1
GATX Corporation (“GATX” or the “Company”)
leases, operates and manages long-lived, widely used assets in
the rail, marine and industrial equipment markets. GATX also
invests in joint ventures that complement existing business
activities. Headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, GATX has three
financial reporting segments: Rail, Specialty and American
Steamship Company (“ASC”). For details regarding
foreign operations, see discussion in Note 21 to the
consolidated financial statements. For details regarding each
segment’s operating results and assets, see Note 23 to
the consolidated financial statements.
At December 31, 2010, GATX had total assets of
$6.4 billion, comprised largely of railcars, marine vessels
and joint venture investments. This amount includes
$1.0 billion of assets, primarily railcars that were
leased-in under operating leases and were therefore not recorded
on the balance sheet.
Rail and its affiliates lease tank cars, freight cars and
locomotives in North America and Europe. Operating for over
110 years, Rail is a leader in the railcar leasing industry
and controls one of the largest privately owned railcar fleets
in the world. Rail established this position through sourcing
railcars from manufacturers and making opportunistic purchases
of railcar fleets in the secondary market.
At December 31, 2010, Rail had total assets of
$5.3 billion, including $1.0 billion of off balance
sheet assets. Rail’s customers are primarily comprised of
shippers of chemical, petroleum and food products as well as
railroads. Rail’s fleet consists of a broad and diverse
selection of railcar types that are used to ship approximately
700 different commodities.
The following table provides information on some of the major
railcar types that Rail leases to its customers and the
commodities shipped in these railcars.
Industries Served
Typical Commodities
Rail’s Worldwide Fleet
132,000 Railcars as of 12/31/10
As of December 31, 2010, Rail’s worldwide fleet,
comprised of wholly-owned and leased-in railcars, totaled
approximately 132,000 railcars. These cars have depreciable
lives of 30 to 38 years and an average age of approximately
16 years in North America and 23 years in Europe. Rail
also had an ownership interest in approximately 33,000 railcars
through investments in affiliated companies. Affiliate fleets
consist primarily of freight and intermodal railcars and include
approximately 5,300 railcars that GATX also manages. In
addition, Rail manages approximately 2,600 railcars for
third-party owners. The following table sets forth Rail’s
fleet data as of December 31, 2010:
North America
Europe
Rail primarily provides railcars pursuant to full-service leases
under which it maintains the railcars, pays ad valorem taxes and
insurance and provides other ancillary services. Rail also
offers net leases for railcars under which the lessee is
responsible for maintenance, insurance and taxes. Rail has a
large and diverse customer base, serving approximately 900
customers. In 2010, no single customer accounted for more than
3.2% of Rail’s total lease income, and the top ten
customers combined accounted for approximately 21% of
Rail’s total lease income.
North
America
In North America, Rail leases new railcars for terms that
generally range from three to ten years, with renewals of
existing leases generally ranging from one to five years. The
average remaining lease term of the North American fleet was
4 years as of December 31, 2010. Rail’s primary
competitors in North America are Union Tank Car Company, General
Electric Railcar Services Corporation, American Railcar Leasing,
CIT Group Inc., Trinity Leasing, and First Union Rail. Rail
competes on the basis of customer relationships, service, price
and availability of railcars.
In North America, Rail purchases new railcars from a number of
manufacturers, including Trinity Industries, American Railcar
Industries, Inc., FreightCar America, National Steel Car Ltd.
and The Greenbrier Companies. In addition, Rail acquires
portfolios or fleets of complementary railcars in the secondary
market.
Rail’s North American operations also include a locomotive
leasing business, which consists of 550 locomotives, 81% of
which are four-axle and 19% are six-axle. Additionally, Rail
manages 64 locomotives for an affiliate and 45 locomotives for a
third party. Four-axle locomotives have not been manufactured in
any material quantity since the mid-1980s but continue to be in
demand by railroads and shippers. As a result, with periodic
refurbishment, the four-axle fleet is expected to continue to be
marketable and yield attractive returns. Rail’s locomotive
customers are primarily Class I, regional and short-line
railroads and industrial users. Locomotive leases are typically
net leases and terms vary from
month-to-month
to 16 years. As of December 31, 2010, the average
remaining lease term of Rail’s locomotive fleet was
2 years. Rail’s major competitors in locomotive
leasing
are Helm Financial Corporation, CIT Group, Inc., Relco
Locomotives, Inc. and National Railway Equipment Corporation.
Competitive factors in the market include equipment condition,
availability, customer service and pricing.
North
American Maintenance
The majority of Rail’s leases are full-service contracts
under which Rail maintains the railcars. Rail operates an
extensive network of service facilities across North America
that perform repair, maintenance, modification and regulatory
compliance work on the fleet. This maintenance organization is
dedicated to performing timely, efficient and high quality
repair services. Maintenance services include interior cleaning
of railcars, general repairs to the car body and safety
appliances, regulatory compliance work, wheelset replacements,
exterior blast and painting, and car stenciling. To the extent
possible, regulatory compliance work is conducted while cars are
in the service centers for customer-directed repairs, thereby
minimizing the amount of time the car is out of service.
Rail’s maintenance network consists of:
Rail’s maintenance network is supplemented by a number of
third-party service centers that adhere to GATX’s quality
standards. In certain cases, third-party repair services are
utilized via fixed-capacity contracts under which GATX has
secured access to repair capacity. In 2010, third-party service
centers accounted for approximately 49% of Rail’s North
American service center maintenance costs (excluding the cost of
repairs performed by railroads). In 2010, an aggregate of 85,000
service events, including multiple independent service events
for the same car, were performed at GATX-owned and third-party
service centers.
Europe
Rail’s European operations consist of its wholly-owned
subsidiaries in Germany, Austria and Poland. Rail leases
standard gauge railcars to customers throughout Europe.
Rail’s European customer base includes petroleum refining,
chemical manufacturing, transportation, freight forwarding and
railway companies. In Europe, Rail acquires new railcars
primarily from the IRS Group. Rail Europe has purchase
commitments to acquire 497 newly manufactured railcars in 2011
and options for up to 1,450 additional railcars through 2013.
Rail Europe also assembles several hundred tank cars each year
at its Ostroda, Poland service center. Lease terms for
Rail’s European fleet generally range from one to seven
years and at December 31, 2010, the average remaining lease
term of the fleet was two years. Rail operates two service
centers in Europe that perform significant repairs and
regulatory compliance work for owned railcars. The owned service
centers are supplemented by a number of third-party contract
repair facilities, which in 2010 accounted for approximately 52%
of Rail’s European fleet repair costs. In Europe, Rail
principally competes on the basis of customer relationships,
service, price and availability of railcars. Rail’s primary
competitors in Europe are VTG Aktiengesellschaft, Ermewa, CTL
Logistics Group, Wascosa, and PCC Rail Group.
Rail
Affiliates
Rail has three notable investments in affiliated companies: a
37.5% interest in AAE Cargo AG (“AAE”), a 12.5%
interest in Adler Funding LLC (“Adler”) and a 50%
interest in Southern Capital Corporation (“SCC”).
AAE is a Switzerland-based railcar lessor that as of
December 31, 2010, owned approximately 25,200 freight cars,
comprised of 14,959 intermodal cars (59%), 4,396 covered cars
(18%) and 5,805 other freight car types (23%), with an average
age of 10 years. AAE’s customer base consists of
various railways throughout Europe as well as private operators.
As of December 31, 2010, the average remaining lease term
of AAE railcars was approximately 2 years.
Adler was formed in 2010 as a partnership among GATX and three
financial institutions. Upon formation, Adler acquired 5,352
railcars consisting primarily of general purpose freight cars
with an average build date of 2003. Additionally, GATX has
entered into a management services agreement with Adler under
which GATX acts as the primary manager for the Adler Fleet. As
compensation for its services, GATX receives a base service fee
and a performance based sales fee.
