to joining the Registrant from
August 2002 until February 2005 he was Senior Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer of Assurance America Corporation, an
insurance holding company.
Officers of the Registrant are appointed by the Board of
Directors.
The Registrant has adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics
for its CEO, CFO, principal accounting officer and all other
officers, directors and employees of the Registrant. The Code of
Business Conduct and Ethics, as well as the Registrant’s
Corporate Governance Guidelines and Committee Charters, are
available at www.crawfordandcompany.com. Any amendment or waiver
of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics will be posted on
this website within four business days after the effectiveness
thereof. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics may also be
obtained without charge by writing to Corporate Secretary, Legal
Department, Crawford & Company, 1001 Summit Boulevard,
N.E., Atlanta, Georgia 30319.
As of December 31, 2009, the Registrant owned a building in
Tucker, Georgia where part of its information technology
facility is located. It also owned an office in Kitchener,
Ontario and an additional
office location in Stockport, England, both of which are
utilized by the Registrant’s International Operations
segment. As of December 31, 2009, the Registrant leased
approximately 526 other office locations under various leases
with varying terms. The remainder of its office locations are
occupied under various short-term rental arrangements. The
Registrant generally believes that its office locations are
sufficient for its operations and that, in the event it was
required to obtain different or additional office locations,
such locations would be available at times, and on commercially
reasonable terms, as would be necessary for the conduct of its
business. No assurances can be given, however, that the
Registrant would be able to obtain such office locations as and
when needed, or on terms it considered to be reasonable, if at
all.
In the normal course of the claims administration services
business, the Registrant is named as a defendant in suits by
insureds or claimants contesting decisions by the Registrant or
its clients with respect to the settlement of claims.
Additionally, clients of the Registrant have, in the past,
brought actions for indemnification on the basis of alleged
negligence on the part of the Registrant, its agents or its
employees in rendering service to clients. The majority of these
claims are of the type covered by insurance maintained by the
Registrant; however, the Registrant is responsible for the
deductibles and self-insured retentions under its various
insurance coverages. In the opinion of the Registrant, adequate
reserves have been provided for such risks. No assurances can be
provided, however, that the result of any such action, claim or
proceeding, now known or occurring in the future, will not
result in a material adverse effect on our business, financial
condition or results of operations.
Our Class A common stock and Class B common stock are
traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol
“CRDA” and “CRDB,” respectively. The
following table sets forth, for the quarterly periods indicated,
the high and low sales prices per share for the Company’s
Class A common stock and Class B common stock, as
reported on the New York Stock Exchange:
2009
Class A — High
Class A — Low
Class B — High
Class B — Low
2008
We have not paid or declared cash dividends to our shareholders
since 2006. The declaration of dividends is subject to the
discretion of our Board of Directors in light of all relevant
factors, including any funding requirements for our defined
benefit pension plans, required or other considered repayments
of outstanding borrowings under our Credit Agreement, future
levels of cash generated by our operating activities, general
business conditions, and restrictions related to the covenants
contained in our Credit Agreement. The covenants in our Credit
Agreement currently limit dividend payments. See Note 4,
“Short-Term and Long-Term Debt,” to the audited
consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual
Report on Form
10-K.
During 2009 and 2008, we did not repurchase any shares of our
Class A or Class B Common Stock under our
discretionary 1999 share repurchase program authorized by
the Board of Directors. As of December 31,
2009, we have the availability to purchase up to 705,863
additional shares under the program. We believe it is unlikely
that we will repurchase shares under this program in the
foreseeable future due to, among other things, the underfunded
status of our defined benefit pension plans and the covenants
and related restrictions contained in our Credit Agreement.
The approximate number of record holders of the Company’s
stock as of December 31, 2009: Class A —
2,745 and Class B — 589.
There were no purchases of common stock of the Company made
during the three months ended December 31, 2009, by the
Company or any “affiliated purchaser” of the Company
as defined in
Rule 10b-18(a)(3)
under the Exchange Act.
The following selected financial data should be read in
conjunction with “Item 7. Management’s Discussion
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and
notes thereto contained in “Item 8. Financial
Statements and Supplementary Data” of this report.
For the Years Ended December 31,
Revenues before Reimbursements
Reimbursements
Total Revenues
Total Cost of Services
U.S. Property & Casualty Operating Earnings(1)
International Operating Earnings(1)
Broadspire Operating (Loss) Earnings(1)
Legal Settlement Administration Operating Earnings(1)
Unallocated Corporate and Shared Costs
Net Corporate Interest Expense
Stock Option Expense
Amortization of Customer-Relationship Intangible Assets
Other (Expenses) Gains
Goodwill and Intangible Asset Impairment Charges
Income Taxes
Net (Loss) Income attributable to Crawford & Company
Earnings (Loss) Per Share:
Basic
Diluted
Current Assets
Total Assets
Current Liabilities
Long-Term Debt, Less Current Installments
Total Debt
Shareholders’ Investment Attributable to
Crawford & Company Shareholders
Total Capital
Current Ratio
Total Debt-to-Total Capital
Return on Average Shareholders’ Investment
Cash Provided by Operating Activities
Cash Used in Investing Activities
Cash (Used In) Provided By Financing Activities
Shareholders’ Equity Per Share
Cash Dividends Per Share:
Class A and Class B Common Stock
Weighted-Average Shares and Share-Equivalents:
The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations
(“MD&A”) is intended to help the reader
understand Crawford & Company, our operations, and our
business environment. This MD&A is provided as a supplement
to — and should be read in conjunction
with — our consolidated financial statements and the
accompanying notes thereto contained in Item 8,
“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” of this
report. As described in Note 1, “Major Accounting and
Reporting Policies,” of those accompanying audited
consolidated financial statements, the financial statements of
our subsidiaries comprising our International Operations
segment, other than subsidiaries in Canada and the Caribbean,
are included in our consolidated financial statements on a
two-month delayed basis (fiscal year end of October 31) as
permitted by U.S. generally accepted accounting principles
(“GAAP”) in order to provide sufficient time for
accumulation of their results.
Business
Overview
Based in Atlanta, Georgia, Crawford & Company
(www.crawfordandcompany.com) is the world’s largest
independent provider of claims management solutions to the risk
management and insurance industry as well as self-insured
entities, with a global network of more than 700 locations in 63
countries. The Crawford System of Claims
Solutionssmoffers
comprehensive, integrated claims services, business process
outsourcing and consulting services for major product lines
including property and casualty claims management, workers’
compensation claims and medical management, warranty
inspections, legal settlement administration, including class
action and bankruptcy administration and risk management
information services. Shares of the Company’s two classes
of common stock are traded on the NYSE under the symbols CRDA
and CRDB, respectively.
As discussed in more detail in subsequent sections of this
MD&A, we have four operating segments:
U.S. Property & Casualty, International
Operations, Broadspire, and Legal Settlement Administration. Our
four operating segments represent components of our Company for
which separate financial information is available that is
evaluated regularly by our chief operating decision maker in
deciding how to allocate resources and in assessing operating
performance. U.S. Property & Casualty serves the
U.S. property and casualty insurance company market,
including the product warranties and inspections marketplace.
International Operations serves the property and casualty
insurance company markets outside of the U.S. Broadspire
serves the self-insurance marketplace primarily in the
U.S. Legal Settlement Administration serves the securities,
bankruptcy, and other legal settlements markets primarily in the
U.S.
Insurance companies, which represent the major source of our
global revenues, customarily manage their own claims
administration function but often rely on third parties for
certain services which we provide, primarily field investigation
and the evaluation of property and casualty insurance claims. We
also conduct inspections of building component products related
to warranty and product performance claims.
Self-insured entities typically rely on us for a broader range
of services. In addition to field investigation and evaluation
of their claims, we may also provide initial loss reporting
services for their claimants, loss mitigation services such as
medical case management and vocational rehabilitation, risk
management information services, and administration of trust
funds established to pay their claims.
We also perform legal settlement administration services related
to securities, product liability, and other class action
settlements and bankruptcies, including identifying and
qualifying class members, determining and dispensing settlement
payments, and administering settlement funds. Such services are
generally referred to by us as class action services.
The claims management services market, both in the U.S. and
internationally, is highly competitive and comprised of a large
number of companies of varying size and offering a varied scope
of services. The demand from insurance companies and
self-insured entities for services provided by independent
claims service firms like us is largely dependent on
industry-wide claims volumes, which are affected by, among other
things, the insurance underwriting cycle, weather-related
events, general economic activity, overall
employment levels, and associated workplace injury rates.
Accordingly, we are limited in our ability to predict case
volumes that may be referred to us in the future. In addition,
our ability to retain clients and maintain and increase case
referrals is also dependent in part on our ability to continue
to provide high-quality, competitively priced services.
We generally earn our revenues on an individual
fee-per-claim
basis for claims management services we provide to property and
casualty insurance companies and self-insured entities.
Accordingly, the volume of claim referrals to us is a key driver
of our revenues. Generally, fees are earned on claims in the
period the claim is assigned to us, although sometimes a portion
or substantially all of the revenue will be earned in subsequent
periods. Industry-wide claims volume in general will vary
depending upon the insurance underwriting cycle.
In the insurance industry, the underwriting cycle is often said
to be in either a “soft” or “hard” market. A
soft market generally results when insurance companies focus
more on increasing their premium income and focus less on
controlling underwriting risks. A soft market often occurs in
conjunction with strong financial markets or in a period with a
lack of catastrophe losses. Insurance companies often attempt to
derive a significant portion of their earnings from their
investment portfolios, and their focus may turn to collecting
more premium income to invest under the assumption that
increased investment income and gains will offset higher claim
costs that usually result from relaxed underwriting standards.
Due to competition in the industry during a soft market,
insurance companies usually concentrate on growing their premium
base by increasing the number of policies in-force instead of
raising individual policy premiums. When the insurance
underwriting market is soft, insurance companies are generally
more aggressive in the risks they underwrite, and insurance
premiums and policy deductibles typically decline. This usually
results in an increase in industry-wide claim referrals which
generally will increase claim referrals to us provided that we
are able to maintain our existing market share. However, if a
soft market coincides with a period of low catastrophic claims
activity, industry-wide claim volumes may not increase.
A transition from a soft to a hard market is usually caused by
one or two key factors, or sometimes a combination of both: weak
financial markets or unacceptable losses from policy holders.
When investments held by insurance companies begin to perform
poorly, insurance companies typically turn their focus to
attempting to better control underwriting risks and claim costs.
However, even if financial markets perform well, the relaxed
underwriting standards in a soft market can lead to unacceptable
increases in the frequency and cost of claims, especially in
geographic areas that are prone to frequent weather-related
catastrophes. Either of these factors will usually lead the
insurance industry to transition to a hard market. During a hard
insurance underwriting market, insurance companies generally
become more selective in the risks they underwrite, and
insurance premiums and policy deductibles typically increase,
sometimes quite dramatically. This usually results in a
reduction in industry-wide claim volumes, which generally
reduces claim referrals to us unless we are able to offset the
decline in claim referrals with growth in our market share.
During 2009, the insurance industry underwriting cycle could be
characterized as a “soft” market. Because the
underwriting cycle can change suddenly due to unforeseen events
in the financial markets and catastrophic claims activity, we
cannot predict what impact the current “soft” market
may have on us in the future.
We are also impacted by decisions insurance companies and other
clients may make to change the level of claims outsourced to
independent claim service firms as opposed to those handled by
their own in-house claims adjusters or contracted to other third
party administrators, whether or not associated with insurance
companies. Our ability to grow our market share in a highly
fragmented and competitive market is primarily dependent on the
delivery of superior quality service and effective sales efforts.
The legal settlement administration market is also highly
competitive but comprised of a smaller number of specialized
entities. The demand for legal settlement administration
services is generally not directly tied to or affected by the
insurance underwriting cycle. The demand for these services is
largely dependent on the volume of securities and product
liability class action settlements, the volume of
Chapter 11 bankruptcy filings and the resulting
settlements, and general economic conditions. Our revenues for
legal settlement administration services are generally
project-based and we earn these revenues as we perform
individual tasks and deliver the outputs as outlined in each
project.
Results
of Operations
Executive
Summary
Net loss attributable to Crawford & Company was
($115.7) million in 2009, compared to net income of
$32.3 million in 2008 and $16.1 million in 2007. The
net loss in 2009 included non-cash goodwill and intangible asset
impairment charges of $140.9 million, of which
$140.3 million is not deductible for income tax purposes.
Also included in our 2009 results was a loss on the partial
sublease of a Broadspire facility in Plantation, Florida and
other restructuring costs totaling $4.1 million, or
approximately $2.6 million after income tax. The
2009 net loss was reduced by certain foreign tax benefits
totaling $5.7 million as a result of an internal
restructuring of certain of the Company’s international
operations. Net corporate interest expense declined
$3.5 million in 2009 compared to 2008 due to lower interest
rates and reduced short-term borrowings. Operating earnings (a
measure of segment operating performance used by our management
that is defined and discussed in more detail below) and the
related operating margin increased for Legal Settlement
Administration in 2009 compared to 2008, but both measures
declined for our other three operating segments.
For 2008, net income attributable to Crawford &
Company was impacted by a non-taxable gain of $2.5 million
related to the sale of a lower-tier subsidiary in the
Netherlands (the “Netherlands subsidiary”). Our net
income in 2008 also included a charge of $3.3 million, or
approximately $2.4 million after income tax, from certain
internal restructuring activities in our
U.S. Property & Casualty and International
Operations segments.
Net income attributable to Crawford & Company in 2007
included a gain of $4.8 million, or approximately
$3.1 million net of related income taxes, from the 2006
sale of our former corporate headquarters. This gain was
initially deferred pending the expiration of a leaseback
arrangement related to that facility, which expired during the
second quarter of 2007. Our net income for 2007 also included a
gain of $4.0 million, or approximately $2.5 million
net of related income taxes, from the sale of our former
U.S. subrogation services business in February 2007, and
the recognition of a previously unrecognized tax benefit of
$2.0 million.
Compared to 2008, our consolidated revenues before
reimbursements (“revenues”) were lower in 2009 due to
several key factors. International Operations segment revenues
in 2009 were negatively impacted by $62.5 million in
exchange rate fluctuations due to a stronger U.S. dollar
during most of 2009. U.S. Property & Casualty
segment revenues were lower in 2009 due primarily to an overall
industry-wide softness in property and casualty claims.
Broadspire segment revenues decreased in 2009 primarily due to
the reduced number of workers’ compensation claims
resulting primarily from lower U.S. employment levels.
However, Legal Settlement Administration segment revenues
increased in 2009 reflecting the positive impact of several
major bankruptcy and securities class action administration
projects awarded to this operating segment during 2008 and 2009.
Operating
Earnings (Loss) of our Operating Segments
We believe that a discussion and analysis of the operating
earnings of our four operating segments is helpful in
understanding the results of our operations. Operating earnings
is our segment measure of profitability as discussed in
Note 12, “Segment and Geographic Information, to the
accompanying audited consolidated financial statements under
Item 8 in this Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
Operating earnings is the primary financial performance measure
used by our senior management and chief operating decision maker
(“CODM”) to evaluate the financial performance of our
operating segments and make resource allocation decisions.
Unlike net income, our operating earnings measure is not a
standard performance measure found in GAAP. However, since it is
our segment measure of profitability presented in conformity
with the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s
(“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification
(“ASC”) Topic 280 “Segment Reporting,” it is
not considered a non-GAAP measure requiring reconciliation
pursuant to Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”)
guidance contained in Regulation G and Item 10(e) of
Regulation S-K.
We believe this measure is useful to others in that it allows
them to evaluate segment operating performance using the same
criteria our management and CODM use. Operating earnings
represent segment earnings excluding
income tax expense, net corporate interest expense, amortization
of customer-relationship intangible assets, stock option
expense, certain other gains and expenses, and certain
unallocated corporate and shared costs. Net income or loss
attributable to noncontrolling interests has been removed from
operating earnings.
Income tax expense, net corporate interest expense, amortization
of customer-relationship intangible assets, and stock option
expense are recurring components of our net income or loss, but
they are not considered part of our segment operating earnings
because they are managed on a corporate-wide basis. Income tax
expense is based on statutory rates in effect in each of the
jurisdictions where we provide services, and vary throughout the
world. Net corporate interest expense results from company-level
capital structure decisions made by management. Amortization
expense relates to non-cash amortization expense of
customer-relationship intangible assets resulting from business
combinations. Stock option expense represents the non-cash costs
generally related to stock options and employee stock purchase
plan expenses which are not allocated to our operating segments.
None of these costs relate directly to the performance of our
services or operating activities and, therefore, are excluded
from segment operating earnings in order to better assess the
results of each segment’s operating activities on a
consistent basis.
Certain other gains and expenses may arise from events (such as
gains on sales of businesses and real estate, expenses related
to restructurings, and goodwill impairment charges) that are not
allocated to any particular segment since they historically have
not regularly impacted our performance and are not expected to
impact our future performance on a regular basis.
Unallocated corporate and shared costs represent expenses and
credits related to our CEO and Board of Directors, certain
provisions for bad debt allowances or subsequent recoveries such
as those related to bankrupt clients, defined benefit pension
costs or credits for our frozen U.S. pension plan, certain
software, and certain self-insurance costs and recoveries that
are not allocated to our individual operating segments.
Additional discussion and analysis of our income taxes, net
corporate interest expense, amortization of
customer-relationship intangible assets, stock option expense,
unallocated corporate and shared costs, and other gains and
expenses follows the discussion and analysis of the results of
operations of our four operating segments.
Segment
Revenues
In the normal course of business, our operating segments incur
certain out-of-pocket expenses that are thereafter reimbursed by
our clients. Under GAAP, these out-of-pocket expenses and
associated reimbursements are reported as revenues and expenses
in our consolidated results of operations. In some of the
segment discussion and analysis that follows, we do not believe
it is informative to include the GAAP-required gross up of our
segment revenues and expenses for these pass-through reimbursed
expenses. The amounts of reimbursed expenses and related
revenues offset each other in our results of operations with no
impact to our net income or loss. Unless noted in the following
discussion and analysis, revenue amounts exclude reimbursements
for out-of-pocket expenses.
Segment
Expenses
Our discussion and analysis of segment operating expenses is
comprised of two components. “Direct Compensation and
Fringe Benefits” includes all compensation, payroll taxes,
and benefits provided to our employees which, as a service
company, represents our most significant and variable operating
expense. “Expenses Other Than Direct Compensation and
Fringe Benefits” includes outsourced services, office rent
and occupancy costs, office operating expenses, cost of risk,
amortization and depreciation expense other than amortization of
customer-relationship intangible assets, and allocated corporate
and shared costs. These costs are more fixed in nature as
compared to direct compensation and fringe benefits.
Allocated corporate and shared costs are allocated to our four
operating segments based primarily on usage. These allocated
costs are included in the determination of segment operating
earnings. If we change our allocation methods or change the
types of costs that are allocated to our four operating
segments, prior periods are adjusted to reflect the current
allocation process.
Operating results for our U.S. Property &
Casualty, International Operations, Broadspire, and Legal
Settlement Administration segments reconciled to pretax (loss)
income attributable to Crawford & Company and net (loss)
income attributable to Crawford & Company, were as
follows:
Year Ended December 31,
Revenues Before Reimbursements:
U.S. Property & Casualty
International Operations
Broadspire
Legal Settlement Administration
Total, before reimbursements
Reimbursements
Total Revenues
Direct Compensation & Fringe Benefits:
% of related revenues before reimbursements
Total
% of Revenues before reimbursements
Expenses Other than Direct Compensation & Fringe
Benefits:
Total, before reimbursements
% of Revenues
Segment Operating Earnings (Loss):
Add/(deduct):
Unallocated corporate and shared costs
Goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges
Net corporate interest expense
Stock option expense
Amortization of customer-relationship intangibles
Other gains and expenses, net
(Loss) Income Before Income Taxes Attributable to
Crawford & Company
Income taxes
Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Crawford &
Company
nm = not meaningful
Year
Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to Year Ended
December 31, 2008
U.S.
PROPERTY & CASUALTY SEGMENT
Operating
Earnings
Operating earnings for our U.S. Property &
Casualty segment decreased from $22.6 million in 2008 to
$18.9 million in 2009, representing an operating margin of
9.1% in 2009 compared to 10.4% in 2008. The decrease in 2009 was
primarily due to a decrease in revenues as discussed below.
Revenues
before Reimbursements
U.S. Property & Casualty revenues are primarily
generated from the property and casualty insurance company
markets, with additional revenues generated from the warranties
and inspections marketplace. U.S. Property &
Casualty revenues before reimbursements by major service line
were as follows:
Claims Field Operations
Catastrophe Services
Technical Services
Contractor Connection
Total U.S. Property & Casualty Revenues before
Reimbursements
U.S. Property & Casualty revenues before
reimbursements decreased 4.7% to $206.6 million in 2009
compared to $216.8 million in 2008. This 2009 decrease was
due primarily to a decrease in claims field operations driven by
reduced property, vehicle and warranty services claims,
partially offset by increases in revenues in our technical
services unit, which primarily handles major commercial losses,
and in our direct repair network, Contractor Connection.
U.S. Property & Casualty’s 4.7% revenue
decline from 2008 to 2009 was due to a 2.3% decrease from
changes in the mix of services provided and in the rates charged
for those services, and a 2.4% decrease in segment unit volume,
measured principally by cases received.
Reimbursed
Expenses Included in Total Revenues
Reimbursements for out-of-pocket expenses included in total
revenues for our U.S. Property & Casualty
operations were $10.0 million in 2009, decreasing from
$11.2 million in 2008. The decrease in 2009 was due
primarily to a decline in claims field operations cases received.
Case
Volume Analysis
U.S. Property & Casualty unit volumes by
underlying case category, as measured by cases received, for
2009 and 2008 were as follows:
Property
Casualty
Vehicle
Warranty Services
Workers’ Compensation and Other
Total Claims Field Operations
Total U.S. Property & Casualty Cases Received
The 2009 decrease in property and casualty claims was due
primarily to lower industry-wide claims volumes, which have
resulted in fewer claims referred to us from our clients. The
2009 decline in vehicle claims was due primarily to general
economic conditions which we believe have resulted in fewer
miles driven and thus fewer claims, and also due to decisions by
certain insurance companies to reduce adjuster involvement in
handling vehicle-related claims. We expect the trend of reduced
adjuster involvement in vehicle claims to continue. The 2009
decrease in warranty services claims resulted from the
expiration of several long-running class action contracts. This
trend is expected to continue as we are not aware of any large
new class action warranty claims that will replace the expiring
contracts. The 2009 decrease in workers’ compensation
claims was due primarily to decreased referrals for outside
investigations from insurance carriers and internal referrals
from our Broadspire segment. The 2009 increase in Contractor
Connection cases was due to the ongoing expansion of our
contractor network and due to the trend of insurance carriers
moving high-frequency, low-severity property claims directly to
repair networks, which we expect to continue. The 2009 increase
in catastrophe services claims was due primarily to severe
weather earlier in the year. The 2009 increase in technical
services claims was due primarily to our continued expansion in
this market by increasing the number of executive general
adjusters that we employ and due to the resulting increase in
market share. As discussed in more detail elsewhere herein, we
cannot predict the future trend of case volumes for a number of
reasons, including the frequency and severity of weather-related
claims and the occurrence of natural and man-made disasters,
which are a significant source of claims for us and are
generally not subject to accurate forecasting.
Direct
Compensation and Fringe Benefits
U.S. Property & Casualty direct compensation and
fringe benefits expense, as a percent of segment revenues before
reimbursements, decreased to 61.0% in 2009 compared to 61.8% in
2008. This decrease in 2009 was due primarily to a reduction in
full-time equivalent employees (“FTEs”) and lower
incentive compensation expense. There was an average of 1,607
FTEs (including 90 catastrophe adjusters) in 2009 compared to an
average of 1,676 (including 132 catastrophe adjusters) in 2008.
During the 2008 fourth quarter, we deployed over 300 catastrophe
adjusters to the Gulf Coast region of the U.S in response to
hurricanes Dolly, Gustav and Ike.
U.S. Property & Casualty salaries and wages
decreased 4.8%, to $106.2 million in 2009 from
$111.6 million in 2008. The decrease in 2009 compared to
2008 was due primarily to the reduction in FTEs. Payroll taxes
and fringe benefits for U.S. Property & Casualty
totaled $19.8 million in 2009, decreasing 11.6% from 2008
expenses of $22.4 million. The decrease in 2009 compared to
2008 was due primarily to the reduction in FTEs, lower incentive
compensation expense, and temporary reductions in planned
contributions to defined contribution retirement plans.
Incentive compensation is variable and is primarily tied to
growth in revenues and operating earnings and to reductions in a
days-sales-outstanding measure for accounts receivable.
Expenses
Other than Reimbursements, Direct Compensation and Fringe
Benefits
U.S. Property & Casualty expenses other than
reimbursements, direct compensation and related payroll taxes
and fringe benefits increased as a percent of
U.S. Property & Casualty revenues before
reimbursements to 29.9% in 2009 from 27.8% in 2008. The increase
in 2009 was primarily due to lower revenues in 2009 since these
expenses tend to be more fixed in nature. In addition, the
segment’s bad debt expense was $1.8 million lower in
2008 compared to 2009. In 2008, the segment collected a
previously charged-off account receivable and also introduced an
incentive compensation plan that includes a focus on reducing
outstanding accounts receivable balances.
INTERNATIONAL
OPERATIONS SEGMENT
International Operations’ operating earnings decreased to
$33.3 million in 2009, a decrease of 14.4% from 2008
operating earnings of $38.9 million for the reasons
described below. This decline resulted in a slight decline in
the operating margin from 8.7% in 2008 to 8.5% in 2009.
Substantially all International Operations segment revenues are
earned from the property and casualty insurance company market
outside of the U.S. International Operations revenues
before reimbursements by major region were as follows:
United Kingdom (“U.K.”)