SCC is a joint venture with the Kansas City Southern Railroad
(“KCSR”). SCC was formed in 1996 and controls
approximately 2,400 freight cars and 64 locomotives, the
majority of which are on lease to KCSR.
Specialty provides financing, asset remarketing and asset
management services to the marine and industrial equipment
markets. Specialty offers operating leases, direct finance
leases and secured loans, and extends its market reach through
joint venture investments. Specialty seeks to invest in
long-lived, widely used assets that are critical to the
operations of its customers. Specialty’s assets as of
December 31, 2010, including off balance sheet assets,
totaled $744.4 million.
Specialty
Portfolio*
*includes
off balance sheet
Targeted asset types for Specialty include:
— Marine
— Gas Compression Equipment
— Power Generation Equipment
Specialty’s principal competitors are captive leasing
companies of equipment manufacturers, leasing subsidiaries of
commercial banks and independent leasing companies. Factors that
affect Specialty’s ability to compete are equipment
expertise, GATX’s relationships, relative cost of funds,
and the availability of other financing alternatives to
potential customers.
The following table sets forth the approximate net book values
of Specialty’s owned and managed assets as of December 31
(in millions):
2010
2009
2008
Portfolio
Specialty’s wholly-owned portfolio consists primarily of
investments in operating assets held for lease and finance
leases totaling $377.4 million. Operating assets are
diverse and include equipment used in gas compression, power
generation, construction and mining, and marine vessels used in
inland freight transportation in the United States. Operating
assets have depreciable lives of 5 to 30 years. The
majority of these assets are placed with customers under
long-term leases, with expiration dates through 2021. Specialty
typically remarkets assets at the end of their lease term,
generating portfolio proceeds and often asset remarketing income.
Specialty further leverages its equipment knowledge by managing
portfolios of assets for third parties. The majority of these
managed assets are in markets where GATX has a high level of
expertise. Specialty generates fee and residual sharing income
through portfolio administration and remarketing of these
assets. Specialty has also provided equipment residual value
guarantees, which enable it to share in any residual asset value
in excess of the guaranteed amount. As of December 31,
2010, Specialty was party to 6 such residual value guarantees
totaling $13.8 million, which substantially expire in 2012.
Specialty
Affiliates
Specialty has investments in affiliated companies with a net
book value of $345.1 million as of December 31, 2010.
Affiliate activities include aircraft spare engine leasing,
shipping operations and gas compression equipment leasing.
Specialty invests in joint ventures to expand its presence in
key markets, expand geographically and diversify risks.
Specialty’s joint venture partners are typically well
established companies with extensive experience in their
respective markets.
Rolls-Royce and Partners Finance (“RRPF”) is a
collection of 50%-owned domestic and international joint
ventures with Rolls-Royce plc, a leading manufacturer of
commercial aircraft jet engines. RRPF leases spare engines to
Rolls-Royce plc and commercial airlines and owns one of the
largest spare engine portfolios in the industry, comprised of
approximately 350 Rolls-Royce and International Aero Engine
aircraft engines. RRPF brings high levels of technical,
financial and leasing expertise to the market.
Cardinal Marine Investments LLC (“Cardinal Marine”) is
a 50%-owned marine joint venture with IMC Holdings, a subsidiary
of the IMC Pan Asia Alliance Group (“IMC”), a well
established shipping enterprise with industry experience dating
back to the early 1900s. IMC is a leading Asia-focused
integrated maritime and industrial solutions provider with
diversified interests in dry and liquid bulk shipping, ship and
crew management, offshore and marine engineering, oil and gas
assets, and services and logistics. Cardinal Marine owns six
chemical parcel tankers (each with 45,000 dead weight tons
(“dwt”) carrying capacity) that operate under a
pooling arrangement with IMC’s other chemical tankers in
support of the movement of organic and inorganic chemicals,
along with vegetable and other oils, and biofuels from the
Middle East to Asia, the U.S. and Europe.
Somargas Limited and Singco Gas Pte, Limited
(“Singco”), respectively, are 35% and 50%-owned joint
ventures with IM Skaugen ASA (“Skaugen”). Skaugen is a
94 year old Norwegian company primarily engaged in the
transport of petrochemical gases and the ship to ship transfer
of crude oil. Somargas owns six liquid petroleum gas/ethylene
vessels (each with 8,500 — 10,000 cubic meters
(“cbm”) carrying capacity). The Somargas vessels
operate in a pooling arrangement controlled by Skaugen,
primarily transporting ethylene between the Middle East and
Asia. Singco owns three liquid petroleum gas/ethylene/liquefied
natural gas vessels (each with 10,000 cbm carrying capacity).
One additional vessel is under construction and is expected to
be delivered by the end of 2011. The Singco vessels operate in
the same pool as the Somargas vessels.
Clipper Third Limited, Clipper Fourth Limited and Clipper Fourth
APS (collectively the “Clipper Entities”),
respectively, are 50%, 45% and 45%-owned joint ventures with
Clipper Group Invest Ltd. (the “Clipper Group”). The
Clipper Group is a leading international shipping consortium
with over 35 years of experience in shipping. The Clipper
Group operates a modern fleet of over 200 vessels,
approximately 100 of which are partly or wholly-owned. The
Clipper Entities fleet consists of two handysize vessels (each
with 27,000 dwt carrying capacity) that support the worldwide
movement of dry bulk products such as grain, cement, coal and
steel and 14 handysize chemical parcel tankers (each with
10,000-15,000 dwt carrying capacity). These 16 vessels
operate under pooling arrangements with the Clipper Group’s
fleet in support of the worldwide movement of dry bulk
commodities and organic, inorganic and specialty chemicals with
a concentration in the Atlantic and Mediterranean trades.
Enerven Compression, LLC (“Enerven”) is a 45.6%-owned
joint venture with ING Investment Management and Enerven
management. Enerven provides natural gas compression equipment
leasing through its subsidiary, Enerven Compression Services
(“ECS”) and third-party maintenance and repair
services through its subsidiary, Worldwide Energy Solutions
Company (“WESCO”). ECS offers rental and full-service
leasing of gas compression equipment to producers, gas storage
companies and midstream operators. The ECS portfolio consists of
over 370 owned units in various sizes and configurations
totaling approximately 193,000 horsepower. WESCO provides
outsource operations and maintenance services to oil and gas
producers and compression rental companies. It specializes in
maintenance, turnkey repair projects, equipment rebuilds and
parts sales.
ASC owns and operates the largest fleet of U.S. flagged
vessels on the Great Lakes, providing waterborne transportation
of dry bulk commodities for a range of industrial customers. The
primary commodities carried by ASC’s vessels are iron ore,
coal, limestone aggregates and metallurgical limestone. End
markets of these commodities include domestic auto
manufacturing, electricity generation and non-residential
construction. Customer service, primarily in the form of
scheduling flexibility, reliability and operating safety has
been the key to ASC’s success for over 100 years.
ASC’s sailing season generally runs from April 1 through
December 31; however, customer demand and weather conditions
permitting, certain vessels may commence operations during March
and continue to operate into January of the following year.
At December 31, 2010, ASC’s fleet consisted of
18 vessels with a net book value of $232.3 million.
Fifteen of the vessels are diesel powered, constructed in the
1970’s and early 1980’s, having an average age of
33 years and estimated useful lives of 65 years. The
diesel vessels range in size from 635 feet to
1,004 feet long and maximum load capacities between 23,800
and 80,900 gross tons. The three remaining vessels are
steam powered, built in the 1940’s and 1950’s, and
have an estimated remaining useful life of nine years. The
steamer vessels range in size from 690 to 767 feet and have
maximum load capacities between 22,300 and 26,300 gross
tons. ASC’s vessels operate exclusively in the fresh water
conditions of the Great Lakes and as a result, with proper
maintenance and periodic refurbishment, may achieve extended use
well beyond the useful life estimates.
All of ASC’s vessels are equipped with self-unloading
equipment, enabling them to discharge dry bulk cargo without
assistance from shore-side equipment or personnel. This
equipment enables the vessels to operate twenty-four hours a
day, seven days a week. ASC’s vessels are capable of
transporting and unloading almost any free flowing, dry bulk
commodity. ASC served 20 customers in 2010 with the top five
customers comprising 76% of ASC’s total revenue.
ASC’s vessels operate pursuant to contractual commitments
with customers to carry a stipulated range of freight volume
each year. Committed volume may be supplemented with spot
opportunities. In 2010, ASC carried 28.0 million net tons
of cargo including both contracted volume and spot business.
ASC’s customer portfolio has remained relatively stable
over the past three years and includes a mix of companies in the
steel production, power generation and construction industries.
Seventeen of ASC’s vessels are available for service
contract and spot business. ASC’s remaining vessel operates
under a long-term time charter agreement that is scheduled to
expire in 2015. The number of vessels deployed by ASC in any
given year is dependent on customer volume requirements. During
periods of low demand (relative to ASC’s carrying
capacity), ASC may choose not to operate certain vessels.
ASC’s primary competitors on the Great Lakes are Grand
River Navigation, Great Lakes Fleet, Inc., Interlake Steamship
Company, K & K Integrated Logistics, VanEnkevort Tug
and Barge, and Upper Lakes Towing. ASC principally competes
on the basis of service capabilities, customer relationships and
price.
The United States shipping industry is subject to the Jones Act
(the “Act”), which requires all commercial vessels
transporting goods between U.S. ports to be built, owned,
operated and manned by U.S. citizens and registered under
the U.S. flag.
Patents, trademarks, licenses and research and development
activities are not material to GATX’s businesses taken as a
whole.
ASC’s fleet is inactive for a significant portion of the
first quarter of each year due to the winter conditions on the
Great Lakes. Otherwise, seasonality is not considered
significant to the operations of GATX and its subsidiaries taken
as a whole.
GATX, taken as a whole, is not dependent upon a single customer
nor does it have any significant customer concentrations.
Segment concentrations, if material, are described above.
As of December 31, 2010, GATX employed 1,947 persons,
of whom 48% were covered by union contracts.
The hourly employees at Rail’s U.S. service centers
belong to the United Steelworkers (“USW”). Employees
at three of Rail’s Canadian service centers belong to the
Communication, Energy and Paperworkers Union of Canada. The
shipboard personnel at ASC belong to the American Maritime
Officers, the Seafarers International Union or the USW, as the
case may be.
GATX’s operations, as well as those of its competitors, are
subject to extensive federal, state, local, and foreign
environmental regulations. These laws cover discharges to
waters; air emissions; toxic substances; and the generation,
handling, storage, transportation and disposal of waste and
hazardous materials. These regulations have the effect of
increasing the cost and liability associated with leasing and
operating assets. Environmental risks are also inherent in rail
operations, which frequently involve transporting chemicals and
other hazardous materials.
Some of GATX’s current and previously owned properties have
been used for industrial or transportation-related purposes that
may have resulted in the discharge of contaminants. As a result,
GATX is now subject to, and will from time to time continue to
be subject to, environmental cleanup and enforcement actions in
the U.S. and in the foreign countries in which it operates.
In particular, the U.S. federal Comprehensive Environmental
Response, Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”),
also known as the Superfund law, generally imposes joint and
several liability for cleanup and enforcement costs, without
regard to fault or the legality of the original conduct, on
current and former owners and operators of a site. Accordingly,
GATX may be responsible under CERCLA and other federal, state,
local, and foreign statutes for all or a portion of the costs to
clean up sites at which certain substances may have been
released by GATX, its current lessees, former owners or lessees
of properties, or other third parties. Environmental remediation
and other environmental costs are accrued when considered
probable and amounts can be reasonably estimated. As of
December 31, 2010, environmental costs were not material to
GATX’s financial position, results of operations or cash
flows. For further discussion, see Note 22 to the
consolidated financial statements.
GATX makes available free of charge at its website,
www.gatx.com, its most recent annual report on
Form 10-K,
quarterly reports on
Form 10-Q,
current reports on
Form 8-K,
and any amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant
to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, as soon as
reasonably practicable after such material is electronically
filed with, or furnished to, the U.S. Securities and
Exchange Commission (“SEC”). Charters for the Audit
Committee, Compensation Committee and Governance Committee of
the Board of Directors, the Corporate Governance Guidelines, the
Code of Business Conduct and Ethics and the Code of Ethics for
Senior Officers are posted under Corporate Governance in the
Investor Relations section of the GATX website, and are
available in print upon request by any shareholder. Within the
time period prescribed by SEC and New York Stock Exchange
regulations, GATX will post on its website any amendment to the
Code of Ethics for Senior Officers and the Code of Business
Conduct and Ethics or any waivers thereof. The information on
GATX’s website is not incorporated by reference into this
report.
GATX is subject to a number of risks that investors should
consider before investing in GATX’s securities. These risks
include the factors described below as well as other information
contained in this filing and GATX’s other filings with the
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. If any of the
events described below were to occur, GATX’s business,
financial condition, results of operations and future growth
prospects could suffer.
Competition
could result in decreased profitability.
GATX operates in a highly competitive business environment. In
many cases, competitors are larger entities that have greater
financial resources, higher credit ratings and a lower cost of
capital than GATX. These factors may enable competitors to offer
leases and loans to customers at lower rates than GATX is able
to provide, thus impacting GATX’s asset utilization or
GATX’s ability to lease assets on a profitable basis.
Weak
economic conditions, financial market volatility and other
factors may decrease customer demand for GATX’s assets and
services and negatively impact GATX’s business and results
of operations.
GATX relies upon continued demand from its customers to lease
its railcars, locomotives, industrial equipment and marine
assets. Demand for these assets is dependent upon the markets
for the products and services offered by the Company’s
customers and the strength and growth of their businesses. A
number of GATX’s customers operate
in cyclical markets, such as the steel, chemical and
construction industries, which are susceptible to macroeconomic
downturns in the United States and abroad and may experience
significant changes in demand over time.
As a result of the weak economic conditions currently affecting
the economy of the United States and other parts of the world,
certain GATX customers have experienced declines in their
operating and financial performance, which have, in turn,
reduced demand for the assets and services GATX provides.
Continued weakness in certain sectors of the economy also may
make it more difficult for GATX to lease certain types of
railcars that are returned either at the end of a lease term or
as a result of a customer bankruptcy or default.
In many cases, demand for GATX’s assets is also dependent
on customers’ desire to lease, rather than purchase assets.
There are a number of items that factor into the customer’s
decision to lease or purchase assets, such as tax and accounting
considerations, interest rates and operational flexibility. GATX
has no control over these external considerations, and changes
in these factors, including potential changes to lease
accounting rules, could negatively impact demand for its assets
held for lease.
Additional factors influencing customer demand for GATX’s
assets include changes in production volumes, potential changes
in supply chains, choices regarding type of transportation
asset, availability of substitutes and other operational needs.
Demand for the shipping services provided by the Company’s
ASC segment is also dependent upon the factors discussed above.
A significant decline in customer demand for the assets and
services provided by GATX could adversely affect the
Company’s financial performance.
GATX
may be unable to maintain assets on lease at satisfactory
rates.
GATX’s profitability is largely dependent on its ability to
maintain assets on lease at satisfactory rates and to re-lease
or sell assets upon lease expiration. A number of factors can
adversely affect asset utilization rates and lease rates,
including, but not limited to, an economic downturn causing
reduced demand, changes in customer behavior, excess capacity in
the marketplace or other changes in supply or demand for such
assets. Continued economic uncertainty or a decline in customer
demand for GATX’s assets could cause customers to demand
shorter lease terms and lower lease rates and could result in a
decrease in the utilization rate for GATX’s assets and
reduced revenues. Alternatively, customers may seek to lock-in
relatively low lease rates for longer terms thereby resulting in
an adverse impact on current or future revenues.
GATX’s
access to newly-built railcars may be limited, and any long-term
railcar purchase commitments could subject GATX to material
operational and financial risks.