Canada
Continental Europe, Middle East, Africa (“CEMEA”)
Asia/Pacific
Americas
Total International Operations Revenues before
Reimbursements
Revenues before reimbursements from our International Operations
segment totaled $392.6 million in 2009, an 11.8% decrease
from the $445.1 million in 2008. This 2009 revenue decrease
was due to the net negative impact of changes in currency
exchange rates, case volumes, and changes in the mix of services
provided and in the rates charged for those services. Compared
to 2008, the U.S. dollar was stronger in 2009 against most
major foreign currencies, resulting in a negative impact from
exchange rate movements of $62.5 million on this
segment’s revenues from 2008 to 2009. Excluding the
negative impact of exchange rate fluctuations, International
Operations revenues would have been $455.1 million in 2009,
reflecting growth in revenues on a constant dollar basis of 2.3%.
Excluding the disposition of the Netherlands subsidiary in 2008,
International Operations unit volume, measured by cases
received, declined 5.5% in 2009 compared to 2008. This decline
primarily reflected decreased case referrals during 2009 in the
U.K. and Canada, partially offset by increases in case referrals
in other major regions of our International Operations segment,
as discussed below. Average revenue per claim increased 9.2%
from changes in the mix of services provided and in the rates
charged for those services. Net decreases in 2009 of
high-frequency, low-severity claims primarily in Canada raised
the average revenue per claim in 2009, as discussed below. The
disposition of the Netherlands subsidiary in 2008 decreased
revenues by $6.6 million, or 1.5%, in 2009 compared to 2008.
Reimbursements for out-of-pocket expenses included in total
revenues for our International Operations segment decreased to
$31.0 million in 2009 from $42.1 million in 2008. This
decrease in 2009 was due primarily to reduced out-of-pocket
reimbursable expenses related to a major Canadian service
agreement and also due to a stronger U.S. dollar in 2009.
Excluding the impact of the 2008 disposition of the Netherlands
subsidiary, International Operations unit volumes by region for
2009 and 2008 were as follows:
United Kingdom
CEMEA
Total International Operations Cases Received
The 2009 decrease in the U.K. was due primarily to a reduction
of storm-related claims in the current year. The 2009 decrease
in Canada was due primarily to a reduction in weather-related
activity. The 2009 increase in CEMEA was due primarily to an
increase in high-frequency, low severity claims in Scandinavia
and Belgium. The changes in Asia-Pacific volumes were primarily
due to high frequency, low severity claims activity in China and
an increase in weather-related activity in Australia. The
increase in the Americas was due primarily to an increase in
high frequency, low severity claims in Brazil. As discussed in
more detail elsewhere herein, we cannot predict the future trend
of case volumes for a number of reasons, including the frequency
and severity of weather-related claims and the occurrence of
natural and man-made disasters, which are a significant source
of claims for us and are generally not subject to accurate
forecasting.
As a percent of segment revenues before reimbursements, direct
compensation expense, including related payroll taxes and fringe
benefits, increased slightly to 68.9% in 2009 from 68.1% in
2008. This percentage increase in 2009 was primarily due to
higher costs related to our U.K. defined benefit retirement
plans in 2009. The dollar amount of these expenses decreased in
2009 by $32.6 million, due primarily to a stronger
U.S. dollar in 2009, offset partially by the higher costs
in the U.K. for defined benefit retirement plans. There was an
average of 4,279 International Operations FTEs in 2009, up
slightly from 4,229 in 2008.
Salaries and wages of International Operations segment personnel
decreased 12.5% to $227.1 million in 2009 compared to
$259.5 million in 2008, decreasing as a percent of revenues
before reimbursements from 58.3% in 2008 to 57.9% in 2009. The
decrease in these expenses in 2009 was primarily related to the
stronger U.S. dollar during 2009. Payroll taxes and fringe
benefits decreased slightly to $43.5 million in 2009
compared to $43.7 million in 2008 as the increased U.K.
defined benefit retirement plan expense substantially offset the
impact of a stronger U.S. dollar.
Expenses other than reimbursements, direct compensation and
related payroll taxes and fringe benefits decreased as a percent
of segment revenues before reimbursements from 23.2% in 2008 to
22.6% in 2009. This percentage decrease in 2009 was due
primarily to increased operational efficiencies which allowed us
to service additional revenue when measured on a constant-dollar
basis without adding an equivalent amount of costs which are
generally more fixed in nature. The dollar amount of these
expenses decreased in 2009 by $14.3 million due primarily
to a stronger U.S. dollar in 2009.
BROADSPIRE
SEGMENT
As disclosed in Note 3, “Goodwill and Intangible
Asset,” to the accompanying audited consolidated financial
statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K,
we recorded a noncash goodwill and intangible asset impairment
charge totaling $140.9 million related to our Broadspire
segment during 2009. These impairment charges have been excluded
from Broadspire’s segment operating earnings (loss) and are
not included in the following discussion and analysis of
Broadspire’s segment operating results.
Operating
(Loss) Earnings
Our Broadspire segment recorded an operating loss of
$1.6 million, or (0.6)% of segment revenues before
reimbursements in 2009, compared to operating earnings of
$3.5 million, or 1.1% of segment revenues before
reimbursements in 2008. Declining case volumes in 2009 and the
weakened labor market in the U.S. have negatively impacted
Broadspire’s operating results.
Broadspire segment revenues are primarily derived from
workers’ compensation and liability claims management
services, medical management for workers’ compensation,
including vocational rehabilitation,
and risk management information services provided to the
U.S. self-insured marketplace. Broadspire revenues before
reimbursements by major service line were as follows:
Claim Management Services
Medical Management Services
Risk Management Information Services
Total Broadspire Revenues before Reimbursements
Broadspire segment revenues before reimbursements decreased 7.4%
to $288.7 million in 2009 compared to $311.8 million
in 2008. Unit volumes for the Broadspire segment, measured
principally by cases received, decreased 11.2% from 2008 to
2009. Partially offsetting the decline in unit volumes was a
3.8% increase from changes in the mix of services provided and
in the rates charged for those services. The change in the mix
of services provided reflected the utilization of medical
management services at a higher rate compared to claim
management services. During periods of high unemployment, we
tend to see the duration of workers’ compensation claims
extended which generally results in higher utilization of
medical management services such as field and telephonic case
management and medical bill review. The net result of these
factors was a 7.4% decrease in Broadspire segment revenues
before reimbursements from 2008 to 2009.
Reimbursements for out-of-pocket expenses included in total
revenues for our Broadspire segment were $5.2 million in
2009, decreasing slightly from $5.3 million in 2008. This
decrease was primarily attributable to the declines in case
volumes, substantially offset by increased out-of-pocket
expenses for the medical management of workers’
compensation claims.
Broadspire unit volumes by major underlying case category, as
measured by cases received, for 2009 and 2008 were as follows:
Workers’ Compensation
Other
Total Broadspire Cases Received
The 2009 declines in workers’ compensation claims reflected
a continuing decline in reported workplace injuries in the U.S
primarily as a result of the overall decline in employment due
to the current economic climate. The U.S. market has
experienced a decline in reported workplace injuries over the
past decade resulting in a loss in revenue from our existing
customer base. The 2009 declines in casualty claims were
primarily due to reductions in claims from our existing clients
as a result of the overall industry-wide reduction in claims
volume, partially offset by net new business gains. The 2009
increases in other claims were primarily due to increases in
health management services resulting from employers that added
such services to their employee benefits programs. As discussed
in more detail elsewhere herein, we cannot predict the future
trend of case volumes as they are generally dependent on the
timing and extent of job creation in the U.S. and the
occurrence of casualty-related events which are not subject to
accurate forecasting.
During 2009, we were notified by a major client of our
Broadspire segment that the client would not renew its existing
contract with us upon the scheduled expiration of that contract
in December 2009. For 2009, revenues related to this client
totaled approximately $21.1 million, or 7.3% of total
segment revenues.
Broadspire’s direct compensation and fringe benefits
expense, as a percent of the related revenues before
reimbursements, decreased to 56.0% in 2009 compared to 56.3% in
2008. The decrease in 2009 was primarily due to fewer FTEs in
2009 as a result of reduced case volumes, lower incentive
compensation expense, and lower costs related to temporary
reductions in planned contributions to defined contribution
retirement plans. Average FTEs totaled 2,243 in 2009, down from
2,362 in 2008.
Broadspire segment salaries and wages decreased 6.8%, to
$135.0 million in 2009 from $144.8 million in 2008,
reflecting the decline in FTEs and lower incentive compensation
expense in 2009. Payroll taxes and fringe benefits for our
Broadspire segment totaled $26.8 million in 2009,
decreasing 12.4% from 2008 expenses of $30.6 million,
reflecting the temporary reduction in planned contributions to
defined contribution retirement plans in 2009.
Broadspire segment expenses other than reimbursements, direct
compensation and related payroll taxes and fringe benefits
increased as a percent of segment revenues before reimbursements
to 44.6% in 2009 from 42.6% in 2008. This percentage increase
was primarily due to lower revenue, as total 2009 expenses were
reduced year-over-year due primarily to lower office operating
expenses in 2009 and the implementation of the RiskTech
software, which allowed us to terminate an outsource arrangement
with an information technology service provider.
LEGAL
SETTLEMENT ADMINISTRATION SEGMENT
Our Legal Settlement Administration segment reported 2009
operating earnings of $13.1 million, increasing 21.4% from
$10.8 million in 2008 with the related operating margin
increasing from 14.4% in 2008 to 16.0% in 2009 for the reasons
discussed below.
Legal Settlement Administration revenues are primarily derived
from securities, product liability and other legal settlements,
and Chapter 11 bankruptcy administration in the U.S.
Legal Settlement Administration revenues before reimbursements
increased 9.5% to $82.0 million in 2009, compared to
$74.9 million in 2008. Legal Settlement Administration
revenues are project-based and can fluctuate significantly due
primarily to the timing of securities class action and
bankruptcy settlements. During 2009, we were awarded 275 new
settlement administration assignments compared to 182 in 2008.
The growth in revenues and the number of new assignments is due
primarily to an increase in the number of bankruptcy assignments
received as a result of current economic conditions.
At December 31, 2009, we had a backlog of awarded projects
totaling approximately $55.0 million, compared to
$41.9 million at December 31, 2008. Of the
$55.0 million backlog at December 31, 2009, an
estimated $48.1 million is expected to be included in
revenues within the next twelve months.
Reimbursements for out-of-pocket expenses included in total
revenues for Legal Settlement Administration were
$32.1 million in 2009, increasing from $28.7 million
in 2008. The increase in 2009 was due primarily to the overall
increase in activity in 2009 that required significant amounts
of out-of-pocket reimbursable expenses. The nature and volume of
work performed in our Legal Settlement Administration segment
typically requires more incurred and reimbursable out-of pocket
expenditures than our other operating segments.
Transaction
Volume
Legal Settlement Administration services are generally
project-based and not denominated by individual claims.
Depending upon the nature of projects and their respective
stages of completion, the volume of transactions or tasks
performed in this segment can vary, sometimes significantly, in
any given period. For this reason, period-over-period
comparisons are generally not meaningful.
Legal Settlement Administration’s direct compensation
expense, including related payroll taxes and fringe benefits, as
a percent of segment revenues before reimbursements, decreased
to 43.7% in 2009 compared to 47.2% in 2008. The
2009 percentage decrease was primarily due to operating
efficiencies achieved as a result of the increase in revenues.
The slight increase in the 2009 dollar amount of these expenses
was due primarily to the increased number of FTEs in 2009. There
was an average of 347 FTEs in 2009, compared to an average of
336 in 2008.
Legal Settlement Administration salaries and wages, including
incentive compensation, increased 1.0% to $31.3 million in
2009 from $31.0 million in 2008. Payroll taxes and fringe
benefits for Legal Settlement Administration totaled
$4.5 million in 2009, increasing 2.3% from 2008 costs of
$4.4 million. This 2009 increase was primarily the result
of the increase in the number of FTEs in 2009.
Legal Settlement Administration expenses other than
reimbursements, direct compensation and related payroll taxes
and fringe benefits increased as a percent of related segment
revenues before reimbursements to 40.3% in 2009 from 38.4% in
2008. The 2009 increase was primarily due to an increase in
expenses related to the use of our outsourced service providers.
Year
Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Year Ended
December 31, 2007
As of January 1, 2008, our Strategic Warranty Services unit
was transferred to our U.S. Property & Casualty
segment from our Legal Settlement Administration segment.
Segment results for prior periods have been restated to reflect
this transfer.
In the first quarter of 2007, we sold our subrogation services
business.
Operating earnings for our U.S. Property &
Casualty segment increased from $7.6 million in 2007 to
$22.6 million in 2008, representing an operating margin of
10.4% in 2008 compared to 3.9% in 2007. These increases in 2008
were primarily due to increased catastrophe-related property
claims as discussed below, and also due to technology-driven
operating efficiencies resulting from our technology investments
in this segment.
U.S. Property & Casualty revenues before
reimbursements increased 12.3% to $216.8 million in 2008
compared to $193.0 million in 2007. This 2008 increase was
due primarily to increased property and
catastrophic claims activity in 2008 which drove revenue
increases in each of our major service lines.
U.S. Property & Casualty revenues before
reimbursements by major service line were as follows:
U.S. Property & Casualty revenues before
reimbursements increased a net of 12.3% from 2007 to 2008 due to
the following factors. In 2008, revenues declined 0.2% due to
the 2007 sale of our former subrogation services business.
Revenues increased 10.7% from 2007 due to changes in the mix of
services provided and in the rates charged for those services.
Segment unit volume, measured principally by cases received,
increased 1.8% from 2007 to 2008. The decrease in low-severity
vehicle claims from our U.S. insurance company clients
increased our average revenue per claim in 2008.
Reimbursements for out-of-pocket expenses included in total
revenues for our U.S. Property & Casualty segment
were $11.2 million in 2008, increasing from
$10.8 million in 2007. The increase in 2008 was due
primarily to increased vehicle fuel costs and mileage
reimbursements.
Excluding the disposition of our subrogation services business
in 2007, U.S. Property & Casualty unit volumes by
underlying case category, as measured by cases received, for
2008 and 2007 were as follows:
The 2008 increases in property and catastrophe services claims
were due primarily to severe weather in 2008 from Hurricanes
Dolly, Gustav, and Ike, and also due to storm activity in
portions of Florida, Louisiana, Texas, Missouri, Ohio and
Pennsylvania. Hurricanes Dolly, Gustav, and Ike generated over
24,000 claims in 2008. The 2008 decrease in casualty claims was
primarily due to reductions in claims referred from our existing
clients. The 2008 decline in vehicle claims was due primarily to
the decision of a large client to insource the handling of
claims that were previously outsourced to us and also due to
decisions by certain insurance companies to reduce adjuster
involvement in handling vehicle-related claims. The 2008
increase in warranty services claims was primarily due to
increased claims from our existing and new clients. The 2008
decrease in workers’ compensation claims was due primarily
to lower referrals for outside investigations from insurance
carriers and from our Broadspire segment. The 2008 increase in
Contractor Connection cases was
due to increases in referrals made within our managed repair
network as a result of catastrophic claims activity and the
expansion of our contractor network. The 2008 decline in
technical services claims was due to declines in construction
defect cases which were expected.
U.S. Property & Casualty direct compensation and
fringe benefits expense, as a percent of segment revenues before
reimbursements, decreased to 61.8% in 2008 compared to 65.4% in
2007. This percentage decrease in 2008 was due primarily to
higher revenues and increased operating efficiencies obtained
from the Company’s technology investments in this segment.
There was an average of 1,676 FTEs (including 132 catastrophe
adjusters) in 2008 compared to an average of 1,746 (including 62
catastrophe adjusters) in 2007. During the 2008 fourth quarter,
we deployed over 300 catastrophe adjusters to the Gulf Coast
region of the U.S in response to hurricanes.
U.S. Property & Casualty salaries and wages
increased 8.0%, to $111.6 million in 2008 from
$103.3 million in 2007. The increase in 2008 compared to
2007 was due primarily to higher incentive compensation costs in
2008 related to the increase in operating earnings and revenues.
Incentive compensation is variable and is primarily tied to
growth in revenues and operating earnings and to reductions in a
days-sales-outstanding measure for accounts receivable. Payroll
taxes and fringe benefits for U.S. Property &
Casualty totaled $22.4 million in 2008, decreasing 2.2%
from 2007 expenses of $22.9 million. The decrease in 2008
compared to 2007 was due primarily to the reduction in the
number of average FTEs in 2008 in this segment.
U.S. Property & Casualty expenses other than
reimbursements, direct compensation and related payroll taxes
and fringe benefits decreased as a percent of
U.S. Property & Casualty revenues before
reimbursements to 27.8% in 2008 from 30.7% in 2007. The decrease
in the amount as a percentage of segment revenues before
reimbursements in 2008 was primarily due to higher revenues in
2008 as these expenses are typically more fixed in nature. The
dollar amount of these expenses increased slightly in 2008 due
mainly to the increased number of catastrophe adjusters.
International Operations’ operating earnings increased to
$38.9 million in 2008, an increase of 57.7% from 2007
operating earnings of $24.7 million for the reasons
described below. This improvement reflected an increase in the
operating margin from 6.5% in 2007 to 8.7% in 2008.
Revenues before reimbursements from our International Operations
segment totaled $445.1 million in 2008, an 18.2% increase
from the $376.6 million in 2007. This 2008 revenue increase
was due to currency exchange rates and changes in the mix of
services provided and in the rates charged for those services.
Compared to 2007, the U.S. dollar was weaker in 2008
against most major foreign currencies, resulting in a net
exchange rate benefit in 2008 of 2.8% or $10.6 million.
Excluding the benefit of exchange rate fluctuations,
International Operations revenues would have been
$434.5 million in 2008, reflecting growth in
revenues on a constant dollar basis of 15.4%. International
Operations revenues before reimbursements by major region were
as follows:
Excluding the disposition of a Netherlands subsidiary in 2008,
International Operations unit volume, measured principally by
cases received, declined 3.3% in 2008 compared to 2007. This
decline primarily reflected decreased case referrals during 2008
in the United Kingdom and CEMEA regions of our International
Operations segment, as discussed below. Revenues before
reimbursements increased 18.9% from changes in the mix of
services provided and in the rates charged for those services.
During 2008, we entered into certain new claim service
agreements in our Canadian operations. In the U.K. a substantial
portion of the revenue associated with flood-related claims
initially reported in 2007 was earned in 2008 as we completed
the assignments. In addition, an overall decrease in
high-frequency, low severity claims increased our average
revenue per claim in 2008. The disposition of a Netherlands
business in 2008 decreased revenues by $576,000, or 0.2%, in
2008 compared to 2007.
Reimbursements for out-of-pocket expenses included in total
revenues for our International Operations segment increased to
$42.1 million in 2008 from $38.7 million in 2007. This
increase in 2008 was due primarily to increased out-of-pocket
reimbursable expenses related to a major Canadian service
agreement and also due to a weaker U.S. dollar in 2008.
Excluding the impact of the 2008 disposition of the Netherlands
business, International Operations unit volumes by region for
2008 and 2007 were as follows:
The 2008 decrease in the United Kingdom case volumes was due
primarily to higher flood claims in the prior year. The higher
case volume in Canada was due to storm-related activity during
2008 and higher case volume from new and existing clients. The
decrease in CEMEA case volume was due primarily to a reduction
in storm-related claims in the current year in France, Holland,
and Germany, and a decrease in high frequency, low severity
claims activity in Spain. The 2008 decrease in the Americas case
volumes was due primarily to a decrease in high-frequency,
low-severity claims activity in Brazil. The 2008 increase in
Asia-Pacific case volumes was primarily due to high frequency,
low severity claims activity in China and Singapore and an
increase in weather-related activity in Australia.
As a percent of segment revenues before reimbursements, direct
compensation expense including related payroll taxes and fringe
benefits, decreased to 68.1% in 2008 from 69.1% in 2007. This
percentage decrease in 2008 was primarily due to higher revenues
in Canada and the U.K. and the management of related expenses.
There was an average of 4,229 International Operations FTEs in
2008, up from 3,702 in 2007.
Salaries and wages of International Operations segment personnel
increased 17.4% to $259.5 million in 2008 compared to
$221.0 million in 2007, decreasing as a percent of revenues
before reimbursements from 58.7% in 2007 to 58.3% in 2008. The
dollar amount of increase in these expenses in 2008 was
primarily related to the increase in employees necessary to
service the increased revenues and a weaker U.S. dollar
during 2008. Payroll taxes and fringe benefits increased 12.1%
to $43.7 million in 2008 compared to $39.0 million in
2007, decreasing as a percent of revenues before reimbursements
from 10.4% in 2007 to 9.8% in 2008.
Expenses other than reimbursements, direct compensation and
related payroll taxes and fringe benefits decreased as a percent
of segment revenues before reimbursements from 24.4% in 2007 to
23.2% in 2008. This percentage decrease in 2008 was due
primarily to increased operational efficiencies which allowed us
to service additional revenue without adding an equivalent
amount of these costs which are generally more fixed in nature.
Our Broadspire segment recorded operating earnings of
$3.5 million, or 1.1% of segment revenues before
reimbursements in 2008, compared to $3.1 million, or 1.0%
of segment revenues before reimbursements in 2007.
Broadspire segment revenues before reimbursements decreased 3.0%
to $311.8 million in 2008 compared to $321.3 million
in 2007. Unit volumes for the Broadspire segment, measured
principally by cases received, decreased 11.1% from 2007 to
2008. Revenues increased by 8.1% from changes in the mix of
services provided and in the rates charged for those services
due to higher risk management information services revenues and
the higher utilization of medical management services, resulting
in a net 3.0% decrease in Broadspire segment revenues before
reimbursements from 2007 to 2008. Broadspire revenues before
reimbursements by major service line were as follows:
Reimbursements for
out-of-pocket
expenses included in total revenues for our Broadspire segment
were $5.3 million in 2008, decreasing from
$6.2 million in 2007. This 2008 decrease was primarily
attributable to the declines in case volumes.
Broadspire unit volumes by underlying case category, as measured
by cases received, for 2008 and 2007 were as follows:
The 2008 decline in workers’ compensation claims reflected
a continuing decline in reported workplace injuries in the
U.S. This decline has been a decade-long trend and has
resulted in a loss in revenue from our existing customer base.
The sharp increase in U.S. unemployment levels in the 2008
fourth quarter also negatively impacted workers’
compensation claim referrals. The 2008 decline in casualty
claims was primarily due to reductions in claims from certain of
our existing clients, partially offset by net new business gains.
Broadspire’s direct compensation and fringe benefits
expense, as a percent of the related revenues before
reimbursements, decreased to 56.3% in 2008 compared to 57.1% in
2007. The decrease in 2008 was primarily due to fewer FTEs in
2008 as a result of reduced case volumes. Average FTEs totaled
2,362 in 2008, down from 2,506 in 2007.
Broadspire segment salaries and wages decreased 4.3%, to
$144.8 million in 2008 from $151.3 million in 2007.
Payroll taxes and fringe benefits for our Broadspire segment
totaled $30.6 million in 2008, decreasing 5.0% from 2007
expenses of $32.2 million. These 2008 decreases were
primarily the result of the reduction in the number of FTEs in
2008.
Broadspire segment expenses other than reimbursements, direct
compensation and related payroll taxes and fringe benefits
increased as a percent of segment revenues before reimbursements
to 42.6% in 2008 from 41.9% in 2007. This percentage increase
was primarily due to lower revenue, as the actual 2008 expenses
were down
year-over-year
due primarily to lower provisions for doubtful accounts
receivable and office operating expenses in 2008.
Our Legal Settlement Administration segment reported 2008
operating earnings of $10.8 million, increasing slightly
from $10.7 million in 2007 with the related operating
margin increasing from 12.7% in 2007 to 14.4% in 2008 for the
reasons discussed below.
Legal Settlement Administration revenues before reimbursements
declined 11.0% to $74.9 million in 2008, compared to
$84.2 million in 2007. Legal Settlement Administration
revenues are project-based and can fluctuate significantly due
primarily to the timing of securities class action and
bankruptcy settlements. During 2008, we were awarded 182 new
settlement administration assignments compared to 192 in 2007.
At
December 31, 2008 we had a backlog of awarded projects
totaling approximately $41.9 million, compared to
$45.0 million at December 31, 2007.
Reimbursements for
out-of-pocket
expenses included in total revenues for Legal Settlement
Administration were $28.7 million in 2008, increasing from
$20.5 million in 2007. The increase in 2008 was due
primarily to large noticing projects in 2008 that required
significant amounts of
out-of-pocket
reimbursable expenses. The nature and volume of work performed
in our Legal Settlement Administration segment typically require
the incurrence of more reimbursable out-of pocket expenditures
than our other operating segments.
Legal Settlement Administration services are generally
project-based and not denominated by individual claims.
Depending upon the nature of projects and their respective
stages of completion, the volume of transactions or tasks
performed in this segment can vary, sometimes significantly, in
any given period. For this reason,
period-over-period
comparisons are generally not meaningful.
Legal Settlement Administration’s direct compensation
expense, including related payroll taxes and fringe benefits, as
a percent of segment revenues before reimbursements, increased
to 47.2% in 2008 compared to 46.9% in 2007. The
2008 percentage increase was primarily due to declines in
revenues. The 2008 decrease in the dollar amount of these
expenses was due primarily to the reduced number of FTEs in 2008
and reduced incentive compensation expenses in 2008. There was
an average of 336 FTEs in 2008, compared to an average of 412 in
2007.
Legal Settlement Administration salaries and wages, including
incentive compensation, decreased 10.1% to $31.0 million in
2008 from $34.5 million in 2007. This 2008 decrease was
primarily the result of lower incentive compensation cost as a
result of lower revenues and the decrease in the number of FTEs.
Payroll taxes and fringe benefits for Legal Settlement
Administration totaled $4.4 million in 2008, decreasing
12.0% from 2007 expenses of $5.0 million. This 2008
decrease was primarily the result of the decrease in the number
of FTEs in 2008.