Unlike certain of its competitors in the railcar leasing market,
GATX does not manufacture railcars. GATX’s ability to
acquire newly-built railcars could be limited if the Company is
unable to procure railcars from manufacturers on competitive
terms.
In order to obtain committed access to a supply of newly-built
railcars on competitive terms, GATX may enter into long-term
supply agreements with manufacturers to purchase significant
numbers of newly-built railcars over a multi-year period. The
Company’s purchase commitments under these long-term
agreements generally are not subject to cancellation or material
reduction by GATX. If economic conditions weaken during the term
of a long-term supply agreement, GATX may be required to
continue to accept delivery of, and pay for, new railcars at
times when it is difficult for the Company to place the railcars
with customers and the Company’s financing costs may be
unattractively high.
GATX’s
allowance for possible losses may prove
inadequate.
GATX’s allowance for possible losses on reservable assets
may not be adequate over time to cover credit losses in its
portfolio if unexpected adverse changes in the economy differ
from the expectations of management or if discrete events
adversely affect specific customers, industries or markets. If
the credit quality of GATX’s customer base materially
deteriorates, the Company’s allowance may be insufficient
to cover credit losses and GATX’s financial position or
results of operations could be negatively impacted.
Deterioration
of conditions in the global capital markets, weakening of
macroeconomic conditions, and negative changes in credit ratings
may limit the ability of GATX to secure financing and may
increase its borrowing costs.
GATX relies, in part, upon banks and capital markets to fund its
operations and contractual commitments, including the issuance
of long-term debt instruments and commercial paper. In recent
years, these markets have exhibited unprecedented volatility and
access to capital, particularly in the unsecured debt markets,
was significantly constrained for some borrowers for an extended
period of time. In addition to conditions in the capital
markets, a number of other factors could cause GATX to incur
increased borrowing costs and to have greater difficulty
accessing public and private markets for both secured and
unsecured debt. These factors include GATX’s financial
performance and its credit ratings and rating outlook as
determined primarily by rating agencies such as
Standard & Poor’s and Moody’s Investor
Service. If GATX is unable to secure financing on acceptable
terms, the Company’s other sources of funds, including
available cash, bank facilities, cash flow from operations and
portfolio proceeds, may not be adequate to fund its operations
and contractual commitments.
Changes
in laws, rules or regulations, or actions by authorities under
existing laws, rules or regulations, could negatively affect
GATX’s business and profitability.
GATX’s rail and marine operations are subject to various
laws, rules and regulations administered by authorities in
jurisdictions where GATX and its subsidiaries do business. In
the United States, GATX’s rail operations are subject to
regulation by various federal and state agencies, including the
U.S. Department of Transportation, and railcar operations
are also affected by regulations adopted by the Association of
American Railroads. These agencies establish rules and
regulations for the rail industry, including mechanical,
maintenance and safety standards. Similarly, ASC’s
operations are subject to regulation by various federal and
state agencies, including the U.S. Coast Guard and the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency which establish rules and
regulations relating to emissions, ballast discharges and other
environmental and operational matters. State agencies regulate
some aspects of rail operations with respect to health and
safety matters not otherwise preempted by federal law. In
addition, operations of GATX’s foreign subsidiaries are
subject to the jurisdiction of authorities in countries where
they do business. Future changes in any of these laws, rules and
regulations, or actions by authorities under existing laws,
rules or regulations, could restrict the use or reduce the
economic value of GATX’s assets, including loss of revenue,
or cause GATX to incur significant expenditures to comply,
thereby increasing operating expenses. Certain changes to laws,
rules and regulations, or actions by authorities under existing
laws, rules or regulations, could result in the obsolescence of
various assets or impose compliance costs that are so
significant as to render such assets economically obsolete.
GATX’s
assets may become obsolete.
In addition to changes in laws, rules and regulations that may
make assets obsolete, GATX may be adversely impacted by changes
in the preferred method used by the Company’s customers to
ship their products, changes in demand for particular products,
or by a shift by customers toward purchasing assets rather than
leasing them from GATX. The industries in which GATX’s
customers operate are driven by dynamic market forces and
trends, which are in turn influenced by economic and political
factors in the United States and abroad. Demand for GATX’s
rail and marine assets may be significantly affected by changes
to the markets in which the Company’s customers operate. A
significant reduction in customer demand for transportation or
manufacture of a particular product or change in the preferred
method of transportation used by customers to ship their
products could result in the economic obsolescence of GATX
assets leased by those customers.
High
energy prices could have a negative effect on the demand for
GATX’s products and services.
Energy prices, including the price of natural gas and oil, are
significant cost drivers for many of GATX’s customers,
either directly in the form of raw material costs in industries
such as the chemical and steel industries, or indirectly in the
form of increased transportation costs. Sustained high energy
prices could negatively impact these industries resulting in a
corresponding adverse effect on customer demand for GATX’s
assets, as well as related services.
Events
or conditions negatively affecting certain assets, customers or
geographic regions in which GATX has a large investment could
have a negative impact on its results of
operations.
GATX’s revenues are generally derived from a number of
different asset types, customers, industries and geographic
locations. However, from time to time, GATX could have a large
investment in a particular asset type, a large revenue stream
associated with a particular customer or industry, or a large
number of customers located in a particular geographic region.
Decreased demand from a discrete event impacting a particular
asset type, discrete events with a specific customer or
industry, or adverse regional economic conditions, particularly
for those assets, customers or regions in which GATX has a
concentrated exposure, could have a negative impact on
GATX’s results of operations.
GATX
is subject to extensive environmental regulations and the costs
of remediation may be material.
GATX’s operations are subject to extensive federal,
foreign, state and local environmental laws and regulations
concerning, among other things, the discharge of hazardous
materials and remediation of contaminated sites. In addition,
some of GATX’s properties, including those previously owned
or leased, have been used for industrial purposes whose
activities may have resulted in discharges onto the property.
Environmental liability can extend to previously owned or
operated properties as well as properties currently owned and
used by the Company. Environmental liabilities are routinely
assessed, including obligations and commitments for remediation
of contaminated sites and assessments of ranges and
probabilities of recoveries from other responsible parties. Due
to the regulatory complexities and risk of unidentified
contaminants on its properties, the potential exists for
environmental and remediation costs to be materially different
from the costs GATX has estimated.
GATX
has been, and may in the future be, involved in various types of
litigation.
The nature of GATX’s businesses and assets expose the
Company to the potential for claims and litigation related to,
among other things, personal injury and property damage,
environmental claims and other matters. Certain GATX railcars
may be used by customers to transport hazardous materials, and a
rupture of a railcar carrying such materials in an accident
could lead to litigation and subject GATX to the potential for
significant liability. A substantial adverse judgment against
GATX could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s
financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
GATX
may not be able to procure insurance on a cost-effective
basis.
GATX manages its exposure to risk, in part, by insuring its
assets and their associated risks. There is no guarantee that
such insurance will be consistently available on a
cost-effective basis in the future. If the cost of insurance
coverage becomes prohibitively expensive, GATX could be forced
to reduce the amount of coverage and increase the amount of its
self-insured risk retention.
The
fair market value of GATX’s long-lived assets may differ
from the value of those assets reflected in its financial
statements.
GATX’s assets consist primarily of long-lived assets such
as railcars, marine vessels and industrial equipment. The
carrying value of these assets in the financial statements may
at times differ from their fair market value. These valuation
differences may be positive or negative and may be material
based on market conditions and demand for certain assets.
GATX
may incur future asset impairment charges.
GATX regularly reviews long-lived assets and joint venture
investments for impairment, including when events or changes in
circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset or
investment may not be recoverable. GATX may be required to
recognize asset impairment charges in the future as a result of
a weak economic environment, challenging market conditions,
events related to particular customers or asset types, or as a
result of asset or portfolio sale decisions by management or
other factors that affect GATX’s estimates of expected cash
flows to be generated from its long-lived assets or joint
venture investments.