Legal Settlement Administration expenses other than
reimbursements, direct compensation and related payroll taxes
and fringe benefits decreased as a percent of related segment
revenues before reimbursements to 38.4% in 2008 from 40.4% in
2007. The 2008 decrease was primarily due to changes in the
utilization of outsourced service providers.
Expenses
and Gains Excluded from Segment Operating Earnings
Income
Taxes
Income tax provisions totaled $2.6 million,
$11.6 million, and $5.4 million for 2009, 2008, and
2007, respectively. Our consolidated effective income tax rate
for financial reporting purposes may change periodically due to
changes in enacted tax rates, fluctuations in the mix of income
earned from our various domestic and international operations
which may be subject to differing tax rates, our ability to
utilize net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards, and
amounts related to uncertain income tax positions. Our effective
tax rate, including discrete items and adjustments related to
uncertain tax positions, for financial reporting purposes was
2.3%, 26.0%, and 24.8% for 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
Compared to 2007 and 2008, our effective tax rate was lower in
2009. After adjusting for the $140.3 million non-deductible
goodwill charge, our effective tax rate was 9.7% in 2009. The
lower rate in 2009 was due to a one-time $3.3 million
income tax benefit for foreign tax credits and $2.4 million
in ongoing reduced foreign taxes as a result of the completion
of an internal restructuring of certain of our international
operations in the second quarter of 2009.
Based on our 2010 operating plans, we anticipate our effective
tax rate for financial reporting purposes in 2010 to be in the
23% to 25% range.
Management believes that it is more likely than not that we will
realize our net deferred tax assets based on our forecast of
future taxable income. Our most significant deferred tax asset
is related to the unfunded liability of our defined benefit
pension plans. The tax deduction for defined benefit pension
plans generally occurs upon actual funding. Assuming that the
estimated minimum funding requirements for the defined benefit
pension plans are met, the deferred tax asset should be
realized. In accordance with GAAP, we have considered the four
possible sources of taxable income that may be available to
realize a tax benefit for deductible temporary differences and
carryforwards and have recorded a $9.6 million valuation
allowance on certain net operating loss carryforwards in our
international operations. Future changes in the valuation
allowance will not affect our liquidity or our compliance with
any existing debt covenants.
Net
Corporate Interest Expense
Net corporate interest expense is comprised of interest expense
that we incur on our short- and long-term borrowings, partially
offset by interest income we earn on available cash balances and
short-term investments. These amounts vary based on interest
rates, borrowings outstanding, and the amounts of invested cash
and investments. Interest expense is also impacted by our
interest rate swap agreements. Corporate interest expense
totaled $15.2 million, $19.6 million, and
$19.2 million for 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. The
decrease in interest expense in 2009 compared to 2008 and 2007
was due primarily to lower interest rates and lower levels of
outstanding borrowings in 2009. Corporate interest income
totaled $1.1 million, $2.0 million, and
$1.9 million in 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
Corporate interest income decreased in 2009 compared to 2008 and
2007 primarily due to the overall decline in interest rates
during 2009 and lower levels of available cash balances for
investing during the course of 2009.
Amortization
of Customer-Relationship Intangible Assets
Amortization of customer-relationship intangible assets
represents the non-cash amortization expense of
customer-relationship intangible assets arising from our 2006
acquisitions of Broadspire Management Services Inc. and
Specialty Liability Services, Ltd. Amortization expense
associated with these intangible assets totaled
$6.0 million in 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. This
amortization is included in Selling, General, and Administrative
expenses in our Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Stock
Option Expense
Stock option expense, a component of stock-based compensation
expense, is comprised of non-cash expenses related to stock
options granted under our various stock option and employee
stock purchase plans. Most of our stock options were granted
prior to 2005. Stock option expense of $914,000, $861,000, and
$1.2 million was recognized during 2009, 2008, and 2007,
respectively. Other stock-based compensation expense related to
our Executive Stock Bonus Plan (pursuant to which we have
authority to grant performance shares and restricted shares) is
charged to our four operating segments and included in the
determination of segment operating earnings.
Unallocated
Corporate and Shared Costs
Certain unallocated costs and credits are excluded from the
determination of segment operating earnings. These unallocated
corporate and shared costs primarily represent pension costs or
credits related to our frozen U.S. defined benefit pension
plan, expenses for our CEO and our Board of Directors,
relocation costs associated with the 2007 move of our corporate
headquarters, certain adjustments to our self-insured
liabilities, certain software costs, and certain adjustments to
our allowances for doubtful accounts receivable. From time to
time, we evaluate which corporate costs and credits are
appropriately allocated to our four operating segments. If
changes are made to our allocation methodology, prior period
allocations are revised to conform to our then-current
allocation methodology.
Unallocated corporate and shared costs were a net expense of
$10.7 million, $6.7 million, and $8.9 million in
2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. These costs increased in 2009
compared to 2008 due primarily to a $12.1 million increase
in U.S. defined benefit pension expense, partially offset
by lower self-insurance expenses and lower incentive
compensation expense for our CEO. Unallocated corporate and
shared costs in 2008 also included a loss of approximately
$900,000 on the sublease of a portion of a Legal Settlement
Administration facility. This loss affects the comparison of
2009 to 2008 and 2008 to 2007. Unallocated corporate and shared
costs decreased in 2008 compared to 2007 due primarily to a
$5.0 million decrease in U.S. defined benefit pension
expense, partially offset by higher self-insurance expenses and
higher incentive compensation expense for our CEO. In addition,
during 2007 we incurred moving and relocation expenses
associated with the move of our corporate headquarters and had
lower expenses due to a bad debt recovery that was not allocated
to any of our operating segments.
Other
Gains and Expenses
Due to declines in then-current and forecasted operating results
for our Broadspire reportable segment and reporting unit, the
impact that declining U.S. employment levels have had on
Broadspire’s revenue, and the weakness in our stock prices,
we recorded noncash goodwill and other intangible asset
impairment charges of $140.9 million in 2009. The
$140.3 million goodwill impairment charge is not deductible
for income tax purposes. The intangible asset portion of the
charge relates to the value of a trade name indefinite-lived
intangible asset used in a small portion of the Broadspire
reporting unit and was $600,000 of the total charge.
Other gains and expenses in 2009 consisted of restructuring and
other costs that totaled $4.1 million before income taxes.
Included in the restructuring and other costs are a
$1.8 million loss on the partial sublease of our Broadspire
facility in Plantation, Florida, $1.8 million in
professional fees related to the internal realignment of certain
of our legal entities in the U.S. and internationally in
2008 and 2009, and $400,000 in severance expense in our
International Operations segment. This realignment did not
impact the composition of our segments for financial reporting
purposes.
Other gains and expenses in 2008 consisted of $3.3 million
of pre-tax restructuring charges partially offset by a
$2.5 million non-taxable gain on the sale of
the Netherlands subsidiary. The $3.3 million
restructuring charges consisted of $1.8 million for
severance and other costs in our International Operations
segment, $300,000 for severance costs in our U.S. Property
and Casualty segment, and $1.2 million for professional
fees incurred in connection with the internal realignment
previously discussed.
Other gains and expenses in 2007 consisted of a
$4.0 million pre-tax gain from the sale of our subrogation
services business and a $4.8 million pre-tax gain from the
sale of the land and building utilized as our former corporate
headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia.
During October 2009, we entered into an agreement to sublease a
portion of our leased Broadspire office building located in
Plantation, Florida. The agreement currently provides the
sublessor with options to sublease all or a portion of the
remainder of the building at various dates in 2010. The sublease
is for the remaining term of the lease. In February 2010, the
subtenant exercised one of its options for additional space in
the building and the sublessor may still exercise its option in
2010 for all of the remaining space. We have entered into a new
lease for our Broadspire operations in Plantation and expect to
vacate the current premises in April 2010. In connection with
our move and the subleases, we estimate moving and sublease
losses could be approximately $3.5 million in 2010. These
charges represent the loss on the sublease space and the cost of
moving from the current facility into the new facility.
Liquidity,
Capital Resources, and Financial Condition
We continue to evaluate current and forecasted economic
conditions and their potential implications for us, including,
among other things, estimating the fair value of our financial
instruments, asset impairments, liquidity, compliance with our
debt covenants, and relationships with our financing agreement
counterparties and customers.
Currently, we believe that all of our material financial assets
subject to fair value accounting have readily observable market
prices. Most of our liquid assets are invested in cash and cash
equivalents consisting of
payable-on-demand
bank deposit accounts and short-term money market funds.
However, the recent financial crisis which affected the banking
system and financial markets and the going-concern threats to
banks and other financial institutions has resulted in
significant market volatility. As a result, we intend to
continue to monitor these assets for any changes in
marketability. While we are not aware of any losses, or expected
losses, related to these bank deposits or money market funds, in
the U.S. or abroad, we cannot provide any assurances that
future market events will not materially adversely impact the
values of any such assets.
We are not aware of any additional restrictions placed on us, or
being considered to be placed on us, related to our ability to
access capital, such as borrowing against the revolving credit
portion of our Credit Agreement (defined below). We do not rely
on repurchase agreements or the commercial paper market to meet
our short-term or long-term funding needs. At December 31,
2009, we were in compliance with all of the covenants in our
Credit Agreement. The previously discussed noncash impairment
charges for goodwill and an intangible asset in 2009 did not
impact this covenant compliance. As previously disclosed and
described below, we entered into an amendment to our Credit
Agreement in the fourth quarter of 2009 in order to extend the
maturity date of the revolving credit facility and to obtain
certain additional operational and financing flexibility.
In May 2007, we entered into a three-year interest rate swap
agreement that effectively converts the LIBOR-based portion of
the interest rate under our Credit Agreement on an initial
notional amount of $175.0 million of our floating-rate debt
to a fixed rate of 5.25% ($80.0 million at
December 31, 2009). This swap expires on May 31, 2010.
In November 2009, the Company entered into a two-year
forward-starting interest rate swap agreement that is effective
beginning on June 30, 2010. The swap effectively converts
the LIBOR-based portion of the interest rate on an initial
notional amount of $90.0 million of the Company’s
floating-rate debt to a fixed rate of 3.05% plus the applicable
credit spread. The Company designated the interest rate swap as
a cash flow hedge of exposure to changes in cash flows due to
changes in interest rates on an equivalent amount of debt. The
notional amount of the swap is reduced to $85.0 million on
March 31, 2011 to match the expected repayment of the
Company’s outstanding debt. The swap expires on
September 30, 2012.
In connection with the Fifth Amendment to the Company’s
Credit Agreement, dated as of October 31, 2006, by and
among the Company, Crawford & Company International,
Inc., SunTrust Bank, as agent and a lender, and the other
lenders party thereto (as amended, the “Credit
Agreement”) executed on October 27, 2009, the May 2007
interest rate swap was discontinued as a cash flow hedge of
exposure to changes in cash flows due to changes in interest
rates. Accordingly, any future changes in the fair value of this
swap agreement will be recorded by the Company as an expense
adjustment rather than a component of the Company’s
accumulated other comprehensive loss. Such amount was not
material for the year ended December 31, 2009. The amount
in accumulated comprehensive loss at the time the hedge was
discontinued was $2,652,000 and was $1,593,000 at
December 31, 2009. Because it is still probable that the
forecasted transactions that were hedged will occur, this loss
on the interest rate swap agreement will be reclassified into
earnings as an increase to interest expense over the remaining
life of the interest rate swap agreement as the forecasted
transactions occur. Although highly unlikely, should it become
probable that the forecasted transactions will not occur, any
amount in accumulated other comprehensive loss at such time
would be reclassified as an expense adjustment.
We continue the ongoing monitoring of our customers’
ability to pay us for the services that we render to them.
However, we have not experienced recent increases in
bad-debt-related charge-offs of our accounts receivable. Based
on historical results, we currently believe there is a low
likelihood that writeoffs of our accounts receivable will have a
material impact on our financial results. However, if one or
more of our key customers files bankruptcy or otherwise becomes
unable to make required payments to us, or if overall economic
conditions continue to deteriorate, we may need to make material
provisions in the future to increase our allowance for accounts
receivable.
Our International Operations segment exposes us to foreign
currency exchange rate changes that can impact translations of
foreign-denominated assets and liabilities into
U.S. dollars and future earnings and cash flows from
transactions denominated in different currencies. Changes in the
relative values of
non-U.S. currencies
to the U.S. dollar affect our financial results. Increases
in the value of the U.S. dollar compared to the other
functional currencies in the locations in which we do business
have negatively impacted our revenues and operating earnings in
2009 compared to recent years. We can not predict the impact
that foreign currency exchanges rates may have on our future
revenues or operating earnings in our International Operations
segment.
Rising unemployment levels in the United States, particularly in
late 2008 and 2009, have resulted in an industry-wide reduction
in the number of employment-related claim referrals, such as
workers’ compensation claims. Our Broadspire segment has
been negatively impacted by this, resulting in a 12.5% decrease
in workers’ compensation claim referrals in 2009 compared
to 2008. This trend may continue or stabilize depending on
future employment levels or changes in workplace safety
guidelines, many of which are beyond our control. In addition,
we have seen a decade-long trend in the U.S. of a decline
in the number of reported injuries in the workplace, which we
attribute to the shift of the U.S. economy to
service-related industries from manufacturing-related
industries. This trend has lowered the occurrence of
workers’ compensation claims.
At December 31, 2009, our working capital balance (current
assets less current liabilities) was approximately
$66.7 million, an increase of $7.4 million from the
working capital balance at December 31, 2008. The primary
causes of this increase at December 31, 2009 were a net
reduction of $30.0 million in current liabilities, offset
partially by a $23.5 net decrease in accounts receivable
and unbilled revenues. During 2009, $15.1 million of cash
was used to fund our defined benefit pension plans in the
U.S. and U.K. Cash and cash equivalents at the end of 2009
totaled $70.4 million, decreasing $2.8 million from
$73.1 million at the end of 2008.
Cash
Provided by Operating Activities
Cash provided by operating activities decreased by
$19.9 million in 2009, from $71.6 million in 2008 to
$51.7 million in 2009. This decrease was due primarily to
lower net income, and reductions in other current liabilities
partially offset by continuing improvements in receivables
management. In 2009, we reduced the average
days-sales-outstanding in billed and unbilled accounts
receivable by nearly 3 days. The 2009 cash flow from
operations included $10.3 million in contributions to our
frozen U.S. defined benefit plan. In 2010, we plan to make
contributions of $4.3 million to our U.S. defined
contribution retirement plans, $33.5 million to our
U.S. defined benefit pension plan (including a
discretionary $10.0 million contribution which was made in
January 2010), and $8.0 million to our U.K. defined benefit
pension plans. We expect to fund these contributions with cash
provided by operating activities in 2010, which we expect to be
less than 2009 as a result. Interest payments on our debt were
$14.3 million in 2009, and tax payments, net of refunds,
were $10.3 million in 2009.
Cash provided by operating activities increased by
$47.7 million in 2008, from $23.3 million in 2007 to
$71.0 million in 2008. This increase was due primarily to
higher net income and improved receivables management, offset
partially by increased cash contributions to our underfunded
defined benefit pension plans. In 2008, we reduced the average
days-sales-outstanding in billed and unbilled accounts
receivable by 19 days. The 2008 improvement in cash flow
from operations was net of $17.4 million in additional
contributions to our frozen U.S. defined benefit pension
plan. Interest payments on our debt were $19.0 million in
2008, and tax payments, net of refunds, were $8.0 million
in 2008.
Cash Used
in Investing Activities
Cash used in investing activities increased by $3.1 million
in 2009, from $28.0 million in 2008 to $31.2 million
in 2009. Cash used to acquire property and equipment and
capitalized software, including capitalization of internal
software development costs, was $24.7 million in 2009
compared to $32.0 million in 2008. During 2009 we made cash
payments for acquisitions of $6.3 million, primarily
consisting of earnout
payments due on the 2002 acquisition of Robertson and Company
Group. We estimate our property and equipment additions in 2010,
including capitalized software, will approximate
$27.0 million.
Cash used in investing activities increased by $8.9 million
in 2008, from $19.1 million in 2007 to $28.0 million
in 2008. Cash used to acquire property and equipment and
capitalized software, including internal software development
costs, was $32.0 million in 2008 compared to
$28.1 million in 2007. Net cash proceeds from the sale of a
Netherlands business were $4.3 million in 2008.
Cash Used
in Financing Activities
Cash used in financing activities was $26.6 million in
2009. In 2009, we repaid a net of $20.7 million of short-
and long-term borrowings and incurred $4.1 million of costs
in connection with various amendments to our Credit Agreement.
Also in 2009, we used shares of our Class A common stock to
settle $1.9 million of withholding taxes owed on the
issuance of restricted and performance shares.
Cash used in financing activities was $12.8 million in
2008. In 2008, we repaid a net of $14.2 million of
short-term and long-term borrowings.
Cash used in financing activities was $17.3 million in
2007. In 2007, we repaid a net of $17.0 million of
short-term and long-term borrowings.
The Company may be required to make additional annual debt
repayments if the Company generates excess cash flows or fails
to meet certain leverage ratios as defined in the Credit
Agreement. For the year ended December 31, 2009, the
Company anticipates an excess cash flow payment of approximately
$5.9 million will be made on March 31, 2010.
Other
Matters Concerning Liquidity and Capital Resources
As a component of our Credit Agreement, we maintain a committed
$100.0 million revolving credit line with a syndication of
lenders in order to meet seasonal working capital requirements
and other financing needs that may arise. This revolving credit
line expires on October 30, 2013. As a component of this
credit line, we maintain a letter of credit facility to satisfy
certain contractual obligations. Including $19.6 million
and $19.9 million of undrawn letters of credit issued under
the letter of credit facility, the balance of our unused line of
credit totaled $80.4 million and $68.3 million at
December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Our short-term
debt obligations typically peak during the first quarter of each
year due to the annual payment of incentive compensation,
contributions to retirement plans, and certain other recurring
payments, and generally decline during the balance of the year.
At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the outstanding balances
under our revolving line of credit facility were zero and
$13.4 million, respectively. Long-term borrowings
outstanding, including current installments, totaled
$181.3 million as of December 31, 2009, compared to
$183.5 million at December 31, 2008. We have
historically used the proceeds from our long-term borrowings to
finance, among other things, business acquisitions.
As disclosed in Note 5, “Interest Rate Swap
Agreements,” to our accompanying audited consolidated
financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K,
we have three principal financial covenants in our Credit
Agreement. Of the three financial covenants contained in our
Credit Agreement, we believe the leverage ratio covenant is
potentially the most restrictive. This covenant requires us to
comply with a maximum leverage ratio, defined in our Credit
Agreement as the ratio of consolidated total funded debt to
earnings before interest expense, income taxes, depreciation,
amortization, stock-based compensation expense, and certain
other charges and expenses (“EBITDA”), of no more than
(i) 3.25 to 1.00 from December 31, 2009 through
March 31, 2011, (ii) 3.00 to 1.00 from June 30,
2011 through March 31, 2012, (iii) 2.75 to 1.00 from
June 30, 2012 through September 30, 2012 and
(iv) 2.50 to 1.00 after December 31, 2012. At
December 31, 2009, our actual leverage ratio was 2.52 to
1.00, compared to the maximum of 3.25 to 1.00 allowed by our
Credit Agreement. As noted above, the maximum allowable leverage
ratio remains at 3.25 to 1.00 for all of 2010. Based on our
financial plans, we expect to remain in compliance with all
required covenants throughout 2010. Our compliance with the
leverage ratio is particularly sensitive to changes in our
EBITDA, and if our financial plans for 2010 or other future
periods do not meet our current projections, we could fail to
remain in compliance with this or other financial covenants in
our Credit Agreement.
Our compliance with the leverage ratio covenant is also
sensitive to changes in our level of consolidated total funded
debt, as defined in our Credit Agreement. In addition to short-
and long-term borrowings, capital leases, and bank overdrafts,
among other things, consolidated total funded debt includes
letters of credit which can fluctuate based on our business
requirements. An increase in borrowings under our Credit
Agreement could negatively impact our leverage ratio, unless
those increased borrowings are offset by a corresponding
increase in our EBITDA. In addition, a reduction in EBITDA in
the future could limit our ability to utilize available credit
under the revolving credit facility contained in our Credit
Agreement, which could negatively impact our ability to fund our
current operations or make needed capital investments.
In February and October 2009, we entered into separate
amendments to our Credit Agreement. The February amendment was
undertaken to allow us to enhance certain operational and
financial aspects of our business, including, among other
things, undertaking an internal corporate realignment of certain
of our operating subsidiaries and assets. This realignment has
been completed. In addition, the amendment provided us with the
ability to repurchase and retire, from time to time through
December 2010, up to $25.0 million of our outstanding term
debt under the Credit Agreement.
The October amendment affected the following changes to the
Company’s Credit Agreement, among others:
We believe our current financial resources, together with funds
generated from operations and existing and potential borrowing
capabilities, will be sufficient to maintain our current
operations for the next 12 months. The most significant
obligation we currently have which will become due after
12 months is the repayment of our Term Loan which is
required in October 2013. We currently intend to enter into a
new credit facility by December 31, 2012. We expect that we
would use proceeds thereof to repay amounts outstanding under
the term loan and, along with funds generated from operations,
provide financial flexibility beyond 2012. No assurances can be
provided that we will be able to enter into a new credit
facility in a timely manner, or as to the terms or requirements
thereunder.
Contractual
Obligations
As of December 31, 2009, the impact that our contractual
obligations, including estimated interest payments, are expected
to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods is as
follows:
(Note references in the following table refer to the note in the
accompanying audited consolidated financial statements in
Item 8 of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K)
Operating lease obligations (Note 7)
Long-term debt, including current portions (Note 4)
Estimated interest rate swap settlements (Note 5)
Capital lease obligations (Note 4)
Total, before interest payments
Estimated interest payments for:
Term loan
Total contractual obligations
Approximately $15.0 million of operating lease obligations
included in the table above are expected to be funded by
sublessors under existing sublease agreements.
We are required to make substantial future payments on
borrowings outstanding under our Credit Agreement, which
payments will vary based on prevailing interest rates. Based on
interest rates and borrowings at December 31, 2009, the
preceding table shows estimated future interest payments over
the remaining term of the term loan and revolving credit
facility under our Credit Agreement, after considering the
impact of required minimum quarterly principal payments on the
term loan facility. The actual amounts of interest that we will
ultimately pay will likely differ from the amounts presented
above due to future changes in interest rates, which we are
unable to predict, and possibly due to any accelerated principal
payments that we may voluntarily make.
The Company may be required to make additional annual debt
repayments if the Company generates excess cash flows and fails
to meet certain leverage ratios as defined in the Credit
Agreement. For the year ended December 31, 2009, the
Company anticipates an excess cash flow payment of approximately
$5.9 million to be made on March 31, 2010.
At December 31, 2009, we had approximately
$2.9 million of unrecognized income tax benefits related to
uncertain tax positions. We cannot reasonably estimate when all
of these unrecognized income tax benefits may be settled.
However, it is reasonably possible that a reduction in the range
of $50,000 to $300,000 of unrecognized income tax benefits may
occur within the next twelve months as a result of projected
resolutions of income tax uncertainties.
Defined
Benefit Pension Funding and Cost
Future cash funding of our defined benefit pension plans will
depend largely on future investment performance, interest rates,
changes to mortality tables, and regulatory requirements.
Effective December 31, 2002, we froze our U.S. defined
benefit pension plan. The aggregate deficit in the funded status
of our defined benefit pension plans totaled $216.3 million
and $183.3 million at the end of 2009 and 2008,
respectively. The 2009 increase in the funding deficit of our
defined benefit pension plans primarily resulted from the
decline in the discount rate used to determine the present value
of the U.S. pension obligation. For 2010, we expect to make
contributions of approximately $33.5 million (including a
$10.0 discretionary contribution which was made in January 2010)
and $8.0 million to our U.S. and U.K. defined benefit
pension plans, respectively. During 2009, we made contributions
of $10.3 million and $4.8 million to our U.S. and
U.K. defined benefit pension plans, respectively.
Net periodic benefit cost (credit) for our defined benefit
pension plans totaled $15.6 million, $(787,000), and
$7.9 million in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. Net
periodic pension costs for 2010 are expected to be
approximately $11.8 million for our U.S. and U.K.
defined benefit pension plans. At December 31, 2008, we
determined that almost all plan participants in our
U.S. defined benefit pension plan are inactive as less than
3.0% are still accruing meaningful vesting service. Accordingly,
beginning in 2009 actuarial gains and losses for our
U.S. defined benefit pension plan are being amortized over
the average future lifetime of the inactive participants
(24.3 years) rather than the remaining service lives of the
active participants (7.8 years). This change in estimate
reduced net periodic pension cost by $7.1 million in 2009
and is reflected in the 2009 expected net periodic pension costs
amount as discussed above.
In 2006, the Pension Protection Act of 2006 (“PPA”)
was signed into U.S. law. The Act, among others things,
introduced new funding requirements for our frozen
U.S. defined benefit pension plan and impacts financial
reporting for these plans. The requirements of the Act were
effective for plan years beginning after December 31, 2007.
PPA was thereafter amended by the Worker, Retiree, and Employer
Recovery Act of 2008 (“WRERA”). Our frozen
U.S. defined benefit pension plan was underfunded by
$159 million at December 31, 2009 based on an
accumulated benefit obligation of $420 million. Based on
current assumptions of 5.88% for the interest rate to discount
plan liabilities and 8.50% for the expected long-term rate of
return on the plan’s assets, we estimate that we will have
to make the following annual minimum contributions over the next
eight years to our frozen U.S. defined benefit pension plan
in order to meet the funding requirements under PPA and WRERA:
Year Funded
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
The estimated annual minimum contributions in the above table
are sensitive to changes in the expected rate of return on plan
assets and the discount rate used to determine the present value
of projected benefits payable under the plan. If our assumption
for the expected return on plan assets of our U.S. defined
benefit pension plan increased by 1.00%, representing an
increase in the expected return, our estimated cumulative
minimum funding requirements for 2011 — 2017 would
decrease by approximately $11.4 million. If our assumption
for the expected return on plan assets of our U.S. defined
benefit pension plan decreased by 1.00%, representing a decrease
in the expected return, our estimated cumulative minimum funding
requirements for 2011 through 2017 would increase by
approximately $12.8 million. If our assumption for the
discount rate used to determine the present value of projected
benefits payable under the plan decreased by 1.00%, representing
a decrease in the interest rate used to value pension plan
liabilities, our estimated cumulative minimum funding
requirements for 2011 through 2017 would increase by
approximately $39.7 million. If our assumption for the
discount rate used to determine the present value of projected
benefits payable under the plan increased by 1.00%, representing
an increase in the interest rate used to value pension plan
liabilities, our estimated cumulative minimum funding
requirements for 2011 through 2017 would decrease by
approximately $33.0 million.