Fluctuations
in foreign exchange rates and interest rates could have a
negative impact on GATX’s results of
operations.
GATX’s results are exposed to foreign exchange rate
fluctuations as the financial results of certain subsidiaries
are translated from their local currency into U.S. dollars
upon consolidation. As exchange rates vary, the operating
results of foreign subsidiaries, when translated, may differ
materially from period to period. GATX is also subject to gains
and losses on foreign currency transactions, which could vary
based on fluctuations in exchange rates and the timing of the
transactions and their settlement. In addition, fluctuations in
foreign exchange rates can have an effect on the demand and
relative price for services provided by GATX domestically and
internationally, and could have a negative impact on GATX’s
results of operations. GATX is also subject to risks associated
with fluctuations in interest rates. The Company may seek to
limit foreign exchange rate and interest rate risk through the
use of currency or interest rate derivatives, but these measures
may not be effective. A material and unexpected change in
interest rates or foreign exchange rates could negatively affect
GATX’s financial performance.
GATX
is subject to the inherent risks of its joint venture
investments.
GATX’s investments include ownership interests in a number
of joint ventures managed and operated by third parties. These
entities are subject to many of the same risk factors discussed
in this Risk Factors section. GATX is indirectly exposed to
these risks through its ownership interest in these entities,
and adverse developments in the business or financial results of
those entities could have a negative impact on GATX’s
results of operations. Additionally, in those instances where a
joint venture is managed and operated by GATX’s joint
venture partner or another third party, GATX may not have
control over all operational decisions which may result in
actions taken at the joint venture level that could have an
adverse economic impact on GATX.
GATX
has significant financial exposure related to the performance of
its aircraft engine leasing joint venture
investments.
GATX and Rolls-Royce plc each own 50% of several joint ventures
that lease spare jet engines to owners and operators of
commercial aircraft (collectively, the “RRPF joint
ventures”). As of December 31, 2010, GATX’s
investment in these joint ventures was $156.1 million.
Through its 50% ownership of the RRPF joint ventures, GATX is
exposed to various risks associated with the commercial aviation
industry, including geographic exposure and customer
concentrations unique to that industry. Further, the financial
results of the RRPF joint ventures are heavily dependent on the
performance of Rolls-Royce plc, which is both a major customer
of, and a critical supplier of maintenance services to, the
joint ventures. Rolls-Royce plc leases a significant number of
spare engines from the joint ventures and also provides
maintenance services on the engines leased by the RRPF joint
ventures to Rolls-Royce plc and other customers of the joint
ventures. The RRPF joint ventures are significant contributors
to GATX’s consolidated segment profit. If the financial or
operating performance of the RRPF joint ventures were to
deteriorate, GATX’s results of operations and cash flows
could be negatively affected.
GATX
may be affected by climate change or market or regulatory
responses to climate change.
Changes in laws, rules and regulations, or actions by
authorities under existing laws, rules or regulations, to
address greenhouse gas emissions and climate change could have a
negative impact on the Company’s customers and business.
For example, restrictions on emissions could significantly
increase costs for GATX customers who produce energy or
manufacture chemical or other products that require significant
amounts of energy to produce. This, in turn, could reduce
customer demand to lease the Company’s assets. New
government regulations could also increase GATX’s marine
and other operating costs or require significant capital
expenditures to comply. All or any of these potential
consequences of climate change could have an adverse effect on
the Company’s financial position, results of operations and
cash flows.
GATX
cannot predict with certainty the impact that inflation or
deflation will have on its financial results.
Effects of inflation are unpredictable as to timing and duration
and depend on market conditions and economic factors. Inflation
in lease rates as well as inflation in residual values for rail,
marine and other equipment has historically benefited
GATX’s financial results. However, these benefits may be
offset, in whole or in part, by
increases in the costs for goods and services purchased by GATX,
including salaries and wages, health care costs, supplies,
utilities, and maintenance and repair services and materials.
Significant increases in GATX’s cost of goods and services
could adversely impact the Company’s financial performance.
A period of prolonged deflation would have a negative impact on
GATX from several perspectives, including lease rate pricing,
residual values and asset remarketing opportunities. These
negative impacts of deflation may be offset, in whole or in
part, by decreases in the cost to GATX of goods and services,
including those discussed herein.
Unfavorable
conditions on the Great Lakes could impact normal business
operations, which could result in increased costs and decreases
in revenues.
The success of GATX’s ASC business segment is dependent
upon its ability to operate efficiently on the Great Lakes.
Severe weather conditions, including, but not limited to, high
wind and ice formation, could cause significant business
interruptions or shortened sailing seasons. Additionally, low
water levels and vessel draft restrictions in certain harbors or
canals may restrict the volume that may be transported in
ASC’s vessels on a per trip basis. These conditions could
negatively impact GATX’s results of operations due to
increased operating costs or decreased revenues.
Many
of GATX’s employees are represented by unions, and the
failure to successfully negotiate collective bargaining
agreements may result in strikes, work stoppages or
substantially higher labor costs.
A significant portion of GATX’s employees are represented
by labor unions and work under collective bargaining agreements
that cover a range of workplace matters, including wages, health
and welfare benefits, work rules and other issues. Historically,
the Company and its unions have been successful in negotiating
acceptable agreements without the occurrence of material work
stoppages. However, if the Company is unable to negotiate
acceptable new agreements, it could result in strikes by the
affected workers, business disruptions and increased operating
costs due to higher wages or benefits paid to union workers, any
of which could have an adverse effect on the Company’s
financial position, results of operations or cash flows.
Changes
to assumptions used to calculate post-retirement costs,
increases in funding requirements and investment losses in
pension funds could adversely affect GATX’s results of
operations.
GATX’s pension and other post-retirement costs are
dependent on various assumptions used to calculate such amounts,
including discount rates, long-term return on plan assets,
salary increases, health care cost trend rates and other
factors. Changes to any of these assumptions could adversely
affect GATX’s financial position and results of operations.
Additionally, GATX could be required to increase contributions
to its pension plans as a result of changes to laws, regulations
or rules that increase funding requirements or to compensate for
investment losses in pension plan assets. If GATX were forced to
increase contributions to its pension plans, the Company’s
financial position, results of operations and cash flows could
be negatively affected.
GATX’s
effective tax rate could be adversely affected by changes in the
mix of earnings in the U.S. and foreign countries.
GATX is subject to taxes in the United States and various
foreign jurisdictions. As a result, GATX’s effective tax
rate could be adversely affected by changes in the mix of
earnings in the United States and foreign countries with
differing statutory tax rates, legislative changes impacting
statutory tax rates, including the impact on recorded deferred
tax assets and liabilities, changes in tax laws or by material
audit assessments.
United
States and world economic and political conditions, including
acts or threats of terrorism or war, could adversely affect
GATX.
National and international political developments, instability
and uncertainties, including political unrest and threats of
terrorist attacks, could result in global economic weakness in
general and in the United States in particular, and could have
an adverse impact on GATX. The effects may include: legislation
or regulatory action directed toward improving the security of
railcars and marine vessels against acts of terrorism, which
could affect the construction or operation of railcars and
marine vessels, a decrease in demand for rail and marine
services, lower utilization of new and
existing rail and marine equipment, lower rail lease and marine
charter rates; impairments of rail and marine assets or capital
market disruption, which may raise GATX’s financing costs
or limit its access to capital, and liability or losses
resulting from acts of terrorism involving GATX’s assets.
Depending upon the severity, scope and duration of these
effects, the impact on GATX’s financial position, results
of operations and cash flows could be material.
GATX’s
internal control over financial accounting and reporting may not
detect all errors or omissions in the financial
statements.
If GATX fails to maintain adequate internal controls over
financial accounting, the Company may not be able to ensure that
GATX can conclude on an ongoing basis that it has effective
internal control over financial reporting in accordance with
Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related
regulations. Although GATX’s management has concluded that
adequate internal control procedures are in place, no system of
internal control can provide absolute assurance that the
financial statements are accurate and free of error. As a
result, the risk exists that GATX’s internal control may
not detect all errors or omissions in the financial statements.