Commercial
Commitments
As a component of our Credit Agreement, we maintain a letter of
credit facility to satisfy certain contractual obligations. At
December 31, 2009, the total issued, but undrawn, letters
of credit totaled approximately $19.6 million. These
letters of credit expire as follows:
Standby Letters of Credit
Off-Balance
Sheet Arrangements
At December 31, 2009, we were not party to any off-balance
sheet arrangements, other than operating leases, which could
materially impact our operations, financial condition, or cash
flows. We have certain material obligations under operating
lease agreements to which we are a party. In accordance with
GAAP, these operating lease obligations and the related leased
assets are not reported on our consolidated balance sheet.
We maintain funds in trusts to administer claims for certain
clients. These funds are not available for our general operating
activities and, as such, have not been recorded in the
accompanying consolidated balance sheets. We have concluded that
we do not have material off-balance sheet financial risk related
to these funds at December 31, 2009.
Legislation enacted on November 6, 2009 contained a
provision that allowed U.S. businesses with net operating
losses (“NOL”) in 2008 or 2009 to carry those losses
back five years and obtain tax refunds. We filed a carryback
claim for our 2008 U.S. NOL and anticipate receiving a
$4.2 million tax refund in the first quarter of 2010. It is
possible that cash outlays for income taxes may exceed income
tax expense during the next three years as some deferred tax
liabilities may enter into the determination of current taxable
income.
Changes
in Financial Condition
The following addresses changes in our financial condition not
addressed elsewhere in this MD&A.
Significant changes in our consolidated balance sheet as of
December 31, 2009, compared to our consolidated balance
sheet as of December 31, 2008, are as follows:
Critical
Accounting Policies and Estimates
MD&A addresses our consolidated financial statements, which
are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation
of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and
assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities
at the date of the financial statements, and the reported
amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On
an ongoing basis, we evaluate these estimates and judgments
based upon historical experience and various other factors that
we believe are reasonable under then-existing circumstances. The
results of these evaluations form the basis for making judgments
about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not
readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ
from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
As disclosed in Note 1, “Major Accounting and
Reporting Policies,” to our accompanying audited
consolidated financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual
Report on
Form 10-K,
the financial statements of subsidiaries in our International
Operations segment, other than subsidiaries in Canada and the
Caribbean, are
included in our consolidated financial statements on a two-month
delayed basis (fiscal year end of October 31) as permitted
by GAAP, in order to provide sufficient time for accumulation of
their results.
We believe the following critical accounting policies for
revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, valuation
of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets, and other
long-lived assets, defined benefit pension plans, determination
of our effective tax rate for financial reporting purposes, and
self-insured risks require significant judgments and estimates
in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements.
Changes in these underlying estimates could potentially
materially affect consolidated results of operations, financial
position and cash flows in the period of change. Although some
variability is inherent in these estimates, the amounts provided
for are based on the best information available to us and we
believe these estimates are reasonable.
We have discussed the following critical accounting policies and
estimates with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors,
and the Audit Committee has reviewed our related disclosure in
this MD&A.
Revenue
Recognition
Our revenues are primarily comprised of claims processing or
program administration fees. Fees for professional services are
recognized as unbilled revenues at estimated collectible amounts
at the time such services are rendered. Substantially all
unbilled revenues are billed within one year.
Out-of-pocket
costs incurred in administering a claim are typically passed on
to our clients and included in our revenues for all purposes
under GAAP. Deferred revenues represent the estimated unearned
portion of fees related to future services under certain
fixed-fee service arrangements. Deferred revenues are recognized
based on the estimated rate at which the services are provided.
These rates are primarily based on an evaluation of historical
claim closing rates by major lines of coverage. Additionally,
recent claim closing rates are evaluated to ensure that current
claim closing history does not indicate a significant
deterioration or improvement in the longer-term historical
closing rates used.
Our fixed-fee service arrangements typically call for us to
handle claims on either a one- or two-year basis, or for the
lifetime of the claim. In cases where we handle a claim on a
non-lifetime basis, we typically receive an additional fee on
each anniversary date that the claim remains open. For service
arrangements where we provide services for the life of the
claim, we are only paid one fee for the life of the claim,
regardless of the ultimate duration of the claim. As a result,
our deferred revenues for claims handled for one or two years
are not as sensitive to changes in claim closing rates since the
revenues are ultimately recognized in the near future and
additional fees are generated for handling long-lived claims.
Deferred revenues for lifetime claim handling are considered
more sensitive to changes in claim closing rates since we are
obligated to handle these claims to their ultimate conclusion
with no additional fees for long-lived claims.
Based upon our historical averages, we close approximately 99%
of all cases referred to us under lifetime claim service
arrangements within five years from the date of referral. Also,
within that five-year period, the percentage of claims remaining
open in any one particular year has remained relatively
consistent from period to period. Each quarter we evaluate our
historical claim closing rates by major line of insurance
coverage and make adjustments as necessary. Any changes in
estimates are recognized in the period in which they are
determined.
As of December 31, 2009, deferred revenues related to
lifetime claim handling arrangements approximated
$61.6 million. If the rate at which we close cases changes,
the amount of revenues recognized within a period could be
affected. In addition, given the competitive environment in
which we operate, we may be unable to raise our prices to offset
the additional expense associated with handling longer-lived
claims should such case closing rates change. The change in our
first-year case closing rates over the last ten years has ranged
from a decrease of 3.4% to an increase of 1.7%, and has averaged
1.1%. A 1% change is a reasonable likely change in our estimate
based on historical data. Absent an increase in per-claim fees
from our clients, a 1% decrease in claim closing rates for
lifetime claims would have resulted in the deferral of
additional revenues of approximately $1.8 million,
$1.8 million, and $2.1 million for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. If our
average claim closing rates for lifetime claims increased by 1%,
we
would have recognized additional revenues of approximately
$1.9 million, $1.9 million, and $1.8 million for
the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007,
respectively.
Allowance
for Doubtful Accounts
We maintain allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated
losses resulting from the inability of our clients to make
required payments and adjustments to invoiced amounts. Losses
resulting from the inability of clients to make required
payments are accounted for as bad debt expense, while
adjustments to invoices are accounted for as reductions to
revenues. These allowances are established by using historical
write-off information intended to determine future loss
expectations and by considering the current credit worthiness of
our clients, any known specific collection problems, and our
assessment of current industry conditions. Actual experience may
differ significantly from historical or expected loss results.
Each quarter, we evaluate the adequacy of the assumptions used
in determining these allowances and make adjustments as
necessary. Changes in estimates are recognized in the period in
which they are determined. Historically, our estimates have been
materially accurate.
As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, our allowance for
doubtful accounts totaled $12.0 million and
$12.3 million, respectively, or approximately 7.9% and
7.3%, respectively, of gross billed receivables. If the
financial condition of our clients deteriorates, resulting in an
inability to make required payments to us, or if economic
conditions continue to deteriorate, additional allowances may be
required. If the allowance for doubtful accounts changed by 1%
of gross billed receivables, reflecting either an increase or
decrease in expected future write-offs, the impact to 2009,
2008, and 2007 consolidated pretax income would have been
approximately $1.5 million, $1.7 million, and
$2.0 million, respectively.
Valuation
of Goodwill, Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets, and Other
Long-Lived Assets
We regularly evaluate whether events and circumstances have
occurred which indicate that the carrying amounts of goodwill,
indefinite-lived intangible assets, or other long-lived assets
have been impaired. Our indefinite-lived intangible assets
consist of trade names associated with acquired businesses. Our
other long-lived assets consist primarily of property and
equipment, deferred income tax assets, capitalized software, and
amortizable intangible assets related to customer relationships
and technology. When factors indicate that such assets should be
evaluated for possible impairment, we perform an impairment
test. We believe our goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible
assets, and other long-lived assets were appropriately valued
and not impaired at December 31, 2009. As discussed below,
in 2009 we recognized pretax impairment charges totaling
$140.9 million related primarily to a goodwill impairment
charge in our Broadspire reporting unit and segment.
We perform an annual impairment analysis of goodwill in which we
compare the carrying value of our reporting units to the
estimated market value of those reporting units as determined by
discounting future projected cash flows. Based upon our
scheduled annual analyses completed in the 2009, 2008, and 2007
fourth quarters, we did not have an impairment of goodwill in
2009, 2008, or 2007. However, as discussed below, we did
recognize an impairment charge during 2009 prior to the annual
impairment analysis. The estimated market values of our
reporting units are based upon certain assumptions made by us.
The estimated market values of our reporting units are
reconciled to the Company’s market value as determined by
its stock price in order to validate the reasonableness of the
estimated market values. The reasonableness of the implied
control premium estimated from the reconciliation of the sum of
the reporting units’ fair values to the overall company
fair value is determined by evaluating it against publicly
available information about control premiums in recent
transactions. Except as discussed below, the estimated market
value of all of our reporting units significantly exceeded the
carrying values of the reporting units.
Due to declines in current and forecasted operating results for
our Broadspire reportable segment and reporting unit, the impact
that declining U.S. employment levels have had on
Broadspire’s revenue, and the weakness in our stock prices,
we recorded a noncash goodwill and intangible asset impairment
charge of $140.9 million in 2009. The $140.3 million
goodwill impairment charge is not deductible for income tax
purposes. The other intangible asset portion of the charge
relates to the value of a trade name indefinite-lived intangible
asset used in a small portion of the Broadspire reporting unit
and was $600,000 of the total charge.
These impairment charges are not reflected in Broadspire’s
segment operating loss. This impairment charge did not affect
the Company’s liquidity or cash flows and had no effect on
the Company’s compliance with the financial covenants under
its Credit Agreement.
The first step of the goodwill impairment testing and
measurement process involved estimating the fair value of the
reporting unit using an internally prepared discounted cash flow
analysis. The discount rate utilized in estimating the fair
value of Broadspire was 14%, reflecting our assessment of a
market participant’s view of the risks associated with the
projected cash flows. The terminal growth rate used in the
analysis was 3%. The results of step 1 of the process indicated
potential impairment of the goodwill balance, as the carrying
value of Broadspire exceeded its estimated fair value. As a
result, we performed step 2 of the process to quantify the
amount of the goodwill impairment. In this step, the estimated
fair value of Broadspire was allocated among its respective
assets and liabilities in order to determine an implied value of
goodwill, in a manner similar to the calculations performed in
the accounting for a business combination. The allocation
process was performed only for purposes of measuring goodwill
impairment, and not to adjust the carrying values of recognized
tangible assets or liabilities. Accordingly, no impairment
charge or carrying value adjustments were made to the basis of
any tangible asset or liability as a result of this process. We
also updated our impairment review of other intangible assets,
which identified no additional impairments at that time.
Defined
Benefit Pension Plans
We sponsor various defined benefit pension plans in the
U.S. and U.K. that cover a substantial number of employees
in each location. We utilize the services of independent
actuaries to help us estimate our pension obligations and
measure pension costs. In 2008, we began using a year-end
measurement date to determine net periodic pension costs for our
defined benefit pension plans. Our U.S. defined benefit
pension plan was frozen on December 31, 2002. Effective
January 1, 2009 we determined that almost all of the
U.S. plan participants are inactive and accordingly,
changed the amortization period for net gains and losses from
the average remaining service period of active employees
(7.8 years) to the average remaining life expectancy of the
inactive participants (24.3 years). Our U.K. defined
benefit pension plans have been closed for new employees, but
existing participants may still accrue additional limited
benefits based on salary levels existing at the close date.
Benefits payable under our U.S. defined benefit pension
plan are generally based on career compensation; however, no
additional benefits accrue on our frozen U.S. plan after
December 31, 2002. Benefits payable under the U.K. plans
are generally based on an employee’s salary at the time the
applicable plan was closed. Our funding policy is to make cash
contributions in amounts sufficient to maintain the plans on an
actuarially sound basis, but not in excess of amounts deductible
under applicable income tax regulations. Plan assets are
invested in equity securities and fixed income investments, with
a target allocation of approximately 65% in equity securities
and 35% in fixed income investments.
The major assumptions used in accounting for our
U.S. defined benefit pension plan in 2009 and 2008 were
discount rates of 6.70% and 6.46%, respectively, used to compute
net periodic benefit costs, discount rates of 5.88% and 6.70%,
respectively, used to compute benefit obligations, and an
expected long-term return on plan assets of 8.50% for both
years. The major assumptions used in accounting for our U.K.
defined benefit pension plans in 2009 and 2008 were discount
rates of 7.30% and 5.60%, respectively, used to compute net
periodic benefit costs, discount rates of 5.70% and 7.30%,
respectively, used to compute benefit obligations, and an
expected long-term return on plan assets of 8.50% for both
years. The discount rate assumptions reflect the rates at which
the benefit obligations could be effectively settled. Our
discount rates were determined based on the yield for a
portfolio of investment grade corporate bonds with maturity
dates matched to the estimated future payment of the plans’
benefit obligations. The expected long-term rates of return on
plan assets were based on the plans’ asset mix, actual
historical returns on equity securities and fixed income
investments held by the plans, and an assessment of expected
future returns. We review these assumptions at least annually.
The estimated liabilities for our defined benefit pension plans
are sensitive to changes in the underlying assumptions for the
expected rates of return on plan assets and the discount rates
used to determine the present value of projected benefits
payable under the plans. If our assumptions for the expected
returns on plan assets
of our U.S. and U.K. defined benefit pension plans changed
by 0.50%, representing either an increase or decrease in
expected returns, the impact to 2009 consolidated pretax income
would have been approximately $1.7 million. If our
assumptions for the discount rates used to determine the present
value of projected benefits payable under the plans changed by
0.25%, representing either an increase or decrease in interest
rates used to value pension plan liabilities, the impact to 2009
consolidated pretax income would have been approximately
$$609,000.
Determination
of Effective Tax Rate Used for Financial Reporting
We account for certain income and expense items differently for
financial reporting and income tax purposes. Provisions for
deferred taxes are made in recognition of these temporary
differences. The most significant differences relate to revenue
recognition, accrued compensation and pensions, self-insurance,
and depreciation and amortization.
For financial reporting purposes in accordance with the
liability method of accounting for income taxes, the provision
for income taxes is the sum of income taxes both currently
payable and deferred. Currently payable income taxes represent
the liability related to our income tax returns for the current
year, while the net deferred tax expense or benefit represents
the change in the balance of deferred tax assets or liabilities
as reported on our consolidated balance sheets that are not
related to balances in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss. The
changes in deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined
based upon changes between the basis of assets and liabilities
for financial reporting purposes and the basis of assets and
liabilities for income tax purposes, multiplied by the enacted
statutory tax rates for the year in which we estimate these
differences will reverse. We must estimate the timing of the
reversal of temporary differences, as well as whether taxable
income in future periods will be sufficient to fully recognize
any gross deferred tax assets.
Other factors which influence our effective tax rate used for
financial reporting purposes include changes in enacted
statutory tax rates, changes in the composition of taxable
income from the countries in which we operate, our ability to
utilize net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards, and
changes in unrecognized tax benefits.
Our effective tax rate, defined as our provision for income
taxes divided by income (loss) before income taxes, for
financial reporting purposes in 2009, 2008, and 2007 was 2.3%,
26.0%, and 24.8%, respectively, of taxable income. In 2009,
$140.3 million of the $140.9 million goodwill and
intangible asset impairment charges that we recorded is not
deductible for income tax purposes. In determining the following
sensitivity to changes in our effective tax rate, we are adding
this amount to our 2009 pretax loss. If our effective tax rate
used for financial reporting purposes changed by 1%, we would
have recognized an increase or decrease to income tax expense of
approximately $275,000, $438,000, and $215,000 for the years
ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. Our
effective tax rate for financial reporting purposes is expected
to range between 23.0% and 25.0% in 2010. This estimated tax
rate range reflects enacted law as well as the impact of
estimated discrete items, including the resolution of uncertain
tax positions, that may affect our tax rate in 2010.
It is possible that future changes in the tax laws of
jurisdictions in which we operate could have a significant
impact on
U.S.-based
multinational companies such as our company. At this time we
cannot predict the likelihood or details of any such changes or
their specific potential impact on our company.
Self-Insured
Risks
We self insure certain insurable risks consisting primarily of
professional liability, auto liability, employee medical,
disability, and workers’ compensation. Insurance coverage
is obtained for catastrophic property and casualty exposures,
including professional liability on a claims-made basis, and
those risks required to be insured by law or contract. Most of
these self-insured risks are in the United States. Provisions
for claims incurred under self-insured programs are made based
on our estimates of the aggregate liabilities for claims
incurred, losses that have occurred but have not been reported
to us, and the adverse developments on reported losses. These
estimated liabilities are calculated based on historical claim
payment experience, the expected life of the claims, and other
factors considered relevant to the claims. The liabilities for
claims incurred under
our self-insured workers’ compensation and employee
disability programs are discounted at the prevailing risk-free
rate for government issues of an appropriate duration. All other
self-insured liabilities are undiscounted. Each quarter we
evaluate the adequacy of the assumptions used in developing
these estimated liabilities and make adjustments as necessary.
Changes in estimates are recognized in the period in which they
are determined. Historically, our estimates have been materially
accurate.
As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, our estimated liabilities
for self-insured risks totaled $33.3 million and
$36.5 million, respectively. The estimated liability is
most sensitive to changes in the ultimate liability for a claim
and, if applicable, the interest rate used to discount the
liability. We believe our provisions for self-insured losses are
adequate to cover the expected net cost of losses incurred.
However, these provisions are estimates and amounts ultimately
settled may be significantly greater or less than the provisions
established. If the average discount rate we used to determine
the present value of our self-insured workers’ compensation
liabilities had changed by 1%, reflecting either an increase or
decrease in underlying interest rates, our estimated liabilities
for these self-insured risks at December 31, 2009 would
have been impacted by approximately $481,000, resulting in an
increase or decrease to 2009 consolidated net income of
approximately $298,000.
New
Accounting Standards
See Note 1, “Major Accounting and Reporting
Policies,” of our accompanying audited consolidated
financial statements in Item 8 of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K
for a description of recent accounting pronouncements including
the dates, or expected dates of adoption and effects, or
expected effects on our results of operations and financial
condition.
We are exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates and
foreign exchange rates. Our objective is to identify and
understand these risks and then implement strategies to manage
them. When evaluating these strategies, we evaluate the
fundamentals of each market and the underlying accounting and
business implications. To implement these strategies, we may
enter into various hedging transactions. The sensitivity
analyses we present below do not consider the effect of possible
adverse changes in the general economy, nor do they consider
additional actions we may take to mitigate our exposure to such
changes. There can be no assurance that we will manage or
continue to manage any risks in the future or that any of our
efforts will be successful.
Derivative
Instruments
We use interest rate swap agreements to manage the interest rate
characteristics on a portion of our outstanding debt. We
evaluate market conditions and the covenants contained in our
Credit Agreement in order to determine our tolerance for
potential increases in interest expense that could result from
floating interest rates. In May 2007, we entered into a
three-year interest rate swap agreement that effectively
converts the LIBOR-based portion of the interest rate under our
Credit Agreement on an initial notional amount of
$175.0 million of our floating-rate debt to a fixed rate of
5.25% ($80 million at December 31, 2009). This swap
expires on May 31, 2010. In November 2009, the Company
entered into a two-year forward-starting interest rate swap
agreement that is effective beginning on June 30, 2010. The
swap effectively converts the LIBOR-based portion of the
interest rate on an initial notional amount of
$90.0 million of the Company’s floating-rate debt to a
fixed rate of 3.05% plus the applicable credit spread. The
Company designated the interest rate swap as a cash flow hedge
of exposure to changes in cash flows due to changes in interest
rates on an equivalent amount of debt. The notional amount of
the swap is reduced to $85.0 million on March 31, 2011
to match the expected repayment of the Company’s
outstanding debt. The swap expires on September 30, 2012.
In connection with the Fifth Amendment to the Company’s
Credit Agreement executed on October 27, 2009, the May 2007
interest rate swap was discontinued as a cash flow hedge of
exposure to changes in cash flows due to changes in interest
rates. Accordingly, any future changes in the fair value of this
swap agreement
will be recorded by the Company as a nonexpense adjustment
rather than a component of the Company’s accumulated other
comprehensive loss. Such amount was not material for the year
ended December 31, 2009. The amount in accumulated
comprehensive loss at the time the hedge was discontinued was
$2,652,000 and was $1,593,000 at December 31, 2009. Because
it is still probable that the forecasted transactions that were
hedged will occur, this loss on the interest rate swap agreement
will be reclassified into earnings as an increase to interest
expense over the remaining life of the interest rate swap
agreement as the forecasted transactions occur. Although highly
unlikely, should it become probable that the forecasted
transactions will not occur, any amount in accumulated other
comprehensive loss at such time would be reclassified as a
nonexpense adjustment.
At December 31, 2009, the fair value of the interest rate
swaps was a liability of $2,067,000 and the amount expected to
be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into
earnings during the next twelve months was approximately
$2,074,000. During 2009 and 2008, the amount reclassified into
earnings as an adjustment to interest expense was $4,425,000 and
$2,542,000, respectively. The amount reclassified into earnings
in 2007 was not material.
We are exposed to counterparty credit risk for nonperformance
and, in the event of nonperformance, to market risk for changes
in interest rates. We attempt to manage exposure to counterparty
credit risk through minimum credit standards, diversification of
counterparties, and procedures to monitor concentrations of
credit risk. The Company believes there have been no material
changes in the creditworthiness of the counterparties to the
interest-rate swap agreements. For additional information
regarding our interest rate swap, see Note 1, “Major
Accounting and Reporting Policies,” to audited consolidated
financial statements under Item 8 of this annual report on
Form 10-K.
Foreign
Currency Exchange
Our International Operations segment exposes us to foreign
currency exchange rate changes that can impact translations of
foreign-denominated assets and liabilities into
U.S. dollars and future earnings and cash flows from
transactions denominated in different currencies. Revenues
before reimbursements from our International Operations segment
were 40.5%, 42.4%, and 38.6% of total revenues before
reimbursements for 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. Except
for borrowings in foreign currencies, we do not presently engage
in any hedging activities to compensate for the effect of
currency exchange rate fluctuations on the net assets or
operating results of our foreign subsidiaries.
We measure foreign currency exchange risk based on changes in
foreign currency exchange rates using a sensitivity analysis.
The sensitivity analysis measures the potential change in
earnings based on a hypothetical 10% change in currency exchange
rates. Exchange rates and currency positions as of
December 31, 2009 were used to perform the sensitivity
analysis. Such analysis indicated that a hypothetical 10% change
in foreign currency exchange rates would have increased or
decreased consolidated pretax income during 2009 by
approximately $3.2 million had the U.S. dollar
exchange rate increased or decreased relative to the currencies
to which we had exposure. When exchange rates and currency
positions as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 were used to
perform this sensitivity analysis, the analysis indicated that a
hypothetical 10% change in currency exchange rates would have
increased or decreased consolidated pretax income in 2008 and
2007 by approximately $2.7 million and $2.3 million,
respectively.
Interest
Rates
Both the term loan and the revolving credit facility under our
Credit Agreement have variable rates of interest. The revolving
credit facility has a variable interest rate for each currency
in which borrowings are denominated. These variable rates under
the revolving credit facility are based on LIBOR or other
factors set by the lenders.
We are exposed to changes in interest rates, primarily as a
result of our short-term and long-term debt. Beginning May 2007,
we use swap agreements to manage the interest rate
characteristics of a portion of our outstanding debt. Based on
the amounts and mix of our fixed and floating rate debt at
December 31, 2009 and December 31, 2008, if market
interest rates had increased or decreased an average of
100 basis points, after
considering the effect of our swap, our pre-tax interest expense
would have changed by $907,000 and $696,000, respectively. We
determined these amounts by considering the impact of the
hypothetical interest rates on our borrowing costs and interest
rate swap agreement. These analyses do not consider the effects
of changes in the level of overall economic activity that could
exist in such an environment.
Changes in the projected benefit obligations of our defined
benefit pension plans are largely dependent on changes in
prevailing interest rates used to value these obligations under
SFAS 87 as of the plans’ respective measurement dates.
If our assumptions for the discount rates used to determine the
present value of the projected benefit obligations changed by
0.25%, representing either an increase or decrease in the
discount rate, the projected benefit obligations of our
U.S. and U.K. defined benefit pension plans would have
changed by approximately $17.7 million at December 31,
2009. The impact of this change to 2009 consolidated pretax
income would have been approximately $609,000.
To the extent changes in interest rates on our variable-rate
borrowings move in the same direction as changes in the discount
rates used for our defined benefit pension plans, changes in our
interest expense on our borrowings will be offset to some degree
by changes in our defined benefit pension cost. Periodic pension
cost for our defined benefit pension plans is impacted primarily
by changes in long-term interest rates whereas interest expense
for our variable-rate borrowings is impacted more directly by
changes in short-term interest rates.
Credit
Risk Related to Performing Certain Services for Our
Clients
We process payments for claims settlements, primarily on behalf
of our self-insured clients. The liability for the settlement
cost of claims processed, which is generally pre-funded, remains
with the client. Accordingly, we do not incur significant credit
risk in the performance of these services.
Table of
Contents
For the Year Ended December 31,
Revenues from Services:
Revenues before reimbursements
Reimbursements
Total Revenues
Costs and Expenses:
Costs of services provided, before reimbursements
Reimbursements
Total costs of services
Selling, general, and administrative expenses
Corporate interest expense, net of interest income of $1,063,
$1,994, and $1,876, respectively
Goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges
Restructuring and other costs
Total Costs and Expenses
Gain on disposals of businesses
Gain on sale of assets
(Loss) Income Before Income Taxes
Provision for Income Taxes
Net (Loss) Income
Less: Net Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest
Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Crawford &
Company
(Loss) Earnings Per Share:
Basic
Diluted
Weighted-Average Shares Used For:
Basic (Loss) Earnings Per Share
Diluted (Loss) Earnings Per Share
Cash Dividends Per Share:
Class A and Class B Common Stock
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these
consolidated financial statements.
As of December 31,
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of
$11,983 and $12,341, respectively
Unbilled revenues, at estimated billable amounts
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Total Current Assets
Property and Equipment:
Property and equipment
Less accumulated depreciation
Net Property and Equipment
Other Assets:
Goodwill
Intangible assets arising from business acquisitions, net
Capitalized software costs, net
Deferred income taxes
Other noncurrent assets
Total Other Assets
TOTAL ASSETS
CRAWFORD &
COMPANY
CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ INVESTMENT
Current Liabilities:
Short-term borrowings
Accounts payable
Accrued compensation and related costs
Self-insured risks
Income taxes payable
Deferred rent
Other accrued liabilities
Deferred revenues
Mandatory company contributions due to pension plan
Current installments of long-term debt and capital leases
Total Current Liabilities
Noncurrent Liabilities:
Long-term debt and capital leases, less current installments
Accrued pension liabilities, less current mandatory contributions
Other noncurrent liabilities
Total Noncurrent Liabilities
Shareholders’ Investment:
Class A common stock, $1.00 par value,
50,000 shares authorized; 27,355 and 26,523 shares
issued and outstanding in 2009 and 2008
Class B common stock, $1.00 par value,
50,000 shares authorized; 24,697 shares issued and
outstanding in 2009 and 2008
Additional paid-in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Shareholder Investment attributable to shareholders of
Crawford & Company
Noncontrolling interests
Total Shareholders’ Investment
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ INVESTMENT
Cash Flows from Operating Activities:
Net (loss) income
Reconciliation of net income to net cash provided by operating
activities:
Goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges
Depreciation and amortization
Deferred income taxes
Stock-based compensation costs
Loss on disposals of property and equipment
Gains on sales of businesses
Gain on 2006 sale of former corporate headquarters
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of
acquisition and disposition:
Accounts receivable, net
Unbilled revenues, net
Prepaid or accrued income taxes
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
Deferred revenues
Accrued retirement costs
Prepaid expenses and other operating activities
Net cash provided by operating activities
Cash Flows from Investing Activities:
Acquisitions of property and equipment
Capitalization of software costs
Proceeds from sales of businesses
Proceeds from sale of investment security
Payments for business acquisitions, net of cash acquired
Proceeds from disposals of property and equipment
Other investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities
Cash Flows from Financing Activities:
Proceeds from employee stock-based compensation plans
Increase in short-term borrowings
Payments on short-term borrowings
Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests
Payments on long-term debt and capital leases
Capitalized loan costs
Shares used to settle withholding taxes under stock-based
compensation plans
Net cash used in financing activities
Effects of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
(Decrease) Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents
Cash and Cash Equivalents at Beginning of Year
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Year
Balance at January 1, 2007
Comprehensive income:
Net income
Currency translation adjustments, net
Accrued retirement liabilities adjustment, net of $5,556 tax
Interest-rate swap, net of $(1,410) tax
Total comprehensive income
Impact of adoption of new income tax accounting guidance
Stock-based compensation costs
Shares issued in connection with stock-based compensation plans,
net
Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests
Other equity transactions
Balance at December 31, 2007
Comprehensive loss:
Currency translations reclassed for disposal of business
Accrued retirement liabilities adjustment, net of $(46,253) tax
Interest-rate swap, net of $376 tax
Total comprehensive loss
Impact of adoption of new pension accounting guidance, net of
$48 and $277 tax
Balance at December 31, 2008
Comprehensive loss:
Net (loss) income
Currency translation adjustments, net
Accrued retirement liabilities adjustment, net of $(8,682)
tax
Interest-rate swaps, net of $1,147 tax
Total comprehensive loss
Stock-based compensation costs
Shares issued in connection with stock-based compensation
plans, net
Dividends paid to noncontrolling interests
Balance at December 31, 2009
1. Major
Accounting and Reporting Policies
Nature
of Operations and Industry Concentration
Based in Atlanta, Georgia, Crawford & Company
(www.crawfordandcompany.com) is the world’s largest
independent provider of claims management solutions to the risk
management and insurance industry as well as self-insured
entities, with a global network of more than 700 locations in 63
countries. The Crawford System of Claims
Solutionssm
offers comprehensive, integrated claims services, business
process outsourcing and consulting services for major product
lines including property and casualty claims management,
workers’ compensation claims and medical management, and
legal settlement administration. Shares of the Company’s
two classes of common stock are traded on the New York Stock
Exchange under the symbols CRDA and CRDB, respectively.
Principles
of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements were prepared
in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in
the United States (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of
the Company, its majority-owned subsidiaries, and variable
interest entities in which the Company is deemed to be the
primary beneficiary. Significant intercompany transactions are
eliminated in consolidation. The financial statements of the
Company’s international subsidiaries, other than those in
Canada and the Caribbean, are included in the Company’s
consolidated financial statements on a two-month delayed basis
(fiscal year-end of October 31) as permitted by GAAP in
order to provide sufficient time for accumulation of their
results.
The Company uses the purchase method of accounting for all
acquisitions where the Company is required to consolidate the
acquired entity into the Company’s financial statements.
Results of operations of acquired businesses are included in the
Company’s consolidated results from the acquisition date.
For variable interest entities (“VIE”), the Company
determines when it should include the assets, liabilities, and
results of operations of a VIE in its consolidated financial
statements. The Company consolidates the liabilities of its
deferred compensation plan and the related assets, which are
held in a rabbi trust and considered a VIE of the Company. At
December 31, 2009 and 2008, the liabilities of this
deferred compensation plan were $8,570,000 and $7,621,000,
respectively, and the values of the assets held in the related
rabbi trust were $13,551,000 and $12,985,000, respectively.
These assets and liabilities are included in Other Noncurrent
Assets and Other Noncurrent Liabilities on the Company’s
Consolidated Balance Sheets.
The Company has controlling ownership interests in several
entities that are not wholly-owned by the Company. The financial
results and financial positions of these controlled entities are
included in the Company’s consolidated financial
statements, for both the controlling interests and the
noncontrolling interests. The noncontrolling interests represent
the equity interests (formerly referred to as minority
interests) in these entities that are not attributable, either
directly or indirectly, to the Company. Noncontrolling interests
are reported as a separate component of the Company’s
Shareholders’ Investment. On the Company’s
Consolidated Statements of Operations, net income (or loss) is
attributed to the controlling interests and the noncontrolling
interests separately.
Accounting
Standards Codification
With the issuance of Financial Accounting Standards Board
(“FASB”) Statement No. 168, “The FASB
Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) and the
Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,” the
FASB approved its codification (the “Codification”) as
the single source of authoritative GAAP for nongovernmental
entities in the United States (“U.S.”) for interim and
annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. As a
result, on July 1, 2009, the Company adopted ASC Topic 105,
“Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,” as updated
by Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”)
No. 2009-1,
“Topic 105-Generally Accepted Accounting Principles,”
to establish the Codification as the Company’s source of
authoritative GAAP. The Codification also considers rules and
interpretive releases of the SEC under authority
of U.S. federal securities laws as additional sources of
authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. The Codification
superseded all then-existing non-SEC accounting and reporting
standards. However, at its initial effective date of
July 1, 2009, the purpose of the Codification was to
reorganize existing GAAP into a consistent and logical
structure. The Codification did not create new GAAP.
References to the superseded standards in the Company’s
consolidated financial statements have been replaced by
references to the Codification. In the Codification, ASC
referencing is in the following numerical format: XXX-YY-ZZ-PP,
where XXX represents the Topic number, YY represents the
Subtopic number, ZZ represents the Subsection number, and PP
represents the paragraph number. Subsequent standard-setting
activity will be issued in ASUs, referenced as follows: YYYY-XX,
where YYYY is the year issued and XX represents the sequential
number for each ASU issued in that year. An ASU will serve as a
transient document during the time between issuance of the ASU
and the date the new or revised guidance becomes completely
effective; once effective, the Codification will reflect all
necessary amendments for the new or revised guidance.
On August 18, 2009, the SEC issued interpretive guidance
FR-80, “Commission Guidance Regarding the Financial
Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards
Codification” (“FR-80”). With the issuance of
FR-80, the SEC formally recognized the FASB’s Codification
as the single source of authoritative U.S. accounting and
reporting standards applicable for all nongovernmental entities,
with the exception of guidance issued by the SEC.
Prior
Year Reclassifications
Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to
the current year presentation.
Management’s
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities,
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues
and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could
differ materially from those estimates.
Revenue
Recognition
The Company’s revenues are primarily comprised of claims
processing or program administration fees and are generated from
the Company’s four operating segments.
The U.S. Property & Casualty segment primarily serves
the U.S. property and casualty insurance company market
with additional services provided to the warranty and inspection
services marketplaces. The International Operations segment
primarily serves the property and casualty insurance company
markets outside of the U.S. The Broadspire segment serves
the U.S. self-insurance marketplace. The Legal Settlement
Administration segment primarily serves the securities,
bankruptcy, and other legal settlement markets.
Both the U.S. Property & Casualty segment and the
International Operations segment earn revenues by providing
field investigation and evaluation of property and casualty
claims for insurance companies. The Company’s Broadspire
segment earns revenues by providing initial loss reporting
services for their claimants, loss mitigation services such as
medical case management and vocational rehabilitation,
administration of trust funds established to pay claims, and
risk management information services. The Legal Settlement
Administration segment earns revenues by providing
administration services related to settlements of securities
cases, product liability cases, Chapter 11 bankruptcy
noticing and distribution, and other legal settlements by
identifying and qualifying class members, determining and
dispensing settlement payments, and administering the settlement
funds.
Fees for professional services are recognized in unbilled
revenues at the time such services are rendered, at estimated
collectible amounts. Substantially all unbilled revenues are
billed within one year.
Deferred revenues represent the estimated unearned portion of
fees derived from certain fixed-rate claim service agreements.
The Company’s fixed-fee service arrangements typically call
for the Company to handle claims on either a one- or two-year
basis, or for the lifetime of the claim. In cases where the
claim is handled on a non-lifetime basis, an additional fee is
typically received on each anniversary date that the claim
remains open. For service arrangements where the Company
provides services for the life of the claim, the Company only
receives one fee for the life of the claim, regardless of the
ultimate duration of the claim. Deferred revenues are recognized
based on the estimated rate at which the services are provided.
These rates are primarily based on a historical evaluation of
actual claim closing rates by major line of coverage.
In the normal course of business, the Company incurs certain
out-of-pocket
expenses that are thereafter reimbursed by the Company’s
clients. Under GAAP, these
out-of-pocket
expenses and associated reimbursements are reported as revenues
and expenses in the Company’s consolidated results of
operations. The amounts of reimbursed expenses and related
revenues offset each other in the Company’s results of
operations with no impact to its net (loss) income.
Intersegment sales are recorded at cost and are not material.
Cash
and Cash Equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and marketable
securities with original maturities of three months or less. The
fair value of cash and cash equivalents approximates carrying
value due to their short-term nature. At December 31, 2009,
time deposits with original maturities of less than three months
totaling approximately $1,425,000 were in financial institutions
outside the United States.
Accounts
Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
The Company extends credit based on an evaluation of a
client’s financial condition and, generally, collateral is
not required. Accounts receivable are typically due within
30 days and are stated on the Company’s Consolidated
Balance Sheets at amounts due from clients net of an estimated
allowance for doubtful accounts. Accounts outstanding longer
than the contractual payment terms are considered past due. The
fair value of accounts receivable approximates carrying value
due to their short-term contractual stipulations.
The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts for
estimated losses resulting primarily from the inability of
clients to make required payments and for adjustments to
invoiced amounts. Losses resulting from the inability of clients
to make required payments are accounted for as bad debt expense,
while adjustments to invoices are accounted for as reductions to
revenue. These allowances are established using historical
write-off information to project future experience and by
considering the current creditworthiness of clients, any known
specific collection problems, and an assessment of current
industry and economic conditions. Actual experience may differ
significantly from historical or expected loss results. The
Company writes off accounts receivable when they become
uncollectible, and any payments subsequently received are
accounted for as recoveries. A summary of the activities in the
allowance for doubtful accounts for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 is as follows:
Allowance for doubtful accounts, January 1
Add/ (Deduct):
Provision (credit) to bad debt expense
Write-offs, net of recoveries
Currency translation and other changes
Adjustments for acquired and disposed businesses
Allowance for doubtful accounts, December 31
For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, the
Company’s adjustments to revenues associated with client
invoice adjustments totaled $3,151,000, $4,665,000, and
$5,560,000, respectively.
Goodwill,
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets, and Other Long-Lived
Assets
Goodwill is an asset that represents the excess of the purchase
price over the fair value of the separately identifiable net
assets (tangible and intangible) acquired from business
combinations. Indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of
trade names associated with acquired businesses. Other
long-lived assets consist primarily of property and equipment,
deferred income tax assets, capitalized software, and
amortizable intangible assets related to customer relationships
and technology. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets
are not amortized, but are subject to impairment testing at
least annually.
Subsequent to a business acquisition in which goodwill was
recorded as an asset, post-acquisition accounting requires that
goodwill be tested to determine whether there has been an
impairment loss. The Company performs an impairment test of
goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets at least
annually on October 1 of each year. The Company regularly
evaluates whether events and circumstances have occurred which
indicate potential impairment of goodwill, indefinite-lived
intangible assets, or other long-lived assets. When factors
indicate that such assets should be evaluated for possible
impairment between the scheduled annual impairment tests, the
Company performs an impairment test. The Company believes its
goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets, and other
long-lived assets were appropriately valued and not impaired at
December 31, 2009.
Goodwill impairment testing is a two-step process performed on a
reporting unit basis. In step 1 of the testing process, the fair
value of each reporting unit is determined and compared to its
book value. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its
book value, goodwill is not deemed impaired. If the book value
of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the testing
proceeds to step 2. In step 2, the reporting unit’s fair
value is allocated to its assets and liabilities following
acquisition accounting procedures to determine the implied fair
value of goodwill. This hypothetical acquisition accounting
process is applied only for the purpose of determining whether
goodwill must be reduced; it is not used to adjust the book
values of other assets or liabilities. There is an impairment if
(and to the extent) the carrying value of goodwill exceeds its
implied fair value. An impairment loss reduces the recorded
goodwill and cannot subsequently be reversed.
For step 1 of goodwill impairment testing, the carrying value of
each of the Company’s reporting units is compared to the
estimated fair value of the reporting unit as determined
utilizing an income approach. The income approach is based on
projected debt-free cash flow which is discounted to the present
value using discount factors that consider the timing and risk
of the cash flows. The Company believes that this approach is
appropriate because it provides a fair value estimate based upon
the reporting unit’s expected long-term operating cash flow
performance. The discount rate used reflects the Company’s
assessment of a market participant’s view of the risks
associated with the projected cash flows. Other significant
assumptions include terminal value growth rates, terminal value
margin rates, future capital expenditures and changes in future
working capital requirements. While there are inherent
uncertainties related to these assumptions used and to
management’s application of these assumptions, the Company
believes that the income approach provides a reasonable estimate
of the fair value of its reporting units.
For impairment testing of indefinite-lived intangible assets,
the carrying value is compared to the fair value, which
represents the present value of the incremental after-tax cash
flows (excess earnings) attributable solely to the asset over
its estimated remaining useful life. Long-lived assets are
tested at an asset or asset group level that is determined to be
the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely
independent of the cash flows of other groups of assets and
liabilities.
The Company’s four operating segments are deemed to be
reporting units because the components of each operating segment
have similar economic characteristics. If changes to the
Company’s reporting structure impact the composition of the
Company’s reporting units, existing goodwill is reallocated
to the revised reporting units based on their relative fair
market values as determined by a discounted cash flow analysis.
If all of the assets and liabilities of an acquired business are
assigned to a specific reporting unit, then the
goodwill associated with that acquisition is assigned to that
reporting unit at acquisition unless another reporting unit is
also expected to benefit from the acquisition.
Property
and Equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated
depreciation. Property and equipment, including assets under
capital leases, consisted of the following at December 31,
2009 and 2008:
Land
Buildings and improvements
Furniture and fixtures
Data processing equipment
Automobiles and other
Total property and equipment
Less accumulated depreciation
Net property and equipment
Additions to property and equipment under capital leases totaled
$81,000, $208,000, and $328,000 for 2009, 2008, and 2007,
respectively. Additions to property and equipment that were
funded directly by lessors totaled $100,000 and $4,921,000 for
2009 and 2007, respectively. There were no such additions in
2008.
The Company depreciates the cost of property and equipment,
including assets recorded under capital leases, over the shorter
of the remaining lease term or the estimated useful lives of the
related assets, primarily using the straight-line method. The
estimated useful lives for property and equipment
classifications are as follows:
Classification
Automobiles
Depreciation on property and equipment, including property under
capital leases and amortization of leasehold improvements, was
$14,433,000, $14,992,000, and $14,081,000 for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
Capitalized
Software
Capitalized software reflects costs related to internally
developed or purchased software used by the Company that has
future economic benefits. Certain internal and external costs
incurred during the application stage of development are
capitalized. Costs incurred during the preliminary project and
post implementation stages, including training and maintenance
costs, are expensed as incurred. The majority of these
capitalized software costs consists of internal payroll costs
and external payments for software purchases and related
services. These capitalized software costs are amortized over
periods ranging from three to ten years, depending on the
estimated life of each software application. At least annually,
the Company evaluates capitalized software for impairment.
Amortization expense for capitalized software was $10,144,000,
$8,875,000, and $9,165,000 for the years ended December 31,
2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
Self-Insured
Risks
The Company self insures certain insurable risks consisting
primarily of professional liability, auto liability, employee
medical, disability, and workers’ compensation liability.
Insurance coverage is obtained for catastrophic property and
casualty exposures, including professional liability on a
claims-made basis, and those
risks required to be insured by law or contract. Most of these
self-insured risks are in the U.S. Provisions for claims
under the self-insured programs are made based on the
Company’s estimates of the aggregate liabilities for claims
incurred, losses that have occurred but have not been reported
to the Company, and for adverse developments on reported losses.
The estimated liabilities are calculated based on historical
claims payment experience, the expected lives of the claims, and
other factors considered relevant by management. Changes in
these estimates may occur as additional information becomes
available. The estimated liabilities for claims incurred under
the Company’s self-insured workers’ compensation and
employee disability programs are discounted at the prevailing
risk-free interest rate for U.S. government securities of
an appropriate duration. All other self-insured liabilities are
undiscounted. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, accrued
liabilities for self-insured risks totaled $33,299,000 and
$36,470,000, respectively, including current liabilities of
$18,475,000 and $17,939,000, respectively.
Defined
Benefit Pensions and Other Retirement Plans
The Company and its subsidiaries sponsor various retirement
plans. Substantially all employees in the U.S. and certain
employees outside the U.S. are covered under the
Company’s defined contribution plans. Certain employees,
retirees, and eligible dependents are also covered under the
Company’s defined benefit pension plans. A fixed number of
U.S. employees, retirees, and eligible dependents are
covered under a frozen post-retirement medical benefits plan in
the U.S. In addition, the Company sponsors nonqualified,
unfunded defined benefit pension plans for certain employees and
retirees.
The Company sponsors defined benefit pension plans in the
U.S. and U.K. Effective December 31, 2002, the Company
elected to freeze its U.S. defined benefit pension plan.
The Company’s U.K. defined benefit pension plans have also
been closed for new employees, but existing participants may
still accrue additional limited benefits based on salary amounts
in effect at the time the plan was closed.
Effective December 31, 2006, the Company adopted new
accounting guidance for the recognition and disclosure of
defined benefit pension and other postretirement plans. This
guidance requires sponsors of defined benefit pension and other
postretirement benefit plans (collectively, “postretirement
benefit plans”) to recognize the funded status of their
postretirement benefit plans in the balance sheet, measure the
fair value of plan assets and benefit obligations as of the date
of the balance sheet, and provide additional disclosures. As
permitted by the new guidance, the Company’s adoption was
in two phases. On December 31, 2006, the Company adopted
the first phase, the recognition and disclosure provisions. The
requirement to measure the fair value of plan assets and benefit
obligations as of the most recent balance sheet date, the second
phase, was effective for the Company on January 1, 2008.
Prior to 2008, the Company’s frozen U.S. defined
benefit retirement plans as well as its frozen U.S. retiree
medical benefit plan used a September 30 annual measurement
date. Under the new guidance, the September 30 early measurement
date can no longer be used and the Company became required to
instead use December 31 as its year-end measurement date
beginning in 2008. The Company’s United Kingdom
(“U.K.”) and other international defined benefit plans
already used a fiscal year-end measurement date, and thus no
measurement date changes were needed for the
non-U.S. plans.
The new guidance provided entities with two alternatives to
transition to a fiscal year-end measurement date. The Company
selected the alternative that allowed it to use the existing
early measurement date of September 30, 2007 to compute net
benefit costs for the period between October 1, 2007 and
December 31, 2008 (the
“15-month
alternative”). Net periodic benefit costs under the
15-month
period alternative were a net credit of $711,000 before income
taxes for the Company’s U.S. defined benefit pension
plan and its frozen U.S. retiree medical benefit plan.
Eighty percent of this net periodic benefit expense credit, or
approximately $569,000 credit before income taxes, was
recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of
Income as a periodic benefit cost reduction during 2008. The
remaining 20% of the benefit credit, or approximately $94,000
credit after income taxes, was credited to the Company’s
beginning retained earnings on January 1, 2008. The 2008
adoption of the second phase of the new guidance resulted in a
credit of $769,000, or approximately $492,000 net of income
taxes, to the Company’s Accumulated Other Comprehensive
Loss.
External trusts are maintained to hold assets of the
Company’s defined benefit pension plans in the
U.S. and U.K. The Company’s funding policy is to make
cash contributions in amounts sufficient to meet regulatory
funding requirements. Assets of the plans are measured at fair
value at the end of each reporting
period, but the plan assets are not recorded on the
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet. Instead, the funded
or unfunded status of the Company’s defined benefit pension
plans are recorded on the Company’s Consolidated Balance
Sheet based on the projected benefit obligations less the fair
values of the plans’ assets. See Note 9,
“Retirement Plans.”
Income
Taxes
The Company accounts for certain income and expense items
differently for financial reporting and income tax purposes.
Provisions for deferred taxes are made in recognition of these
temporary differences. The most significant differences relate
to revenue recognition, accrued compensation, pension plans,
self-insurance, and depreciation and amortization.
For financial reporting purposes, the provision for income taxes
is the sum of income taxes both currently payable and payable on
a deferred basis. Currently payable income taxes represent the
liability related to the income tax returns for the current
year, while the net deferred tax expense or benefit represents
the change in the balance of deferred income tax assets or
liabilities as reported on the Company’s Consolidated
Balance Sheets that are not related to balances in Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Loss. The changes in deferred income tax
assets and liabilities are determined based upon changes in the
differences between the basis of assets and liabilities for
financial reporting purposes and the basis of assets and
liabilities for income tax purposes, measured by the enacted
statutory tax rates in effect for the year in which the Company
estimates these differences will reverse. The Company must
estimate the timing of the reversal of temporary differences, as
well as whether taxable income in future periods will be
sufficient to fully recognize any gross deferred tax assets.
Other factors which influence the effective tax rate used for
financial reporting purposes include changes in enacted
statutory tax rates, changes in the composition of taxable
income from the countries in which the Company operates, the
ability of the Company to utilize net operating loss
carryforwards, and the Company’s accounting for any
uncertain tax positions. See Note 8, “Income
Taxes.”
Effective January 1, 2007, the Company adopted new
accounting guidance issued by the FASB to create a single model
to address accounting for uncertainty in tax positions. The new
guidance clarifies the accounting for income taxes by
prescribing a minimum recognition threshold that a tax position
must meet before being recognized in the financial statements.
The new guidance also provides guidance on derecognition,
measurement, classification, interest and penalties, accounting
in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. The adoption of
the new guidance resulted in a $214,000 charge to the
Company’s retained earnings on January 1, 2007.
Sales
and Other Taxes Assessed by Governments
In certain jurisdictions, both in the U.S. and
internationally, various governments and taxing authorities
require the Company to assess and collect sales and other taxes,
such as Value Added Taxes, on certain services that the Company
renders and bills to its customers. The majority of the
Company’s revenues are not currently subject to these types
of taxes. The Company records these government-imposed taxes on
a net basis with amounts collected related to these pass-through
taxes recorded as balance sheet transactions.
Net
(Loss) Income Attributable to Crawford & Company per
Common Share
Both classes of the Company’s common stock, Common Stock
Class A (“CRDA”) and Common Stock Class B
(“CRDB”), share equally in the Company’s earnings
for purposes of computing earnings per share (“EPS”).
Basic EPS is computed based on the weighted-average number of
total common shares outstanding during the respective period,
including nonvested shares of issued restricted stock that are
entitled to receive dividends should any dividends be declared.
Diluted EPS is computed under the “treasury stock”
method based on the weighted-average number of total common
shares outstanding, including nonvested shares of restricted
stock that are entitled to receive dividends should any
dividends be declared, plus the dilutive effect of: outstanding
stock options, estimated shares issuable under employee stock
purchase plans, and nonvested shares under the Company’s
Executive Stock Bonus Plan that vest based on service conditions
or on performance conditions that have been achieved.