None.
Information regarding the location and general character of
certain properties of GATX is included in Item 1,
“Business”, of this document.
Locations of operations are as follows:
GATX
Headquarters
Chicago, Illinois
Rail
Business Offices
San Francisco, California
Alpharetta, Georgia
Paducah, Kentucky
Bozeman, Montana
Marlton, New Jersey
Doylestown, Pennsylvania
Houston, Texas
Calgary, Alberta
Cambridge, Ontario
Toronto, Ontario
Montreal, Quebec
Vienna, Austria
Dusseldorf, Germany
Leipzig, Germany
Hamburg, Germany
Mexico City, Mexico
Warsaw, Poland
New Delhi, India
Major Service Centers
Colton, California
Waycross, Georgia
Hearne, Texas
Red Deer, Alberta
Sarnia, Ontario
Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan
Hannover, Germany
Ostroda, Poland
Customer Site Locations
Donaldsonville, Louisiana
Geismar, Louisiana
Cincinnati, Ohio
Catoosa, Oklahoma
Freeport, Texas
Yazoo City, Mississippi
Gdansk, Poland
Plock, Poland
Fast Track Service Centers
East Chicago, Indiana
Terre Haute, Indiana
Kansas City, Kansas
Plantersville, Texas
Mobile Service Units
Mobile, Alabama
Tampa, Florida
Gray, Georgia
Hammond, Indiana
Sioux City, Iowa
Camp Minden, Louisiana
Lake Charles, Louisiana
Morris, Kansas
Columbia, New Jersey
Copperhill, Tennessee
Galena Park, Texas
Olympia, Washington
Edmonton, Alberta
Clarkson, Ontario
Quebec City, Quebec
Specialty
Business Office
American Steamship Company
Williamsville, New York
Toledo, Ohio
Information concerning litigation and other contingencies is
described under “Legal Proceedings and Other
Contingencies” in Note 22 to the consolidated
financial statements and is incorporated herein by reference.
The following information regarding GATX’s executive
officers is included in Part I in lieu of inclusion in the
definitive GATX Proxy Statement:
Brian A. Kenney
Robert C. Lyons
James F. Earl
Deborah A. Golden
Mary K. Lawler
William M. Muckian
William J. Hasek
Michael T. Brooks
Curt F. Glenn
Clifford J. Porzenheim
GATX common stock is listed on the New York and Chicago Stock
Exchanges under ticker symbol GMT. The approximate number of
common shareholders of record as of January 31, 2011, was
2,581. The following table shows the reported high and low sales
price of GATX common shares on the New York Stock Exchange,
which is the principal market for GATX shares, and the dividends
declared per share:
First quarter
Second quarter
Third quarter
Fourth quarter
For information pertaining to issuable securities under equity
compensation plans and the related weighted average exercise
price, see Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements
and Item 12, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial
Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters”. For
information regarding restricted net assets, see Note 8 to
the consolidated financial statements.
GATX
Common Stock Performance Graph
The following GATX Common Stock Performance Graph (the
“Performance Graph”) and related information shall not
be deemed “soliciting material” or to be
“filed” with the Securities and Exchange Commission,
nor shall such information be incorporated by reference into any
future filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, each as amended, except to the extent that
the Company specifically incorporates it by reference into such
filing.
The Performance Graph sets forth a comparison of the cumulative
total shareholder return on the Company’s common stock
during the five-year period ending December 31, 2010, with
the cumulative total return of the Standard &
Poor’s 500 Composite Stock Price Index (“S&P
500”) and the Standard & Poor’s MidCap 400
Index (“MidCap 400”) during the same period. The
Company is not aware of any peer companies whose businesses are
directly comparable to that of GATX and, therefore, the graph
below displays the returns of the Mid-Cap 400, which is
comprised of companies with market capitalizations similar to
GATX. The Performance Graph assumes $100 was invested in GATX
common stock and each of the indices on December 31, 2005,
and all dividends were reinvested.
GATX
S&P 500
MidCap 400
Results of Operations
Gross income
Income from continuing operations
Per Share Data
Basic:
Income from continuing operations
Income (loss) from discontinued operations
Total
Average number of common shares
Diluted:
Average number of common shares and common share equivalents
Dividends declared per share of common stock
Financial Condition
Assets
Debt and capital lease obligations
Shareholders’ equity
OVERVIEW
General information and characteristics of GATX Corporation
(“GATX” or the “Company”), including
reporting segments, is included in Item 1,
“Business”, of this document.
The following discussion and analysis should be read in
conjunction with the audited financial statements included
herein. Certain statements within this document may constitute
forward-looking statements within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and are
subject to the safe harbor provisions of those sections and the
Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Some of these
statements may be identified by words such as
“anticipate,” “believe,”
“estimate,” “expect,” “intend,”
“predict,” “project” or other words and
terms of similar meaning. Investors are cautioned that any such
forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future
performance and involve risks and uncertainties, including those
described in the “Risk Factors” section of Part I
of this document. Given these risks and uncertainties, readers
are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward
looking statements, which reflect management’s analysis,
judgment, belief or expectation only as of the date hereof. GATX
has based these forward-looking statements on information
currently available and disclaims any intention or obligation to
update or revise these forward-looking statements to reflect
subsequent events or circumstances.
This “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of
Financial Condition and Results of Operations” is based on
financial data derived from the financial statements prepared in
accordance with Generally Accepted Accounting Principles
(“GAAP”) and certain other financial data that is
prepared using non-GAAP components. For a reconciliation of
these non-GAAP components to the most comparable GAAP
components, see “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” at
the end of this Item.
GATX Corporation leases, operates and manages long-lived, widely
used assets in the rail, marine and industrial equipment
markets. GATX also invests in joint ventures that complement
existing business activities. Headquartered in Chicago,
Illinois, GATX has three financial reporting segments: Rail,
Specialty and American Steamship Company (“ASC”).
The following table presents a financial summary of GATX’s
operating segments:
Gross Income
Rail
Specialty
ASC
Total segment gross income
Other
Consolidated Gross Income
Segment Profit
Total Segment Profit
Less:
Selling, general and administrative expenses
Unallocated interest expense, net
Other income and expense, including eliminations
Income taxes
Consolidated Net Income
Basic earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share
Dividends declared per common share
Investment Volume(a)
Net income, excluding tax benefits and other items
Diluted earnings per share, excluding tax benefits and other
items
Financial
Performance Measures
The following table presents certain financial performance
measures for the Company for the years ended December 31:
Return on equity (“ROE”)
ROE, excluding tax benefits and other items
2010
Summary
Segment
Operations
Segment profit is an internal performance measure used by the
Chief Executive Officer to assess the performance of each
segment in a given period. Segment profit includes all revenues
and GATX’s share of affiliates’ earnings attributable
to the segments as well as ownership and operating costs that
management believes are directly associated with the maintenance
or operation of the revenue earning assets. Operating costs
include maintenance costs, marine operating costs, and other
operating costs such as litigation, asset impairment charges,
provisions for losses, environmental costs and asset storage
costs. Segment profit excludes selling, general and
administrative expenses, income taxes and certain other amounts
not allocated to the segments. These amounts are discussed below
in Other.
GATX allocates debt balances and related interest expense to
each segment based upon a pre-determined fixed recourse leverage
level expressed as a ratio of recourse debt (including off
balance sheet debt) to equity. The leverage levels for Rail,
Specialty and ASC are set at 4:1, 3:1 and 1.5:1, respectively.
Management believes that by utilizing this leverage and interest
expense allocation methodology, each operating segment’s
financial performance reflects appropriate risk-adjusted
borrowing costs.