The computations of basic and diluted net (loss) income
attributable to Crawford & Company per common share,
after giving effect to the adoption of ASC
260-10-45-60,
“Earnings Per Share-Overall-Other Presentation
Matters,” were as follows for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007:
Net (loss) income attributable to Crawford & Company
Weighted average common shares used to compute basic (loss)
earnings per share
Dilutive effects of stock-based compensation plans
Weighted-average common share equivalents used to compute
diluted (loss) earnings per share
Basic (loss) earnings per share
Diluted (loss) earnings per share
Foreign
Currency
Realized net gains from foreign currency transactions totaled
$2,011,000, $2,046,000, and $508,000 for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
For operations outside the U.S. that prepare financial
statements in currencies other than the U.S. dollar,
results from operations and cash flows are translated into
U.S. dollars at average exchange rates during the period,
and assets and liabilities are translated at
end-of-period
exchange rates. The resulting translation adjustments are
included in comprehensive income (loss) in the Company’s
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Investment,
Noncontrolling Interest, and Comprehensive Income (Loss), and
the accumulated translation adjustment is reported as a
component of accumulated other comprehensive loss in the
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Comprehensive
Income (Loss) and Accumulated Other Comprehensive
Loss
Comprehensive income (loss) for the Company consists of the
total of net income, foreign currency translations, the
effective portions of the Company’s interest rate swaps,
and accrued pension and retiree medical liability adjustments.
The Company reports comprehensive income (loss), net of income
taxes, in the Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’
Investment, Noncontrolling Interests, and Comprehensive Income
(Loss). Ending accumulated balances for each item in accumulated
other comprehensive loss included in the
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet and Consolidated
Statements of Shareholders’ Investment, Noncontrolling
Interests, and Comprehensive Income (Loss) were as follows:
Adjustments to retirement liabilities
Tax benefit on retirement liabilities adjustments
Adjustments to retirement liabilities, net of tax
Effective portions of interest rate swaps, net of tax
Foreign currency translation adjustments
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss
Stock-Based
Compensation
Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the fair
value recognition guidance issued by the FASB for share-based
payments, using the modified-prospective-transition method.
Under that transition method, compensation cost recognized in
2009, 2008, and 2007 included: (a) compensation cost for
all share-based payments granted prior to, but not yet vested,
as of January 1, 2006, based on the grant-date fair value,
and (b) compensation cost for all share-based payments
granted subsequent to January 1, 2006, based on the
grant-date fair value. Under the modified-prospective-transition
method, results for prior periods have not been restated. The
guidance requires the cash flows related to any tax benefits
resulting from tax deductions in excess of the compensation cost
recognized for stock-based awards (excess tax benefits) to be
classified as financing cash flows. During the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, the Company recognized
no such excess tax benefits.
Advertising
Costs
Advertising costs are expensed in the period in which the costs
are incurred. Advertising expenses were $3,121,000, $3,532,000,
and $3,275,000, respectively, for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007.
Adoption
of New Accounting Standards
The Company’s adoption of any other new accounting
standards not previously discussed in this Note 1 is
presented below.
Expanded
Disclosure for Derivative Instruments and Hedging
Activities
On January 1, 2009, the Company adopted ASC
815-10-50,
“Derivatives and Hedging-Overall-Disclosure,” which
requires expanded disclosures about an entity’s derivative
instruments and hedging activities, including requirements that
interim financial statements include certain disclosures for
derivative instruments. ASC
815-10-50
did not change any accounting requirements, but instead relates
only to disclosures. Since this new guidance relates only to
disclosures, its adoption did not have any impact on the
Company’s results of operations, financial condition, or
cash flows. See Note 5 “Interest Rate Swap
Agreements” and Note 6 “Fair Value.”
Noncontrolling
Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements
On January 1, 2009, the Company adopted ASC
810-10-65-1,
“Consolidation-Overall-Transition and Open Effective Date
Information,” which revised the classification of
noncontrolling interests in consolidated statements of financial
position and the accounting for and reporting of transactions
between the reporting entity and holders of such noncontrolling
interests. Under this new guidance, noncontrolling interests are
considered equity and the practice of classifying minority
interests within a mezzanine section of the balance sheet was
eliminated. Net (loss) income encompasses the total (loss)
income of all consolidated subsidiaries and there is separate
disclosure on the face of the statement of operations of the
attribution of that (loss) income between the controlling and
noncontrolling interests. Increases and decreases in the
noncontrolling ownership interest amounts are accounted for as
equity transactions. Any future issuance of noncontrolling
interests that causes the controlling interest to lose control
and deconsolidate a subsidiary will be accounted for by full
gain or loss recognition. Upon adoption, ASC
810-10-65-1
was applied retroactively to all previous financial statements
and increased Shareholders’ Investment on January 1,
2009 by $4,808,000. The adoption of ASC
810-10-65-1
was not material to the Company’s results of operations or
cash flows.
Business
Combinations
On January 1, 2009, the Company adopted ASC 805,
“Business Combinations.” ASC 805 changed many
well-established business combination accounting practices and
significantly affected how acquisition transactions are
reflected in the financial statements. ASC 805 changed the
accounting treatment for certain acquisition-related activities
that occur after its adoption including (a) recording
contingent consideration at the acquisition date at fair value,
(b) expensing acquisition-related costs as incurred, and
(c) expensing restructuring costs associated with the
acquired business. ASC 805 also introduced certain new
disclosure requirements. Since ASC 805 uses an expanded
definition of a business, the Company was required to evaluate
its reporting units at adoption. The adoption of ASC 805 did not
have an impact on the Company’s consolidated financial
statements. However, it could have a significant impact on the
accounting for any future acquisitions.
Share-Based
Payments As Participating Securities for EPS
Calculations
On January 1, 2009, the Company adopted ASC
260-10-45-60,
“Earnings Per Share-Overall-Other Presentation
Matters.” Under this guidance, unvested share-based payment
awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or
dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are considered
participating securities, and as such they are included in the
computation of basic earnings per share (“EPS”) using
the two-class method. Upon adoption, all prior-period EPS data
were adjusted retrospectively to conform to the provisions of
ASC
260-10-45-60.
The Company’s grants of restricted shares of its
Class A Common Stock made under its Executive Stock Bonus
Plan provide for the payment of nonforfeitable dividends, should
any be declared and paid by the Company, during any vesting
period for the restricted stock grants. As such, these unvested
restricted stock grants are now considered participating
securities and thus the two-class method of computing EPS
applies to the Company upon adoption of the new guidance. The
impact of ASC
260-10-45-60
on the Company’s basic and diluted EPS calculations for any
time period depends upon the number of unvested restricted stock
grants outstanding for the period. The adoption of this new
guidance reduced basic EPS by $0.01 for the year ended
December 31, 2008. For the year ended December 2007,
retroactive adoption of this new guidance did not change EPS
amounts from those originally reported before the adoption.
Subsequent
Events
On June 30, 2009, the Company adopted ASC 855,
“Subsequent Events.” ASC 855 provides authoritative
accounting and disclosure guidance for events occurring
subsequent to the financial statement date. Prior to ASC 855,
this subject was only addressed in the U.S. by existing
auditing standards. The guidance in ASC 855 is similar to the
existing guidance found in the auditing standards with some
exceptions that are not intended to result in significant
changes in the accounting and disclosure for subsequent events.
Measuring
Liabilities at Fair Value
On August 28, 2009, ASU
2009-05 was
issued by the FASB. ASU
2009-05
amended ASC
820-10,
“Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures-Overall,” by
providing additional guidance clarifying the measurement of
liabilities at fair value. When a quoted price in an active
market for the identical liability is not available, the
amendments in ASU
2009-05
require that the fair value of a liability be measured using one
or more of the listed valuation techniques that should maximize
the use of relevant observable inputs and minimize the use of
unobservable inputs. In addition, the amendments in ASU
2009-05
clarify that when estimating the fair value of a liability, an
entity is not required to include a separate input or adjustment
to other inputs for the
existence of a restriction that prevents the transfer of the
liability. The Company adopted the provisions of ASU
2009-05 on
October 1, 2009. Its adoption did not have a material
impact on the Company’s financial condition, results of
operations, or cash flows.
Employers’
Disclosures About Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets
ASC
715-10-50,
“Compensation-Retirement Benefits,” requires
additional disclosures about assets held in an employer’s
defined benefit pension or other postretirement plan. ASC
715-10-50
replaces many of the disclosures currently required under GAAP
and requires disclosure of the fair value of each major asset
category. Disclosure is also required for the level within the
fair value hierarchy of each major category of plan assets,
using the guidance in ASC Topic 820, “Fair Value
Measurements and Disclosures.” Employers are required to
reconcile the beginning and ending balances of plan assets with
fair values measured using significant unobservable inputs
(Level 3), separately presenting changes during the period
attributable to a) actual return on plan assets,
b) purchases, sales, and settlements (net), and
c) transfers in and out of Level 3, if any. ASC
715-10-50 is
effective beginning with the Company’s December 31,
2009 annual disclosures related to its defined benefit pension
plans. The Company’s other postretirement plans are not
funded, thus the disclosure provisions of ASC
715-10-50 do
not apply to those plans. Since ASC
715-10-50
relates only to disclosures, its adoption did not have an impact
on the Company’s results of operations, financial
condition, or cash flows. See Note 9, “Retirement
Plans.”
Pending
Adoption of New Accounting Standards
Multiple-Deliverable
Revenue Arrangements
On October 7, 2009, the FASB issued ASU
2009-13,
which will supersede certain guidance in ASC
605-25,
“Revenue Recognition-Multiple Element Arrangements,”
and will require an entity to allocate arrangement consideration
to all of its deliverables at the inception of an arrangement
based on their relative selling prices (i.e., the
relative-selling-price method). The use of the residual method
of allocation will no longer be permitted in circumstances in
which an entity recognized revenue for an arrangement with
multiple deliverables subject to ASC
605-25. ASU
2009-13 will
also require additional disclosures. The Company will adopt the
provisions of ASU
2009-13 on
January 1, 2011. Based on the Company’s current
revenue arrangements, the adoption of ASU
2009-13 is
not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s
financial condition, results of operations, or cash flows.
Variable
Interest Entities
On June 12, 2009, the FASB issued ASU
2009-17,
which amends ASC 810, “Consolidations” and other
related guidance. ASU
2009-17 will
make certain changes to the guidance used to determine when an
entity should consolidate a variable interest entity in its
consolidated financial statements. ASU
2009-17 is
effective for the Company on January 1, 2010. Based on the
current status of the entities that are evaluated under existing
guidance for consolidation in the Company’s consolidated
financial statements, the Company does not expect the adoption
of ASU
2009-17 to
have a material impact on its results of operations, financial
condition, or cash flows.
Disposition
of Netherlands Subsidiary
In 2008, the Company’s Netherlands subsidiary sold the
capital stock of one of its subsidiaries. The net cash received
from the buyer was $4,269,000, which consisted of the cash sale
price of $5,256,000, less cash of $987,000 retained in the sold
subsidiary. The nontaxable gain recognized on this disposition
was $2,512,000, including a cumulative translation adjustment of
$344,000 related to this sold entity. In connection with this
disposition, the Company derecognized goodwill of $1,437,000
from the Company’s International Operations segment and
reporting unit. The revenues and expenses of this sold
subsidiary were not material to the consolidated financial
statements of the Company or to the operating results of the
Company’s International Operations segment. Accordingly,
the Company has not reported the disposed business as
discontinued operations in its consolidated financial statements.
Acquisition
of Specialty Liability Services Ltd.
In 2006, the Company’s U.K. subsidiary acquired all of the
outstanding stock of Specialty Liability Services Ltd.
(“SLS”). The purchase price paid at acquisition was
$7,965,000, less $1,099,000 cash acquired. The results of
SLS’s operations have been included in the Company’s
consolidated financial statements since that date. SLS is a
specialist liability adjusting and claims handling company with
operations in the U.K. The net assets acquired included
amortizable intangible assets of $1,409,000, indefinite-live
intangible assets of $2,487,000, and goodwill of $2,929,000. The
purchase price was increased by $1,545,000, $888,000 and
$338,000 in 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, due to additional
acquisition costs incurred in 2007 and earnout payments in all
three years. At December 31, 2009, all contingent amounts
related to the SLS acquisition have been determined and all have
been paid with the exception of $791,000 expected to be paid in
2010. At December 31, 2009, this $791,000 is included in
Goodwill and in current Accrued Liabilities on the
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Other acquisitions made by the Company in 2009, 2008, and 2007
were not material.
The goodwill recognized, fair values of assets acquired,
liabilities assumed, and the net cash paid in 2009 and 2008
related to acquired businesses, including adjustments for prior
acquisitions, were as follows:
Goodwill acquired
For current year acquisitions:
U.S. Property & Casualty segment
Adjustments for prior years’ acquisitions:
International Operations segment
Total goodwill
Intangible assets acquired
Adjustments for prior years’ acquisitions:
Corporate
Total intangible assets
Fair values of tangible assets acquired
Earnout payment in accrued liabilities
Earnout payment paid from accrued liabilities
Cash paid, net of cash acquired
Adjustments for prior years’ acquisitions were for payments
made under earnout agreements. Included in the 2008 goodwill
adjustments of $4,949,000 for the International Operations
segment is a $4,061,000 additional earnout payment due to the
seller of Robertson & Company Group
(“Robertson”). Robertson was acquired by the
Company’s Australian subsidiary in 2002. Based on the
earnout agreement, the Company recorded a determinable earnout
payment in translated U.S. dollars of $4,061,000 in
goodwill at December 31, 2008. However, the Company was not
required to make this earnout payment until 2009, thus it was
not reflected as a use of cash in the investing section of the
Company’s Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the year
ended December 31, 2008. This accrued earnout payment was
paid to Robertson in 2009 when the translated amount in
U.S. dollars had changed to $5,106,000 at time of payment.
Goodwill
Impairment Charge in 2009
Due to declines in current and forecasted operating results for
the Company’s Broadspire segment and reporting unit, the
impact that declining U.S. employment levels have had on
Broadspire’s revenue, and the weakness in the
Company’s stock prices, the Company recorded a noncash
impairment charge of $140.3 million during 2009. This
impairment charge is not deductible for income tax purposes and
is not reflected in
Broadspire’s segment operating loss. This impairment charge
did not affect the Company’s liquidity or cash flows and
had no effect on the Company’s compliance with the
financial covenants under its credit agreement.
The first step of the goodwill impairment testing and
measurement process involved estimating the fair value of
Broadspire using an internally prepared discounted cash flow
analysis. The discount rate utilized in estimating the fair
value of Broadspire was 14%, reflecting the Company’s
assessment of a market participant’s view of the risks
associated with Broadspire’s projected cash flows. The
terminal growth rate used in the analysis was 3%. The results of
step 1 of the process indicated potential impairment of the
goodwill because the carrying value of Broadspire exceeded its
estimated fair value. As a result, the Company then performed
step 2 of the process to quantify the amount of the goodwill
impairment. In this step, the estimated fair value of Broadspire
was allocated among its respective assets and liabilities in
order to determine an implied value of goodwill, in a manner
similar to the calculations performed in the accounting for a
business combination. The allocation process was performed only
for purposes of measuring goodwill impairment, and not to adjust
the carrying values of recognized tangible assets or
liabilities. Accordingly, no impairment charge or carrying value
adjustments were made to the basis of any tangible asset or
liability as a result of this process. The fair value analysis
relied upon both Level 2 data (publicly observable data
such as market interest rates, the Company’s stock price,
the stock prices of peer companies and the capital structures of
peer companies) and Level 3 data (internal data such as the
Company’s operating and cash flow projections).
The following table shows the changes in the carrying amount of
goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008:
Balance at December 31, 2007:
Accumulated Impairment Losses
Net
2008 Activity:
Goodwill for acquired businesses
Goodwill for disposed business
Transfer of business
Foreign currency effects
Balance at December 31, 2008:
2009 Activity:
Goodwill for acquired businesses
Goodwill for disposed business
Foreign currency effects
Impairment
Balance at December 31, 2009:
Goodwill
Accumulated Impairment Losses
Net
On January 1, 2008, the Company’s Strategic Warranty
Services unit was transferred from the Legal Settlement
Administration segment to the U.S. Property &
Casualty segment. As a result of this transfer, $3,813,000 of
goodwill was reallocated from the Legal Settlement
Administration reporting unit and segment to the
U.S. Property & Casualty reporting unit and
segment.
The following is a summary of intangible assets at
December 31, 2009 and 2008:
Intangible assets subject to amortization:
December 31, 2009:
Customer Relationships
Technology-Based
Total
December 31, 2008:
Customer Relationships
Technology-Based
Total
Intangible assets not subject to amortization:
Trademarks
Trademarks
As a result of the Broadspire goodwill impairment noted above,
the Company also performed impairment tests in 2009 for its
intangible assets arising from business acquisitions. As a
result, the Company recorded a noncash intangible asset
impairment charge of $600,000 during 2009. This intangible asset
related to the value of a trade name indefinite-lived intangible
asset used in a small portion of the Broadspire reporting unit.
This impairment charge is not reflected in Broadspire’s
segment operating loss. This impairment charge did not affect
the Company’s liquidity or cash flows and had no effect on
the Company’s compliance with the financial covenants under
its credit agreement.
Amortization of intangible assets was $6,433,000, $6,464,000,
and $6,399,000 for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008,
and 2007, respectively. For the years ended December 31,
2009, 2008, and 2007, amortization expense for
customer-relationship intangible assets in the amounts of
$5,994,000,$6,025,000, and $6,025,000, respectively, were
excluded from operating earnings (see Note 12,
“Segment and Geographic Information”). Intangible
assets subject to amortization are amortized on a straight-line
basis over lives ranging from 5 to 15 years. For intangible
assets at December 31, 2009 subject to amortization, annual
estimated aggregate amortization expense is $6,433,000 for 2010
and 2011; $6,399,000 for 2012; and $6,374,000 for 2013 and 2014.
On October 31, 2006, the Company entered into a secured
credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”) with a
syndication of lenders. The Credit Agreement provides for a
maximum borrowing capacity of $310,000,000, comprised of
(i) a term loan facility (the “term loan”) with
an original principal amount of $210,000,000 and (ii) a
revolving credit facility in the principal amount of
$100,000,000 with a swingline
subfacility, a letter of credit subfacility, and a foreign
currency sublimit. The Credit Agreement has been amended five
times since October 31, 2006. All amendments to the
Company’s Credit Agreement have been accounted for as a
modification of existing debt. Amended provisions of the
original agreement and amendments that were subsequently
superseded by other amendments are not included in this note.
At December 31, 2009 and 2008, a total of $180,675,000 and
$194,618,000, respectively, was outstanding under the Credit
Agreement. In addition, undrawn commitments under letters of
credit totaling $19,569,000 and $19,870,000 were outstanding at
December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, under the letters
of credit subfacility of the Credit Agreement. These letter of
credit commitments were for the Company’s own obligations.
Including the amounts committed under the letters of credit
subfacility, the unused balance of the revolving credit portion
of the credit facility totaled $80,431,000 and $68,286,000 at
December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Short-term borrowings, including bank overdraft facilities,
totaled $32,000 and $13,366,000 at December 31, 2009 and
2008, respectively.
Long-term debt consisted of the following at December 31,
2009 and 2008:
Term loan facility, principal of $525 and interest payable
quarterly with balloon payment due October 2013
Other term loan payable to bank
Capital lease obligations
Total long-term debt and capital leases
Less: current installments
Total long-term debt and capital leases, less current
installments
The Company’s capital leases are primarily comprised of
leased automobiles with terms ranging from 24 to 60 months.
Interest expense, including any impact from the Company’s
interest rate hedge and amortization of capitalized loan
origination costs, on the Company’s short-term and
long-term borrowings was $15,229,000, $19,616,000, and
$19,202,000 for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008,
and 2007, respectively. Interest paid on the Company’s
short-term and long-term borrowings was $14,339,000,
$19,037,000, and $21,166,000 for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
At December 31, 2008, the weighted-average interest rate on
borrowings outstanding under the revolving credit facility was
9.97% and all outstanding borrowings were outside the
U.S. At December 31, 2009, no borrowings were
outstanding under the revolving credit facility. The term loan
has a variable interest rate based on LIBOR, and at
December 31, 2009 the interest rate on the term loan was
LIBOR (with a 2.0% floor) plus 3.25%, or 5.25%. See Note 5,
“Interest Rate Swap Agreements,” for more on the
Company’s effective rate of interest incurred on its
outstanding borrowings.
Scheduled principal repayments of long-term debt, including
current portions and capital leases, as of December 31,
2009 are as follows:
Long-term debt, including current portions
Total
The term loan currently requires minimum principal repayments of
$525,000 at the end of each calendar quarter with a final
balloon payment due on October 30, 2013. Outstanding
borrowings under the revolving credit facility are also due in
full on October 30, 2013. Interest is payable quarterly on
the term loan. For the revolving credit facility, interest is
payable at least quarterly. During 2009, the Company made only
the required quarterly repayments of $525,000 on the term loan.
Under the Company’s Credit Agreement, the Company may be
required to make additional annual debt repayments if the
Company generates excess cash flows and fails to meet certain
leverage ratios as defined in the Credit Agreement. For the year
ended December 31, 2009, the Company anticipates an excess
cash flow payment of approximately $5,875,000 to be paid on
March 31, 2010. This excess cash flow payment is classified
as a current liability in the above table and on the
Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31,
2009.
The Credit Agreement contains customary representations,
warranties and covenants, including covenants limiting liens,
indebtedness, guaranties, mergers and consolidations,
substantial asset sales, investments, loans, sales and
leasebacks, dividends and distributions, and certain fundamental
changes. Each of the direct and indirect domestic subsidiaries
of the Company, and certain of its foreign subsidiaries,
guarantee the obligations of the Company under the Credit
Agreement. The Company’s and the subsidiary
guarantors’ obligations under the Credit Agreement are
secured by liens on all of their respective personal property
and mortgages over certain of their owned and leased properties.
In addition, the Credit Agreement requires the Company to meet
certain financial tests.
In February 2009, the Company amended its Credit Agreement so
that it could enhance certain operational and financial aspects
of its business, including, among other things, undertaking an
internal corporate realignment of certain of the Company’s
operating subsidiaries and assets. A substantial portion of this
realignment was completed in connection with the execution of
this amendment. This corporate realignment did not impact the
composition of the Company’s four operating segments. In
addition, the amendment provides the Company with the ability to
repurchase and retire, from time to time through December 2010,
up to $25.0 million of the outstanding term debt under the
agreement.
In October 2009, the Company entered into the Fifth Amendment to
the Credit Agreement (the “Fifth Amendment”). The
Fifth Amendment affected the following changes to the
Company’s Credit Agreement, among others:
Under the Credit Agreement, the fixed charge coverage ratio,
defined as the ratio of EBITDA to total fixed charges consisting
of scheduled principal and interest payments and restricted
payments as defined in the Credit Agreement, of the Company and
its consolidated subsidiaries must not be less than 1.50 to 1.00.
The Credit Agreement also provides for the Company and its
consolidated subsidiaries to maintain a minimum net worth of at
least the sum of (i) $150,000,000 plus (ii) 50% of the
cumulative net income of the
Company and its consolidated subsidiaries after the third
quarter of 2006 plus (iii) any net proceeds from any
underwritten public offering of any capital stock of the Company.
The covenants in the Credit Agreement also place certain
restrictions on the Company’s ability to pay dividends to
shareholders, including a $4,500,000 limit in any four quarter
period if the Leverage Ratio, as defined, is less than 2.75 to
1.00 but exceeds 2.25 to 1.00, and a $12,500,000 limit on
dividend payments in any four quarter period if the leverage
ratio is less than or equal to 2.25 to 1.00.
In the event of a default by the Company under the Credit
Agreement, the lenders may terminate the commitments under the
agreement and declare any amounts then outstanding, including
all accrued interest and unpaid fees, payable immediately. For
events of default relating to insolvency, bankruptcy or
receivership, the commitments are automatically terminated and
the amounts outstanding become payable immediately.
At December 31, 2009, the Company was in compliance with
the financial covenants under the Credit Agreement. If the
Company does not meet the covenant requirements in the future,
it would be in default under the Credit Agreement. In such an
event, the Company would need to obtain a waiver of the default
or repay the outstanding indebtedness under the Credit
Agreement. If the Company could not obtain a waiver on
satisfactory terms, it could be required to renegotiate the
Credit Agreement, or obtain other financing in order to repay
all amounts due thereunder. Any such renegotiations, if
successful, or any other financing, if completed, could result
in less favorable terms, including higher interest rates,
accelerated payments, and fees. No assurance can be provided
that any necessary renegotiations or other financing
arrangements could be completed in a timely manner, or at all.
The Company manages its exposure to the impact of interest rate
changes by entering interest rate swap agreements. The Company
designates pay-fixed interest rate swaps as cash flow hedges of
interest payments on floating-rate debt. Pay-fixed swaps
effectively convert floating rate debt to fixed-rate debt. The
Company reports the effective portion of the change in fair
value of the derivative instrument as a component of its
accumulated other comprehensive loss and reclassifies that
portion into earnings in the same period during which the hedged
transaction affects earnings. The Company recognizes the
ineffective portion of the hedge, if any, in current earnings
during the period of change. Amounts that are reclassified into
earnings from accumulated other comprehensive loss and the
ineffective portion of the hedge, if any, are reported on the
same income statement line item as the original hedged item. The
Company includes the fair value of the hedge in either current
or non-current other liabilities
and/or other
assets on the balance sheet based upon the term of the hedged
item. The Company is exposed to counterparty credit risk for
nonperformance and, in the event of nonperformance, to market
risk for changes in interest rates. The Company attempts to
manage exposure to counterparty credit risk primarily by
selecting a counterparty only if it meets certain credit and
other financial standards.
In May 2007, the Company entered into a three-year interest rate
swap agreement that effectively converts the LIBOR-based portion
of the interest rate under the Company’s Credit Agreement
for a portion of its floating-rate debt to a fixed rate of
5.25%. The Company designated the interest rate swap as a cash
flow hedge of exposure to changes in cash flows due to changes
in interest rates on an equivalent amount of debt. The notional
amount of the swap is reduced over its three-year term and was
$80,000,000 at December 31, 2009.
In connection with the Fifth Amendment to the Company’s
Credit Agreement, this interest rate swap was discontinued as a
cash flow hedge of exposure to changes in cash flows due to
changes in interest rates. Accordingly, any future changes in
the fair value of this swap agreement will be recorded by the
Company as a noninterest expense adjustment rather than a
component of the Company’s accumulated other comprehensive
loss. Such amount was not material for the year ended
December 31, 2009. The pretax amount in accumulated
comprehensive loss at the time the hedge was discontinued was
$2,652,000 and was $1,593,000 at December 31, 2009. Because
it is still probable that the forecasted transactions that were
hedged will occur, this loss on the interest rate swap agreement
will be reclassified into earnings as an increase to interest
expense over the remaining life of the interest rate swap
agreement as the forecasted transactions occur. The
Company believes there have been no material changes in the
creditworthiness of the counterparty to this interest-rate swap
agreement
In November 2009, the Company entered into a two-year
forward-starting interest rate swap agreement that is effective
beginning on June 30, 2010. The swap effectively converts
the LIBOR-based portion of the interest rate on an initial
notional amount of $90,000,000 million of the
Company’s floating-rate debt to a fixed rate of 3.05% plus
the applicable credit spread. The Company designated the
interest rate swap as a cash flow hedge of exposure to changes
in cash flows due to changes in interest rates on an equivalent
amount of debt. The notional amount of the swap is reduced to
$85,000,000 on March 31, 2011 to match the expected
repayment of the Company’s outstanding debt. The Company
believes there have been no material changes in the
creditworthiness of the counterparties to this interest-rate
swap agreement.
At December 31, 2009, the fair value of the interest rate
swaps was a liability of $2,067,000 and the amount expected to
be reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss into
earnings during the next twelve months was approximately
$2,074,000.
The effective portions of the pre-tax losses on the
Company’s interest-rate swap derivative instruments are
categorized in the table below:
Cash Flow Hedging Relationship:
Interest rate hedge
Interest Rate Swap Discontinued as a Cash Flow Hedge
The amounts of gains/losses recognized in income/expense on the
Company’s interest rate hedge contract (ineffective portion
excluded from any effectiveness testing) were not material for
the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 or 2007.
The balances and changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss
related to the effective portions of the Company’s interest
rate hedges for the year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008
were as follows:
Amount in accumulated other comprehensive loss at beginning of
period for effective portion of interest rate hedge, net of tax
Loss reclassified into income, net of tax
Loss recognized during period, net of tax
Amount in accumulated other comprehensive loss at end of period
for effective portion of interest rate hedge, net of tax
The Company’s interest rate swap agreements contain a
provision providing that if the Company is in default under its
Credit Agreement (see Note 4), the Company may also be
deemed to be in default under its interest rate swap agreements.
If there was such a default, the Company could be required to
contemporaneously settle some or all of the obligations under
the interest rate swap agreements at values determined at the
time of default. At December 31, 2009, no such default
existed, and the Company had no assets posted as collateral
under its interest rate swap agreements.
The fair value hierarchy has three levels which are based on the
reliability of the inputs used to determine fair value.
Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active
markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 inputs
are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active
markets or inputs that are observable for the asset or
liability, either directly or indirectly through market
corroboration, for substantially the full term of the financial
instrument. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs based on
the Company’s assumptions used to measure assets and
liabilities at fair value. A financial asset or liability’s
classification within the hierarchy is determined based on the
lowest level input that is significant to the fair value
measurement.
The following table presents the Company’s assets and
liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis
and are categorized using the fair value hierarchy.
Assets:
Money market funds(1)
Liabilities:
Derivative designated as hedging instrument:
Interest rate swap(2)
Derivative discontinued as hedging instrument:
Fair
Value Disclosures
The fair value of accounts payable and short-term borrowings
approximates their carrying value due to the short-term maturity
of the instruments. The Company estimates the fair value of its
term note payable based on a discounted cash flow analysis based
on current borrowing rates for new debt issues with similar
credit quality. The fair value of the Company’s
variable-rate long-term debt approximates carrying value at
December 31, 2009.
The Company and its subsidiaries lease certain office space,
computer equipment, and automobiles under operating leases. For
office leases that contain scheduled rent increases or rent
concessions, the Company recognizes monthly rent expense based
on a calculated average monthly rent amount that considers the
rent increases and rent concessions over the life of the lease
term. Leasehold improvements of a capital nature that are made
to leased office space under operating leases are amortized over
the shorter of the term of the lease or the estimated useful
life of the improvement. License and maintenance costs related
to the leased vehicles
are paid by the Company. Rental expenses, net of amortization of
any incentives provided by lessors, for operating leases
consisted of the following:
Office space
Computers and equipment
Total operating leases
At December 31, 2009, future minimum payments under
non-cancelable operating leases with terms of more than
12 months were as follows: 2010 — $51,723,000;
2011 — $41,668,000; 2012 — $34,429,000;
2013 — $28,342,000; 2014 — $21,386,000; and
thereafter — $61,756,000. Where applicable, the
amounts above include sales taxes.
Significant
Operating Leases and Subleases
Effective August 1, 2006, the Company entered into an
11-year
operating lease agreement for the lease of approximately
160,000 square feet of office space in Atlanta, Georgia for
use as the Company’s corporate headquarters. Included in
the future minimum lease payments noted above are total lease
payments of $31,227,000 related to this lease. Additionally, the
Company is responsible for certain property operating expenses.
Leasehold improvements totaling $4,921,000 were funded directly
by the lessor.
On October 31, 2006, the Company acquired Broadspire
Management Services, Inc. (“BMSI”). Included in the
acquired commitments of BMSI was a long-term operating lease for
a two-building office complex in Plantation, Florida. The term
of this lease ends in December 2021. Included in the future
minimum office lease payments for operating leases noted above
are total lease payments $51,020,000 related to this Plantation,
Florida lease. A majority of this office space is subleased at
December 31, 2009. Under executed sublease arrangements at
December 31, 2009 between the Company and sublessors, as
described below, the sublessors are obligated to pay the Company
minimum sublease payments as follows:
Year Ending December 31,
2015-2021
Total minimum sublease payments to be received
One of the Plantation, Florida sublease agreements is for an
entire building and expires in March 2014. At expiration, this
sublessor has the option to renew this sublease agreement
through December 2021. Should this sublessor elect to renew the
sublease agreement, additional sublease payments from this
sublessor to the Company would be approximately $14,277,000 over
the renewal period. This additional $14,277,000 is not included
in the above table.
During October 2009, the Company entered into a separate
sublease agreement with another sublessor to sublease a portion
of the other building in Plantation, Florida. Expected subrental
payments from the sublessor for the space subleased in October
2009 are included in the above table. For the portion of the
building subleased in October 2009, the Company concurrently
recognized a pre-tax loss of $1,810,000 on that phase of the
sublease. This sublease agreement also provides the sublessor
with options to sublease all or a portion of the remainder of
the building at various dates in 2010. The subleases would be
for the remaining term of the Company’s lease on this
building (expiring December 2021).
In February 2010, the sublessor exercised one of its options for
additional space in the building, and the Company expects to
recognize a pre-tax loss of approximately $1,942,000 on that
phase of the sublease. For
the space subleased in February 2010, the Company expects to
receive approximately $9,318,000 in additional sublease payments
from the sublessor over the life of the sublease; this amount is
not included in the above table. If the sublessor exercises it
remaining option, the Company would record an additional loss of
approximately $997,000 in 2010 on that phase of the sublease,
and the Company would receive additional sublease payments of
approximately $5,323,000 over the life of the sublease (not
reflected in the above table).
Due to the subleases, in 2010 the Company plans to relocate its
Broadspire operations in Plantation, Florida to another
building. Accordingly, the Company entered into a new lease for
office space in 2010. In connection with this relocation, the
Company expects to incur moving expenses of approximately
$600,000 during the second quarter of 2010.
Income (loss) before provision for income taxes consisted of the
following:
U.S.
Foreign
(Loss) Income before taxes
The provision (benefit) for income taxes consisted of the
following:
Current:
U.S. federal and state
Foreign
Deferred:
Provision for income taxes
Net cash payments for income taxes were $10,301,000, $7,975,000,
and $2,339,000 in 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
The provision for income taxes is reconciled to the federal
statutory rate of 35% as follows:
Federal income taxes at statutory rate
State income taxes, net of federal benefit
Foreign taxes
Change in valuation allowance
Credits
Tax exempt interest income
Nondeductible meals and entertainment
Changes in tax accruals and reserves
Goodwill & intangible asset impairments
The Company does not provide for additional U.S. and
foreign income taxes on undistributed earnings of foreign
subsidiaries because they are considered to be indefinitely
reinvested. The Company’s intent is for such earnings to be
reinvested by the subsidiaries or to be repatriated only when it
would be tax effective through
the utilization of foreign tax credits. At December 31,
2009, such undistributed earnings totaled $89,001,000.
Determination of the deferred income tax liability on these
unremitted earnings is not practicable since such liability, if
any, is dependent on circumstances existing when remittance
occurs.
Deferred income taxes consisted of the following at
December 31, 2009 and 2008:
Accrued compensation
Accrued pension liabilities
Self-insured risks
Deferred revenues
Tax credit carryforwards
Net operating loss carryforwards
Gross deferred income tax assets
Accounts receivable allowance
Prepaid pension cost
Unbilled revenues
Depreciation and amortization
Tax accruals and reserves
Other post-retirement benefits
Gross deferred income tax liabilities
Net deferred income tax assets before valuation allowance
Less: valuation allowance
Net deferred income tax assets
Amounts recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets consist of
:
Current deferred income tax assets included in deferred income
tax liabilities
Current deferred income tax liabilities included in deferred
income tax liabilities
Current deferred income tax assets included in deferred income
tax assets
Current deferred income tax liabilities included in deferred
income tax assets
Long-term deferred income tax assets included in deferred income
tax assets
Long-term deferred income tax liabilities included in deferred
income tax assets
At December 31, 2009, the Company had deferred tax assets
related to net operating loss carryforwards of $19,443,000. An
estimated $9,948,000 of the deferred tax asset will not expire,
and $9,495,000 will expire over the next 20 years if not
utilized by the Company. A valuation allowance is provided when
it is deemed more-likely-than-not that some portion or all of a
deferred tax asset will not be realized. At December 31,
2009, the Company has a $9,640,000 valuation allowance related
to certain net operating loss carryforwards generated in its
international operations. The remaining net operating loss
deferred tax asset of $9,803,000 is expected to be fully
utilized by the Company.
As disclosed in Note 1, on January 1, 2007 the Company
adopted guidance which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty
in income taxes recognized in an entity’s financial
statements, and prescribes a recognition threshold and
measurement attributes for financial statement disclosure of tax
positions taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. Under
this guidance, the impact of an uncertain income tax position on
the income tax return must be recognized at the largest amount
that is more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon audit by
the relevant taxing authority. An uncertain income tax position
cannot be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of
being sustained. Additionally, this guidance addresses
derecognition, classification, interest and penalties,
accounting in interim periods, disclosure, and transition. The
adoption of this new guidance resulted in a $214,000 charge to
the Company’s retained earnings that was reported as a
cumulative effect adjustment for a change in accounting
principle at January 1, 2007.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of
unrecognized income tax benefits follows:
Balance at January 1, 2007
Additions based on tax provisions related to the current year
Additions for tax positions of prior years
Settlements
Lapses of applicable statutes of limitation
Balance at December 31, 2007
Balance at December 31, 2008
Changes in judgments or facts
Balance at December 31, 2009
The Company accrues interest and, if applicable, penalties
related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. For
the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, the
Company recorded net interest income related to unrecognized tax
benefits of $248,000, $29,000, and $397,000, respectively. Total
accrued interest expense at December 31, 2009, 2008, and
2007, was $651,000, $899,000, and $928,000, respectively.
Included in the total unrecognized tax benefits at
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 were $2,215,000,
$2,455,000, and $2,566,000, respectively, of tax benefits that,
if recognized, would affect the effective income tax rate.
The Company conducts business globally and, as a result, files
U.S. federal and various state and foreign jurisdiction
income tax returns. In the normal course of business, the
Company is subject to examination by various taxing authorities
throughout the world, including jurisdictions such as Canada,
the United Kingdom, and the United States. With few exceptions,
the Company is no longer subject to income tax examinations for
years before 2002.
It is reasonably possible that a reduction in a range of $50,000
to $300,000 of unrecognized tax benefits may occur within
12 months as a result of projected resolutions of worldwide
tax uncertainties.
Employer contributions under the Company’s defined
contribution plans are determined annually based on employee
contributions, a percentage of each covered employee’s
compensation, and years of service. The
Company’s cost for defined contribution plans totaled
$18,944,000, $25,350,000, and $21,256,000 in 2009, 2008, and
2007, respectively. During 2009, the Company temporarily
suspended Company contributions for certain defined contribution
plans in the U.S.
The Company sponsors defined benefit pension plans in the
U.S. and U.K. Effective December 31, 2002, the Company
elected to freeze its U.S. defined benefit pension plan.
The Company’s U.K. defined benefit pension plans have also
been closed for new employees, but existing participants may
still accrue additional limited benefits based on salary amounts
in effect at the time the plan was closed. Benefits payable
under the Company’s U.S defined benefit pension plan are
generally based on career compensation; however, no additional
benefits accrue on the frozen U.S. plan after
December 31, 2002. Benefits payable under the U.K. plans
are generally based on an employee’s final salary at the
time the plan was closed. Benefits paid from the U.K. plans are
also subject to adjustments for the effects of inflation. In
2010, the Company expects to make contributions of approximately
$33,500,000 to its U.S. defined benefit pension plan and
approximately $8,000,000 to its U.K. defined benefit pension
plans.
Certain other employees located in the Netherlands, Norway, and
Germany (referred to herein as the “other international
plans”) have retirement benefits that are accounted for as
defined pension benefits under U.S. GAAP.
The reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of the
projected benefit obligations and the fair value of plans’
assets for the Company’s defined benefit pension plans as
of the plans’ most recent measurement dates is as follows:
Funded
Status
Projected Benefit Obligations:
Beginning of measurement period
Service cost
Interest cost
Employee contributions
Actuarial loss (gain)
Divestiture
Benefits paid
Foreign currency effects
End of measurement period
Fair Value of Plans’ Assets:
Actual return on plans’ assets
Employer contributions
Unfunded Status
Due to the status of the plans, the accumulated benefit
obligations and the projected benefits obligations are not
materially different.
Benefit payments from supplemental pension plans during 2009 and
2008 included $309,000 and $311,000, respectively, in payments
related to unfunded plans that were paid from Company assets.
The underfunded status of the Company’s defined benefit
pension plans and post-retirement medical benefits plan
recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31
consisted of:
Long-term accrued pension liability — U.S. plan
Long-term accrued pension liability — U.K. plans
Long-term accrued pension liability — other
international plans
Pension obligations included in other noncurrent liabilities
Post-retirement medical benefits liability in self-insured risks
Mandatory Company contributions in current liabilities
Pension obligations included in current liabilities
Post-retirement medical liability included in current liabilities
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss), before income taxes
The following tables set forth the 2009 and 2008 changes in
accumulated other comprehensive loss for the Company’s
defined benefit retirement plans and post-retirement medical
benefits plan on a combined basis. For the U.S. defined
benefit pension plan and the post-retirement medical plan, the
2008 amounts in the tables below cover the fifteen month period
between October 1, 2007 and December 31, 2008.
Unrecognized actuarial (loss) gain:
Net unrecognized actuarial (loss) gain at beginning of 2008
Amortization of net loss (gain) during 2008
Net (loss) gain arising during 2008
Currency translation for 2008
Net unrecognized actuarial (loss) gain at end of 2008
Amortization of net loss (gain) during 2009
Net (loss) arising during 2009
Currency translation for 2009
Net unrecognized actuarial (loss) gain at end of 2009
Net unrecognized actuarial losses included in accumulated other
comprehensive loss and expected to be recognized in net periodic
benefit costs during the year ending December 31, 2010 for
the U.S. and U.K. plans are $9,909,000 ($6,531,000 net
of tax).
Net periodic benefit cost (credit) related to the Company’s
defined benefit pension plans recognized in the Company’s
Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 included the following
components:
Expected return on assets
Amortization of intangible asset
Amortization of actuarial loss
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)
Benefit cost for the U.S. defined benefit pension plan no
longer includes service cost since the plan is frozen.
Over the next ten years, the following benefit payments are
expected to be required to be made from the Company’s
U.S. and U.K. defined benefit pension plans:
Year
2015 — 2019
Certain assumptions used in computing the benefit obligations
and net periodic benefit cost for the U.S. and U.K. defined
benefit pension plans were as follows:
U.S. Defined Benefit Plan:
Discount rate used to compute benefit obligations
Discount rate used to compute periodic benefit cost
Expected long-term rates of return on plan’s assets
U.K. Defined Benefit Plans:
Expected long-term rates of return on plans’ assets
The discount rate assumptions reflect the rates at which the
Company believes the benefit obligations could be effectively
settled. The discount rates were determined based on the yield
for a portfolio of investment grade corporate bonds with
maturity dates matched to the estimated future payments of the
plans’ benefit obligations. The expected long-term rates of
return on plan assets were based on the plans’ asset mix,
historical returns on equity securities and fixed income
investments, and an assessment of expected future returns. Due
to the status of the plans, increases in compensation rates are
not material to the computations of benefit obligations or net
periodic benefit cost.
Plans’
Assets
The plans’ asset allocations at the respective measurement
dates, by asset category, for the Company’s U.S. and
U.K. defined benefit pension plans, were as follows:
Equity securities
Fixed income investments
Cash
Total asset allocation
U.S. Plan assets included shares of the Company’s
Class A and Class B Common Stock with a total fair
value of $6,690,000 at December 31, 2008. These shares of
the Company’s common stock were sold and removed from the
U.S. Plan’s assets in 2009.
Assets of the U.S. and U.K. plans are invested in equity
securities and fixed income investments, with a target
allocation of approximately 65% in equity securities and 35% in
fixed income investments.
Investment objectives for the Company’s U.S. and U.K.
pension plan assets are to:
The long-term goal for the U.S. and U.K. plans is to reach
fully-funded status and to maintain that status. The investment
policies recognize that the plans’ asset return
requirements and risk tolerances will change over time.
Accordingly, reallocation of the portfolios’ mix of
return-seeking assets and liability-hedging assets will be
performed as the plans’ funded status improves.
The fair value of the U.S. Plan and the U.K. Plans’
pension assets at December 31, 2009, by asset category, was
as follows:
Assets Category:
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Equity Securities:
U.S.
International
Fixed Income Securities:
TOTAL
Fixed Income Securities
A financial asset or liability’s classification within the
hierarchy is determined based on the lowest level input that is
significant to the fair value measurement.
The Company has two classes of common stock outstanding,
Class A Common Stock (“CRDA”) and Class B
Common Stock (“CRDB”). These two classes of stock have
essentially identical rights, except that shares of CRDA
generally do not have any voting rights. Under the
Company’s Articles of Incorporation, the Board of Directors
may pay higher (but not lower) cash dividends on the non-voting
CRDA than on the voting CRDB. As described in Note 11,
certain shares of CRDA are issued with restrictions under
executive compensation plans.
As disclosed in Note 4, the Company’s Credit Agreement
contains restrictions on dividends and distributions.
In April 1999, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized
a discretionary share repurchase program of an aggregate of
3,000,000 shares of CRDA and CRDB through open market
purchases. Through December 31, 2009, the Company has
reacquired 2,150,876 shares of CRDA and 143,261 shares
of CRDB at an average cost of $10.99 and $12.21 per share,
respectively. No shares have been repurchased since 2004 under
this plan.
In 2008, a maximum of 550,000 shares of CRDA were
authorized for issuance in 2009 under the Company’s Frozen
Accrued Vacation Stock Purchase Plan (the “Plan”).
Under this Plan, certain officers and employees of the Company
could voluntarily make a one-time irrevocable election to
convert accrued vacation into shares of CRDA. Accrued vacation
in the amount of $372,000 was used to purchase 54,768 (net of
28,090 shares used to fund payroll and withholding taxes)
shares of CRDA under the Plan.
The Company has various stock-based compensation plans for its
employees and members of its board of directors. Only shares of
the Company’s Class A Common Stock (“CRDA”)
are involved in these plans. The fair value of an equity award
is estimated on the grant date without regard to service or
performance conditions. The fair value is recognized as
compensation expense over the requisite service period for all
awards that vest. When recognizing compensation costs, estimates
are made for the number of awards that will vest, and subsequent
adjustments are made to reflect both changes in the number of
shares expected to vest and actual vesting. Compensation cost is
not recognized for awards that do not vest because service or
performance conditions are not satisfied. Compensation cost
recognized at any date equals at least the portion of the
grant-date value of an award that is vested at that date. For
awards granted prior to January 1, 2006 that were not
previously subject to the expense recognition provisions of
previous accounting guidance, compensation expense under the
revised accounting guidance is recognized only for the portions
of those awards that were unvested at the adoption of the
revised accounting guidance on January 1, 2006. Expense for
these awards is recognized ratably beginning January 1,
2006 over the remaining vesting period of each award.
The pretax compensation expense recognized for all stock-based
compensation plans was $5,510,000, $5,858,000 and $2,929,000 for
the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007,
respectively.
The total income tax benefit recognized in the Consolidated
Statements of Operations for stock-based compensation
arrangements was approximately $1,709,000, $1,801,000, and
$816,000 for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and
2007, respectively. Some of the Company’s stock-based
compensation awards are granted under plans which are designed
not to be taxable as compensation to the recipient based on tax
laws of the United States or the applicable country.
Accordingly, the Company does not recognize tax benefits on all
of its stock-based compensation expense.
During 2009, 2008 and 2007, the Company recognized no
adjustments to additional paid-in capital for differences
between deductions taken on its income tax returns related to
stock-based compensation plans and the related income tax
benefits previously recognized for financial reporting purposes.
Stock
Options
The Company has granted nonqualified and incentive stock options
to key employees and directors. All stock options were for
shares of CRDA. Option awards were granted with an exercise
price equal to the market price of the Company’s stock at
the date of grant. The Company’s stock option plans have
been approved by shareholders, although the Company’s Board
of Directors is authorized to make specific grants of stock
options under active plans. Employee stock options typically are
subject to graded vesting over five years (20% each year) and
have a typical life of ten years. Compensation cost for stock
options is recognized on a straight-line basis over the
requisite service period for the entire award. For awards
granted prior to January 1, 2006, compensation expense is
recognized only for the portion of the award that was unvested
on January 1, 2006. For the years ended December 31,
2009, 2008, and 2007, compensation expense of $418,000, $469,000
and $536,000, respectively, was recognized for employee stock
option awards.
Historically, stock options granted to members of the
Company’s board of directors typically were fully vested on
grant date with a typical life of ten years. For the years ended
December 31, 2008 and 2007, compensation expense of $28,000
and $248,000, respectively, was recognized for directors’
stock options.
No stock options were granted to employees or members of the
Board of Directors in 2009.
A summary of option activity as of December 31, 2009, and
changes during 2009, 2008, and 2007, is presented below:
Outstanding at December 31, 2006
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited or expired
Outstanding at December 31, 2007
Outstanding at December 31, 2008
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited or expired
Outstanding at December 31, 2009
Vested at December 31, 2009
Exercisable at December 31, 2009
The intrinsic value of all outstanding stock options at
December 31, 2009 and 2007 was zero since the per share
market price of CRDA was less than the exercise price of all
outstanding stock options. The weighted-average grant-date fair
value of stock options granted during the years ended
December 31, 2008, and 2007 was $2.55 and $2.07,
respectively. No stock options were granted in 2009. The total
intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years
ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $611,000 and $40,000,
respectively. The options exercised in 2009 had no intrinsic
value. The total fair value of stock options vesting during the
years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 was $484,000,
$365,000, and $1,100,000, respectively.
At December 31, 2009, there was $297,000 of unrecognized
compensation cost related to unvested stock options for employee
stock option awards. This cost is being recognized on a
straight-line basis and will be fully recognized by April 2011.
Directors’ stock options had no unrecognized compensation
cost since directors’ options were vested when granted and
the grant-date fair values were fully expensed on grant date.
The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant
using the Black-Scholes-Merton
option-pricing
formula, with the following weighted-average assumptions:
Expected dividend yield
Expected volatility
Risk-free interest rate
Expected term of options
The expected dividend yield used for 2007 was based on the
Company’s historical dividend yield. However, a dividend
yield of zero was used in 2008 since the Company has not paid
any cash dividends to shareholders since August 2006 and at this
time the Company cannot predict when cash dividends will resume.
The expected volatility of the price of CRDA was based on
historical realized volatility. The risk-free interest rate was
the implied yield available on U.S. Treasury zero-coupon
issues with terms equal to the expected term used in the pricing
formula. The expected term of the option took into account both
the contractual term of the option and the effects of expected
exercise behavior. No stock options were granted in 2009.
Performance-Based
Stock Grants
Key employees of the Company are eligible to earn shares of CRDA
upon the achievement of certain individual and corporate
objectives. Grants of performance shares are determined at the
discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors, or the
Board’s Compensation Committee, and are subject to graded
vesting over periods typically ranging from three to five years.
Shares are not issued until the vesting requirements have
lapsed. Dividends are not paid or accrued on unvested/unissued
shares. The grant-date fair value of a performance share grant
is based on the market value of CRDA on the date of grant,
reduced for the present value of any dividends expected to be
paid on CRDA shares but not paid to holders of unvested/unissued
performance grants. Compensation expense for each vesting
tranche in the award is recognized ratably from the service
inception date to the vesting date for each tranche.