Rail
Segment
Summary
Operating conditions in Rail’s markets, while slightly
better than anticipated entering 2010, continued to be
challenging throughout the year. As expected, segment profit was
lower compared to the prior year. In particular, pressure on
lease rates and railcar demand in North America led to sharply
lower lease income. Rail entered the year with leases expiring
on approximately 17,000 railcars, the majority of which were
successfully renewed. However, the average lease renewal rate on
cars in the GATX Lease Price Index (the “LPI”, see
definition below) decreased 15.8% from the average expiring
rate, compared to a decrease of 11.0% in 2009 and an increase of
5.2% in 2008. Lease terms on renewals for cars in the LPI
averaged 35 months in 2010, compared to 41 months in
2009 and 63 months in 2008. The reduced term on lease
renewals in 2010 was due in part to Rail’s continued
strategy to shorten term where possible, in anticipation of
improved pricing as markets recover. Utilization, after trending
downward in 2009 to 95.9%, improved to 97.4% at year end 2010.
Rail’s wholly-owned European tank car fleet, which has a
high concentration of cars deployed in the petroleum market,
exhibited relatively stable pricing and demand in 2010. The
number of cars on lease showed a modest increase, and
utilization at year end was 95.7%, compared to 94.7% at the end
of 2009. AAE continued to experience significant pressure on
fleet utilization due to lower demand for intermodal freight
cars, which comprise the bulk of AAE’s fleet. During the
latter part of 2010, AAE began to experience improving market
fundamentals.
Results in 2010 included a modest increase in remarketing income
reflective of a gradual improvement in the secondary market for
rail equipment. Rail also benefited from higher scrapping gains
(included in other income) attributable to an increase in the
price of scrap steel.
Absolute lease rates are improving but are still well below the
levels achieved prior to the economic downturn. Leases covering
approximately 21,000 cars in North America are scheduled to
expire in 2011, many of which were priced in a higher lease rate
environment. The resulting rollover impact of renewals completed
in 2009-10
as well those scheduled in 2011 will negatively impact
Rail’s lease income in the near term.
In this recovering economic environment, Rail will focus on
lease pricing improvement and asset remarketing. Additionally,
Rail is well positioned to pursue investment opportunities to
grow its asset base. Successful execution on these initiatives
combined with continued market improvements are expected to
enhance Rail’s long-term performance.
Rail’s segment results are summarized below (in millions):
Lease income
Asset remarketing income
Other income
Revenues
Affiliate earnings
Ownership Costs
Depreciation
Interest expense, net
Operating lease expense
Other Costs and Expenses
Maintenance expense
Other costs
Lease
Price Index
The GATX Lease Price Index is an internally generated business
indicator that measures general lease rate pricing on renewals
within Rail’s North American fleet. The index reflects the
weighted average lease rate for a select group of railcar types
that Rail believes to be representative of its overall North
American fleet. The LPI measures the percentage change between
the weighted average renewal lease rate and the weighted average
expiring lease rate. Average renewal term reflects the weighted
average renewal lease term in months.
Rail’s
Fleet Data
The following table summarizes fleet activity for Rail’s
North American railcars for the years indicated:
Beginning balance
Cars added
Cars scrapped
Cars sold
Ending balance
Utilization rate at year end
Active railcars at year end
Average active railcars
The following table summarizes fleet activity for Rail’s
European railcars for the years indicated:
Cars scrapped or sold
The following table summarizes fleet activity for Rail’s
North American locomotives for the years indicated:
Locomotives added
Locomotives scrapped or sold
Active locomotives at year end
Average active locomotives
Rail’s
Lease Income
Components of Rail’s lease income as of December 31 are
outlined below (in millions):
North American railcars
European railcars
Locomotives
Segment
Profit
Rail’s segment profit was $150.6 million in 2010
compared to $169.1 million in 2009. The 2010 results
included $10.4 million of unrealized losses due to changes
in the fair value of the AAE interest rate swaps, compared to
$24.4 million of unrealized losses in 2009. Excluding the
impact of these items from both years, the unfavorable current
year variance of $32.5 million was primarily due to lower
lease income in North America.
Gross
Income
Gross income for 2010 was $2.1 million lower than the prior
year. The variance was significantly impacted by a
$31.2 million decrease in lease income, partially offset by
a $14.0 million decrease in unrealized losses on the AAE
interest rate swaps. Lease income in North America decreased
$32.4 million, primarily due to fewer cars on lease and the
impact of lower renewal lease rates. On average during 2010,
there were approximately 2,100 fewer railcars on lease as
compared to 2009, primarily due to lease-end returns. Current
year active cars include a portfolio acquisition of 2,535 cars
completed in November. In Europe, a $1.0 million decrease
in lease income was largely driven by the foreign exchange
effect of a stronger U.S. dollar, partially offset by
higher lease rates and an average of 169 more cars on lease. In
2010, locomotives contributed $2.2 million in additional
lease income due to more locomotives on lease. Asset remarketing
income increased $3.4 million due to increased railcar
sales in the current year. Other income was $14.4 million
higher, driven by higher scrapping gains, an end of lease
settlement and higher mileage revenue, which is partially offset
in other costs. Excluding the impact of the unrealized losses on
the AAE interest rate swaps from both years, affiliates’
earnings decreased $2.7 million, primarily due to lower
operating results at AAE attributable to lower lease revenues,
partially offset by an asset remarketing gain at another
affiliate.
AAE holds multiple derivative instruments intended to hedge
interest rate risk associated with forecasted floating rate debt
issuances. These instruments do not qualify for hedge accounting
and as a result, changes in their fair values are recognized
currently in income. The unrealized losses recognized were
primarily driven by declines in benchmark interest rates.
AAE’s earnings may be impacted by future unrealized gains
or losses associated with these instruments.
Ownership
Costs
Ownership costs in 2010 were comparable to 2009. The mix of
ownership costs was impacted by a sale and lease-back of
railcars in each year.
Other
Costs and Expenses
Maintenance expense increased $1.0 million in 2010, net of
a $0.5 million favorable foreign exchange effect of a
stronger U.S. dollar. Maintenance expense in North America
decreased $3.3 million, primarily due to lower program and
railroad repairs, largely offset by higher base fleet repairs.
Excluding the currency impact, maintenance expense in Europe
increased $4.8 million, primarily due to higher volume of
underframe revisions, higher material costs and the absence of a
prior year warranty settlement, partially offset by lower costs
for replacement wheelsets. GATX’s European rail operations
have undertaken a multi-year wheelset replacement program in
response to industry and regulatory changes. Although the
majority of the costs incurred under this program are
capitalized, it is causing car volumes at repair shops to be
much higher than normal. Additionally, other maintenance and
repairs are performed on these cars while they are in the shop,
resulting in higher maintenance expenses. In 2010, capitalized
costs relating to replaced wheelsets were $27.6 million.
Other costs in 2010 were $13.7 million higher than the
prior year. In 2009, a net $2.5 million benefit was
recorded upon the restructuring of a lease contract with a
customer that declared bankruptcy and a $3.9 million
insurance recovery was received related to a fire at a GATX
repair facility in Europe. In the current year, higher storage
fees, asset impairment charges and net remeasurement losses on
non-functional currency denominated assets and liabilities also
contributed to the increase. Asset impairments in the current
year primarily consisted of a $4.8 million charge in North
America resulting from an Association of American Railroads
industry-wide regulatory mandate that resulted in a significant
decrease to the expected economic life of 358 GATX aluminum
hopper railcars.
Comparison
of Year Ended December 31, 2009, to Year Ended
December 31, 2008
Rail’s segment profit of $169.1 million in 2009
decreased 45.4% or $140.4 million from 2008. The 2009
results included $24.4 million of unrealized losses due to
changes in the fair value of the AAE interest rate swaps.
Results for 2008 included a $12.0 million gain on the sale
of an office building and the reversal of $8.2 million of
reserves due to the settlement of an environmental liability,
both in Europe, and $3.7 million of unrealized losses on
the AAE interest rate swaps. Excluding the impact of these items
from both years, the unfavorable variance of $99.5 million
was primarily due to lower lease, scrapping and remarketing
income and higher ownership and maintenance costs.