A summary of the status of the Company’s nonvested
performance shares as of December 31, 2009, and changes in
2009, 2008, and 2007, is presented below:
Nonvested at January 1, 2007
Vesting
Forfeited or unearned
Nonvested at December 31, 2007
Nonvested at December 31, 2008
Vesting
Forfeited or unearned
Nonvested at December 31, 2009
The total fair value of the 542,063, the 1,063,754, and the
47,414 performance shares vesting in 2009, 2008, and 2007 was
$2,412,000, $4,957,000, and $250,000, respectively.
Compensation expense recognized for all performance shares
totaled $3,514,000, $4,481,000, and $1,616,000 for the years
ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
Compensation cost for these awards is net of estimated or actual
award forfeitures. As of December 31, 2009, there was an
estimated $1,914,000 of unearned compensation cost for all
nonvested performance shares. All of this unearned compensation
cost is expected to be fully recognized by the end of 2011.
Restricted
Shares
The Company’s Board of Directors may elect to issue
restricted shares of stock in lieu of, or in addition to, cash
bonus payments to certain key employees. Employees receiving
these shares have restrictions on the ability to sell the
shares. Such restrictions lapse ratably over vesting periods
ranging from several months to five years. For grants of
restricted shares, vested and unvested shares issued are
eligible to receive nonforfeitable dividends if dividends are
declared by the Company’s Board of Directors. The
grant-date fair value of a restricted share is based on the
market value of the stock on the date of grant. Compensation
cost is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite
service period since these awards only have service conditions
once granted.
A summary of the status of the Company’s nonvested
restricted shares as of December 31, 2009, and changes
during 2009, 2008, and 2007, is presented below:
Nonvested at January 1, 2007
Compensation expense recognized for all restricted shares for
the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 was
$1,080,000, $515,000, and $121,000, respectively. As of
December 31, 2009, there was $469,000 of total unearned
compensation cost related to nonvested restricted shares which
is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of
1.6 years.
Employee
Stock Purchase Plans
The Company has three employee stock purchase plans: the
U.S. Plan, the U.K. Plan, and the International Plan. The
U.S. Plan is also available to eligible employees in
Canada, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The
International Plan is for eligible employees located in certain
other countries who are not covered by the U.S. Plan or the
U.K. Plan. All plans are compensatory. The International Plan is
not yet active.
For both the U.S. and U.K. plans, the requisite service
period is the period of time over which the employees contribute
to the plans through payroll withholdings. For purposes of
recognizing compensation expense, estimates are made for the
total withholdings expected over the entire withholding period.
The market price of a share of stock at the beginning of the
withholding period is then used to estimate the total number
of shares that will be purchased using the total estimated
withholdings. Compensation cost is recognized ratably over the
withholding period.
Under the U.S. Plan, the Company is authorized to issue up
to 1,500,000 shares of CRDA to eligible employees.
Participating employees can elect to have up to $21,000 of their
eligible annual earnings withheld to purchase shares at the end
of the one-year withholding period which starts July 1 and ends
June 30. The purchase price of the stock is 85% of the
lesser of the closing price for a share of such stock on the
first day or the last day of the withholding period.
Participating employees may cease payroll withholdings during
the withholding period
and/or
request a refund of all amounts withheld before any shares are
purchased.
Since the U.S. Plan involves a look-back option, the
calculation of compensation cost is separated into two
components. The first component is calculated as 15% (the
employee discount) of a nonvested share of CRDA. The second
component involves using the Black-Scholes-Merton option-pricing
formula to value a one-year option on 85% of a share of CRDA.
This value is adjusted to reflect the effect of any estimated
dividends that the employee will not receive during the life of
the option component.
During the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, a total
of 136,874 and 135,368 shares, respectively, of CRDA were
issued under the U.S. Plan to the Company’s employees
at discounted purchase prices of $3.11 and $5.32, respectively.
At December 31, 2009, an estimated 259,000 shares will
be purchased under the U.S. Plan in 2010. During the years
ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, compensation
expense of $372,000, $270,000, and $251,000, respectively, was
recognized for the U.S. Plan.
Under the U.K. Plan, the Company is authorized to issue up to
1,000,000 shares of CRDA. Under the U.K. Plan, eligible
employees can elect to have up to £250 withheld from
payroll each month to purchase shares at the end of a three-year
withholding period. The purchase price of a share of stock is
85% of the market price of the stock at the beginning of the
withholding period. Participating employees may cease payroll
withholdings
and/or
request a refund of all amounts withheld before any shares are
purchased.
Under the U.K. Plan, the fair value of a share option is equal
to 15% (the employee discount) of the market price of a share of
CRDA at the beginning of the withholding period. No adjustment
is made to reflect the effect of any estimated dividends that
the employees will not receive during the life of the share
option since employees are credited with interest by a third
party on their withholdings during the withholding period.
At December 31, 2009, an estimated 634,000 shares will
be eligible for purchase under the U.K. Plan at the end of the
current withholding periods. This estimate is subject to change
based on future fluctuations in the value of the British pound
against the U.S. dollar, future changes in the market price
of CRDA, and future employee participation rates. The discounted
purchase price for a share of the Company’s Class A
Common Stock under the U.K. Plan ranges from $3.56 to $5.05, and
based on the price of CRDA at December 31, 2009, no shares
will be purchased at the end of the current withholding periods.
For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007,
compensation cost of $124,000, $94,000, and $157,000,
respectively, was recognized for the U.K. Plan. During 2009 and
2008, a total of 2,478 shares and 3,568 shares,
respectively, of CRDA were issued under the U.K. Plan. No shares
were issued under this plan in 2007.
Under the International Employee Stock Purchase Plan approved in
2009, up to 1,000,000 shares of CRDA may be issued. As of
December 31, 2009, no employees were participating in this
plan.
12.
Segment and Geographic Information
The Company’s four reportable operating segments are
organized based upon the nature of services
and/or
geographic areas served and include:
U.S. Property & Casualty which serves the
U.S. property and casualty insurance company market,
International Operations which serves the property and casualty
insurance company markets outside of the U.S., Broadspire which
serves the U.S. self-insurance marketplace, and Legal
Settlement Administration which serves the securities,
bankruptcy, and other legal settlement markets. The
Company’s four reportable segments represent components of
the business for which separate financial information is
available that is evaluated regularly by the chief operating
decision maker in deciding how to allocate resources and in
assessing performance. Intersegment sales are recorded at cost
and are not material.
Operating earnings is the primary financial performance measure
used by the Company’s senior management and chief operating
decision maker to evaluate the financial performance of the
Company’s four operating segments. The Company believes
this measure is useful to investors in that it allows investors
to evaluate segment operating performance using the same
criteria used by the Company’s senior management. Operating
earnings will differ from net income computed in accordance with
GAAP since operating earnings exclude income tax expense, net
corporate interest expense, amortization of
customer-relationship intangible assets, stock option expense,
certain other gains and expenses, and certain unallocated
corporate and shared costs. Net income or loss attributable to
noncontrolling interests has been removed from segment operating
earnings.
Segment operating earnings include allocations of certain
corporate overhead and shared costs. If the Company changes its
allocation methods or changes the types of costs that are
allocated to its four operating segments, prior periods are
adjusted to reflect the current allocation process.
In the normal course of its business, the Company sometimes pays
for certain
out-of-pocket
expenses that are reimbursed by its clients. Under GAAP, these
out-of-pocket
expenses and associated reimbursements are reported as revenues
and expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Statement of
Operations. However, in evaluating segment revenues, Company
management excludes these reimbursements from segment revenues.
On January 1, 2008, the Company’s Strategic Warranty
Services unit was transferred from the Legal Settlement
Administration segment to the U.S. Property &
Casualty segment. Prior period amounts for both segments have
been restated to reflect this transfer.
Financial information as of and for the years ended
December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 covering the
Company’s reportable segments was as follows:
2009
Revenues before reimbursements
Operating earnings (loss)
Depreciation and amortization(1)
Assets
2008
Revenues before reimbursements
Operating earnings
Depreciation and amortization(1)
Assets
2007
Substantially all revenues earned in the
U.S. Property & Casualty, Broadspire, and Legal
Settlement Administration segments are earned in the
U.S. Substantially all of the revenues earned in the
International Operations segment are earned outside of the U.S.
Revenue by major service line for the
U.S. Property & Casualty and Broadspire segments
is shown in the following table. It is not practicable to
provide revenue by service line for the International Operations
segment. Legal Settlement Administration considers all of its
revenue to be derived from one service line.
U.S. Property & Casualty
Catastrophe
Tech Services
Broadspire
Claim Services
Medical Management
Risk Management Services
Capital expenditures for the years ended December 31, 2009
and 2008 are shown in the following table:
Corporate
Total capital expenditures
The total of the Company’s reportable segments’
revenues reconciled to total consolidated revenues for the years
ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 was as follows:
Segments’ revenues before reimbursements
Reimbursements
Total consolidated revenues
The Company’s reportable segments’ total operating
earnings reconciled to consolidated income (loss) before income
taxes for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007
were as follows:
Operating earnings of all reportable segments
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests
Unallocated corporate/shared costs and credits, net
Goodwill and intangible asset impairment Charges
Net corporate interest expense
Amortization of customer-relationship intangibles
Stock option expense
Other gains and expenses, net
(Loss) Income before income taxes
The Company’s reportable segments’ total assets
reconciled to consolidated total assets of the Company at
December 31, 2009 and 2008 are presented in the following
table. All foreign-denominated cash and cash equivalents are
reported within the International Operations segment, while all
U.S. cash and cash equivalents are reported as corporate
assets in the following table:
Assets of reportable segments
Corporate assets:
Unallocated allowances on receivables
Assets of deferred compensation plan
Capitalized loan costs
Deferred tax asset
Prepaid assets and other current assets
Other non current assets
Total corporate assets
Total assets
The Company’s most significant international operations are
in the U.K. and Canada, as presented in the following table:
Long-lived assets
Long-lived assets
Substantially all international revenues were derived from the
insurance company market.
13.
Client Funds
The Company maintains funds in custodial accounts at financial
institutions to administer claims for certain clients. These
funds are not available for the Company’s general operating
activities and, as such, have not been recorded in the
accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. The amount of these
funds totaled $242,334,000 and $246,280,000 at December 31,
2009 and 2008, respectively. In addition, the Company’s
Legal Settlement Administration segment administers funds in
noncustodial accounts at financial institutions that totaled
$578,821,000 and $1,010,593,000 at December 31, 2009 and
2008, respectively.
14.
Contingencies
As part of the Company’s Credit Agreement, the Company
maintains a letter of credit facility to satisfy certain of its
own contractual requirements. At December 31, 2009, the
aggregate amount committed under the facility was $19,569,000.
In the normal course of the claims administration services
business, the Company is sometimes named as a defendant in suits
by insureds or claimants contesting decisions made by the
Company or its clients with respect to the settlement of claims.
Additionally, certain clients of the Company have brought
actions for indemnification on the basis of alleged negligence
by the Company, its agents, or its employees in rendering
service to clients. The majority of these claims are of the type
covered by insurance maintained by the Company. However, the
Company is responsible for the deductibles and self-insured
retentions under various insurance coverages. In the opinion of
Company management, adequate provisions have been made for such
risks.
The Company is subject to numerous federal, state, and foreign
employment laws, and from time to time the Company faces claims
by its employees and former employees under such laws. In
addition, the Company has become aware that certain employers
are becoming subject to an increasing number of claims involving
alleged violations of wage and hour laws. The outcome of any of
these allegations is expected to be highly fact specific, and
there has been a substantial amount of recent legislative and
judicial activity pertaining to employment-related issues. Such
claims or litigation involving the Company or any of the
Company’s current or former employees could divert
management’s time and attention from the Company’s
business operations and could potentially result in substantial
costs of defense, settlement or other disposition, which could
have a material adverse effect on the Company’s results of
operations, financial position, and cash flows.
As previously disclosed, on October 31, 2006, the Company
completed its acquisition of BMSI from Platinum Equity, LLC
(“Platinum”). BMSI and Platinum are together engaged
in certain legal proceedings against the former owners of
certain entities acquired by BMSI prior to the Company’s
acquisition of BMSI. Pursuant to the agreement under which the
Company acquired BMSI (the “Stock Purchase
Agreement”), Platinum has full responsibility to resolve
all of these matters and is obligated to fully indemnify BMSI
and the Company for all monetary payments that BMSI may be
required to make as a result of any unfavorable outcomes related
to these pre-existing legal proceedings. Pursuant thereto,
Platinum has also agreed to indemnify the Company for any
additional payments required under any purchase price adjustment
mechanism, earnout, or similar provision in any of BMSI’s
purchase and sale agreements entered into prior to the
Company’s acquisition of BMSI. In the event of an
unfavorable outcome in which Platinum does not indemnify the
Company under the terms of the Stock Purchase Agreement, the
Company may be responsible for funding any such unfavorable
outcomes. At this time, the Company’s management does not
believe the Company will be responsible for the funding of any
of these matters. The Company has not recognized any loss
contingencies for these matters in its consolidated financial
statements.
Separately, the Company and Platinum have agreed to arbitration
regarding the application of the purchase price adjustment
mechanism contained in the Stock Purchase Agreement. The Company
has received a notice from Platinum which disputes the
Purchaser’s Statement (as defined in the Stock Purchase
Agreement) delivered by the Company to Platinum and also asserts
that Platinum is owed a certain amount thereunder. The Company
is contesting this notice and has asserted its belief that it is
owed a certain amount thereunder. At the present time, the
Company is unable to determine any possible outcome of this
dispute. Because all of the goodwill in the Broadspire segment
is impaired, as disclosed in Note 2, “Goodwill and
Intangible Assets,” any required payment or recovery will
result in a nontaxable charge or credit to the Company’s
results of operations.
In 2003, BMSI acquired NATLSCO, Inc. from a wholly-owned
subsidiary of Lumberman Mutual Casualty Company
(“LMC”). BMSI assumed certain obligations to service
and administer a population of claims outstanding at the 2003
acquisition date. Liquidity to support these casualty claims
operations for the foreseeable future was provided by cash
infused by LMC at the 2003 acquisition date, and a receivable
held in trust, which has and will continue to be distributed to
BMSI in accordance with a trust agreement through August 2012.
Broadspire received total distributions from this trust of
$2,272,000 during 2009, $4,693,000 during 2008, and $7,569,000
during 2007. The Company believes that the funds that have been
and will be received from LMC and the trust are sufficient to at
least cover the actual costs that Broadspire will incur over the
next several years to service and administer this population of
claims through closure. Broadspire’s revenues from LMC
totaled $9,071,000 for 2009, $10,710,000 for 2008, and
$13,474,000 for 2007. Accounts
receivable from LMC included in accounts receivable in the
Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheet were approximately
$955,000 and $2,129,000 at December 31, 2009 and 2008,
respectively.
15. Sale
of the Former Corporate Headquarters and Recognition of Deferred
Gain
On June 30, 2006, the Company sold the land and building
utilized as its former corporate headquarters in Atlanta,
Georgia. These assets had a net carrying amount of $2,842,000.
The base sale price of $8,000,000 was received in cash at
closing. Also on June 30, 2006, the Company entered into a
12-month
leaseback agreement for these same facilities. During the second
quarter of 2007, the company relocated its corporate
headquarters to nearby leased facilities. The Company deferred
recognition of the gain related to this sale due to its
leaseback of the facility. Net of transaction costs, a pretax
gain of $4,844,000 was recognized by the Company upon the
expiration of the leaseback agreement during the second quarter
of 2007.
Under the sale agreement, the $8,000,000 base sale price is
subject to upward revision depending upon the buyer’s
ability to subsequently redevelop the property. The gain of
$4,844,000 was based on the base sale price and did not include
any amount for the potential upward revision of the sale price.
Should such revision subsequently occur, the Company could
ultimately realize a larger gain.
16. Restructuring
Activities and Other Charges
In 2009, the Company recorded pretax restructuring and other
costs that totaled $4,059,000. Included in the 2009
restructuring costs were $1,815,000 in professional fees related
to the internal realignment of certain of our legal entities in
the U.S. and internationally that commenced in 2008, and
$434,000 in severance expense in our International Operations
segment. These restructuring efforts were substantially
completed at December 31, 2009. The internal realignment
did not impact the composition of our segments for financial
reporting purposes. Other costs of $1,810,000 in 2009 related to
the partial sublease of our Broadspire facility in Plantation,
Florida (see Note 7, “Commitments Under Operating
Leases”).
In 2008, the Company recorded a pretax restructuring charge of
$3,300,000. The charge consisted of $1,825,000 for severance and
other costs in our International Operations segment, $300,000
for severance costs in our U.S. Property and Casualty
segment, and $1,175,000 for professional fees incurred in
connection with an internal restructuring of certain of the
Company’s legal entities in the U.S. and
internationally.
The management of Crawford & Company is responsible
for the integrity and objectivity of the financial information
in this Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
The consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States, using informed judgements and estimates where
appropriate.
The Company maintains a system of internal accounting policies,
procedures, and controls designed to provide reasonable, but not
absolute, assurance that assets are safeguarded and transactions
are executed and recorded in accordance with management’s
authorization. The internal accounting control system is
augmented by a program of internal audits and reviews by
management, written policies and guidelines, and the careful
selection and training of qualified personnel. Management
believes it maintains an effective system of internal accounting
controls.
The Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, comprised solely
of outside directors, is responsible for monitoring the
Company’s accounting and reporting practices. The Audit
Committee meets regularly with management, the internal
auditors, and the independent auditors to review the work of
each and to assure that each performs its responsibilities. The
independent registered public accounting firm, Ernst &
Young LLP, was selected by the Audit Committee of the Board of
Directors and approved by shareholder vote. Both the internal
auditors and Ernst & Young LLP have unrestricted
access to the Audit Committee allowing open discussion, without
management present, on the quality of financial reporting and
the adequacy of accounting, disclosure and financial reporting
controls.
/s/ Jeffrey
T. Bowman
Jeffrey T. Bowman
President and
Chief Executive Officer
/s/ W.
Bruce Swain, Jr.
W. Bruce Swain, Jr.
Executive Vice President
and Chief Financial Officer
/s/ W.
Forrest Bell
W. Forrest Bell
Vice President, Corporate
Controller, and Chief
Accounting Officer
March 5, 2010
The management of Crawford & Company is responsible
for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over
financial reporting as defined in
Rules 13a-15(f)
and
15d-15(f)
under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. The Company’s
internal control over financial reporting is a process designed
to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles. The Company’s internal control over
financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
(i) pertain to maintenance of records that, in reasonable
detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and
disposition of the Company’s assets;
(ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are
recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company
are made only in accordance with authorizations of the
Company’s management and directors; and
(iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or
timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition
of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect
on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over
financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future
periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree
of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2009. In making this assessment, management
used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal
Control-Integrated Framework. Based on this assessment,
management determined that the Company maintained effective
internal control over financial reporting as of
December 31, 2009.
The Company’s independent registered public accounting
firm, Ernst & Young LLP is appointed by the Audit
Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors, subject to
ratification by our Company’s shareholders.
Ernst & Young LLP has audited and reported on the
consolidated financial statements of Crawford &
Company and the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting. The reports of Ernst & Young LLP are
contained in Item 8 of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Crawford &
Company
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
Crawford & Company as of December 31, 2009 and
2008 and the related consolidated statements of operations,
shareholders’ investment, noncontrolling interests and
comprehensive income (loss), and cash flows for each of the
three years in the period ended December 31, 2009. These
financial statements are the responsibility of the
Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are
free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in
the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated
financial position of Crawford & Company at
December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the consolidated results of
its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in
the period ended December 31, 2009, in conformity with
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
As discussed in Note 1 to the consolidated financial
statements, in 2009 the Company adopted Financial Accounting
Standards Board No. 160, Noncontrolling Interests in
Consolidated Financial Statements (codified in FASB
Accounting Standards Codification ASC 810, Consolidation)
and FASB Staff Position
No. EITF 03-6-1,
Determining Whether Instruments Granted in Share-Based
Payment Transactions Are Participating Securities (codified
in FASB Accounting Standards Codification ASC 260, Earnings
Per Share). Also, as discussed in Note 1, in 2008 the
Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board
No. 157, Fair Value Measurements (codified in FASB
Accounting Standards Codification ASC 820, Fair Value
Measurements and Disclosures) and in 2007 the Company
adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation
No. 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes
(codified in FASB Accounting Standards Codification ASC 740,
Income Taxes).
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States),
Crawford & Company’s internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on
criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the
Treadway Commission and our report dated March 5, 2010
expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
/s/ Ernst &
Young LLP
Atlanta, Georgia
We have audited Crawford & Company’s internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2009,
based on criteria established in Internal Control —
Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria).
Crawford & Company’s management is responsible
for maintaining effective internal control over financial
reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of
internal control over financial reporting included in the
accompanying Report of Management on Internal Control Over
Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion
on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting
based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control
over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of
internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk
that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the
design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on
the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our
audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a
process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s
internal control over financial reporting includes those
policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions
are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company
are being made only in accordance with authorizations of
management and directors of the company; and (3) provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the
company’s assets that could have a material effect on the
financial statements.
In our opinion, Crawford & Company maintained, in all
material respects, effective internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2009, based on the COSO
criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the
consolidated balance sheets of Crawford & Company as
of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated
statements of operations, shareholders’ investment,
noncontrolling interests and comprehensive income (loss), and
cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2009, and our report dated March 5, 2010
expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
2009 Quarterly Period
Revenues from services:
Revenues before reimbursements
Reimbursements
Total revenues:
Total Cost of Services
Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Crawford &
Company
U.S. Property & Casualty operating earnings(1)
International Operations operating earnings(1)
Broadspire operating (loss) earnings(1)
Legal Settlement Administration operating earnings(1)
Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests
Unallocated corporate and shared costs, net
Net corporate interest expense
Stock option expense
Amortization of customer-relationship intangible assets
Goodwill and intangible asset impairment charges
Other losses
Income (loss) before income taxes
Earnings (loss) per share — basic(2)
Earnings (loss) per share — diluted(2)
2008 Quarterly Period
Revenues from services:
Revenues before reimbursements
Total revenues:
Total Cost of Services
Net Income Attributable to Crawford & Company
U.S. Property & Casualty operating earnings(1)
International Operations operating earnings(1)
Broadspire operating earnings (loss)(1)
Legal Settlement Administration operating
earnings(1)
Net (loss) income attributable to noncontrolling interests
Unallocated corporate and shared costs, net
Net corporate interest expense
Stock option expense
Amortization of customer-relationship intangible assets
Other (loss) gain, net
Income before income taxes
Earnings per share — basic(2)
Earnings per share — diluted(2)
(a) Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
The Registrant maintains a set of disclosure controls and
procedures, as defined in Rules
13a-15(e)
and
15d-15(c) of
the Securities Exchange Act, designed to ensure that information
required to be disclosed by the Registrant in reports that it
files or submits under the Securities Exchange Act is recorded,
processed, summarized or reported within the time periods
specified in SEC rules and forms. The Registrant’s
management, with the participation of the Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the
effectiveness of the Registrant’s disclosure controls and
procedures as of December 31, 2009. Based on that
evaluation, the Registrant’s Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Registrant’s
disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of
December 31, 2009.
(b) Management’s Report on Internal Control over
Financial Reporting
The report of management of the Registrant regarding internal
control over financial reporting is included in
“Item 8 — Report of Management on Internal
Control over Financial Reporting.”
(c) Attestation Report of Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
The attestation report of the Registrant’s independent
registered public accounting firm regarding internal control
over financial reporting is included in
“Item 8 — Report of Independent Registered
Public Accounting Firm.”
(d) Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
There were no changes in the Registrant’s internal control
over financial reporting during the fourth quarter of 2009 that
have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially
affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial
reporting.
Certain information required by this Item is included under the
captions “Election of Directors — Nominee
Information”, “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership
Reporting Compliance”, “Corporate Governance-Standing
Committees and Attendance at Board and Committee Meetings”
and “Corporate Governance — Corporate Governance
Guidelines, Charters and Code of Business Conduct” of the
Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of
Shareholders to be held May 4, 2010, and is incorporated
herein by reference.
The information required by this Item is included under the
captions “Compensation Discussion and Analysis”
“Summary Compensation Table,” “Employment and
Change in Control Arrangements,” “Corporate
Governance-Director
Compensation,” and “Report of the Nominating/Corporate
Governance Committee of the Board of Directors on Executive
Compensation” of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for
the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held May 4, 2010,
and is incorporated herein by reference.
The information required by this Item is included under the
captions “Stock Ownership Information” and
“Equity Compensation Plans” of the Registrant’s
Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be
held May 4, 2010, and is incorporated herein by reference.
The information required by this Item is included under the
caption “Information with Respect to Certain Business
Relationships and Related Transactions” of the
Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of
Shareholders to be held May 4, 2010, and is incorporated
herein by reference.
Information regarding principal accounting fees and services is
included under the caption “Ratification of Independent
Auditors — Fees Paid to Ernst & Young
LLP” of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement for the
Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held May 4, 2010, and
is incorporated herein by reference.
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this
report:
1. Financial Statements
The Registrant’s 2009 Annual Report to Shareholders
contains the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31,
2009 and 2008, the related Consolidated Statements of Income,
Shareholders’ Investment and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
and Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended
December 31, 2009, and the related report of
Ernst & Young LLP. These financial statements listed
below and the related report of Ernst & Young LLP are
incorporated herein by reference and included in
Exhibit 13.1 to this Annual Report on
Form 10-K:
2. Financial Statement Schedule
Other schedules have been omitted because they are not
applicable.
3. Exhibits filed with this report.
Exhibit No.
Document
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized.
Date March 5, 2010
/s/ Jeffrey
T.
Bowman
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons
on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the
dates indicated.
/s/ W.
Bruce Swain,
Jr.
/s/ W.
Forrest
Bell
/s/ P.
George
Benson
/s/ Jesse
C.
Crawford
/s/ James
D.
Edwards
/s/ J.
Hicks
Lanier
/s/ Charles
H.
Ogburn
/s/ Clarence
H.
Ridley
/s/ E.
Jenner
Wood, III
/s/ Russel
L.
Honoré
Description of Exhibit