Gross income for 2009 was $108.9 million lower than 2008.
The decrease was significantly impacted by a $20.7 million
increase in unrealized losses on the AAE interest rate swaps, a
$19.7 million decrease in scrapping gains and the absence
of a $12.0 million gain on the sale of an office building
in Europe recorded in 2008. Lease income in North America
decreased $14.2 million, primarily due to rent reductions
of $7.0 million on restructured leases resulting from
customer bankruptcies and non-performing leases. Also, on
average during 2009, there were approximately 850 fewer railcars
on lease as compared to 2008, primarily due to lease-end
returns. 2009 active cars include 3,650 cars acquired in
December 2008 from Allco Finance Group Limited
(“Allco”). In Europe, a $10.9 million decrease in
lease income was largely driven by the foreign exchange effect
of a stronger U.S. dollar, partially offset by higher lease
rates and an average of 40 more cars on lease. Asset remarketing
income decreased $17.3 million, primarily due to fewer
asset sales in 2009. Other income was $35.7 million lower,
primarily due to lower scrap income (driven by significantly
lower steel prices) and the absence of a $12.0 million gain
on the sale of an office building and a $2.8 million lease
termination fee both recorded in 2008. Excluding the impact of
the unrealized losses on the AAE interest rate swaps from both
years, affiliates’ earnings decreased $7.2 million,
primarily due to lower operating results at AAE attributable to
lower lease revenues largely driven by weak economic conditions.
Ownership costs in 2009 increased $13.3 million, primarily
due to depreciation and interest expense associated with
investment volume, particularly the acquisition of the Allco
fleet at the end of 2008, partially offset by the foreign
exchange effect of a stronger U.S. dollar. The mix of
ownership costs was impacted by the purchases of previously
leased-in railcars in 2009 and 2008 and the sale and lease-back
of railcars in 2009.
Maintenance expense in 2009 increased $13.6 million, net of
a $7.9 million decrease due to the foreign exchange effect
of a stronger U.S. dollar. Maintenance expense in North
America increased $15.0 million, primarily due to higher
car volumes resulting from increased lessee turnover and higher
regulatory compliance costs. Excluding the currency impact,
maintenance expense in Europe increased $6.5 million,
primarily due to higher wheelset replacement costs incurred in
response to industry and regulatory changes.
Other costs include provisions for losses, asset impairment
charges, remeasurement gains and losses on non-functional
currency assets and liabilities and other operating costs. In
2008, a $6.9 million provision for losses was recorded
related to a direct finance lease to a customer that declared
bankruptcy. In 2009, upon restructuring of the lease terms in
bankruptcy court, the classification of the lease changed to an
operating lease and all finance lease balances were reversed,
including the provision. As a result of the lease
reclassification, the operating lease assets were recorded at
fair value and an impairment charge of $4.4 million was
recorded, representing the difference between fair value and
carrying value. The impact to operating results in 2009 was a
net expense reduction of $2.5 million. Additional asset
impairment charges, unrelated to this customer, of
$2.9 million were also recorded in 2009, compared to
$0.2 million in 2008. Remeasurement gains of
$1.1 million were recorded in 2009, compared to
$8.6 million in 2008. Other operating costs were
$31.4 million in 2009 compared to $27.4 million in
2008. Costs in 2009 included a $3.9 million insurance
recovery related to a fire at a GATX repair facility in Europe
and in 2008 included the reversal of $8.2 million of
environmental reserves in Europe. Excluding these two items,
other operating costs in 2009 increased $8.3 million
primarily due to higher switching and car storage costs related
to lessee turnover activity.
Railcar
Regulatory Issues
Consistent with recent changes in European railcar industry
practices and regulatory directives announced after the
June 29, 2009, accident in the city of Viareggio, Italy,
GATX Rail Austria GmbH (an indirect subsidiary of the Company,
“GATX Rail Austria”) and its subsidiaries have
implemented a modified wheelset maintenance and inspection
program, which includes the installation of new wheelsets in
certain cases. Future industry actions and regulatory directives
may require further modifications of the maintenance and
inspection practices of GATX Rail Austria and its subsidiaries.
GATX Rail Austria and its subsidiaries will continue to incur
higher maintenance expenses and capital costs over the next
several years as implementation of the wheelset program
proceeds. In the longer run, it is expected that the wheelset
maintenance and inspection program will lead to higher
depreciation expense, but lower maintenance costs, in the future
related to capitalized wheelset improvements. The complete scope
and cost of any potential future maintenance initiatives, in
addition to those implemented as part of the modified wheelset
maintenance and inspection program, are not fully known at this
time. The Company does not currently expect that the costs
associated with the modified wheelset maintenance and inspection
program and other potential initiatives will be material to the
Company’s financial position or liquidity. However, any
such costs could have a material adverse effect on the results
of operations in a particular quarter or fiscal year. See
Note 22 for additional information.
Labor
Agreements
The hourly employees at Rail’s three U.S. service
centers are represented by the United Steelworkers
(“USW”) and are operating under a collective
bargaining agreement that is in effect through February 2013.
Employees at three of Rail’s Canadian service centers are
represented by the Communication, Energy and Paperworkers Union
of Canada (“CEP”) under separate collective bargaining
agreements. Two of the three agreements are in effect until
January 2013 and January 2014 and the third agreement expired in
January 2011 and is currently in negotiations.
The hourly employees at the fourth Canadian service center are
represented by an independent employee association with a
collective bargaining agreement scheduled to expire on December
2013.
Specialty
Specialty’s total asset base, including off balance sheet
assets, was $744.4 million at December 31, 2010,
compared to $676.9 million at December 31, 2009, and
$652.9 million at December 31, 2008. Investment volume
in 2010 was $97.4 million compared to $119.5 million
in 2009 and consisted of $27.9 million in joint ventures
(including a scheduled principal payment of $6.8 million on
a loan from an affiliate) and $69.0 million in industrial
equipment. The estimated net book value equivalent of assets
managed by Specialty for third parties was $241.9 million
at December 31, 2010.
Specialty’s financial results declined in 2010 primarily
due to lower asset remarketing income and affiliates’
earnings. Capital market volatility, while improved, continued
to create downward pressure on certain asset prices, resulting
in reduced asset remarketing opportunities. In addition,
activity in the secondary markets for equipment types favored by
Specialty was limited, which narrowed the range of acceptable
investment opportunities. In 2011, Specialty will be focused on
pursuing growth and capitalizing on select asset remarketing
opportunities.
Affiliates’ earnings has historically been a significant
contributor to Specialty’s segment income and that trend
continued in 2010, however, at lower levels. While the
Rolls-Royce affiliate continued to produce strong operating
results, low demand and excess capacity in the international
shipping markets led to downward pressure on charter rates and
reduced volumes in most shipping sectors, negatively impacting
results at the marine affiliates. While shipping markets have
generally stabilized, a continued supply of newly-built vessels
is entering the market, further pressuring charter rates. These
conditions are expected to continue into 2011.
Specialty’s segment results are summarized below (in
millions):
Ownership costs
Comparison
of Year Ended December 31, 2010, to Year Ended
December 31, 2009
Specialty’s segment profit of $48.7 million was
$2.9 million lower than the prior year. The decrease was
primarily due to lower affiliates’ earnings and asset
remarketing income.
Lease income was comparable to the prior year. Asset remarketing
income decreased $1.8 million from the prior year,
primarily due to reduced secondary market activity. Other income
decreased $1.4 million, primarily due to lower current
period gains on sales of securities and lower fee income.
Affiliates’ earnings decreased $2.2 million, primarily
due to lower marine joint venture operating earnings and a
vessel impairment charge, partially offset by higher asset
remarketing income. Affiliate asset remarketing income was
$5.4 million in 2010 compared to $2.8 million in 2009.
Ownership costs increased $0.3 million from the prior year,
primarily due to interest expense from higher debt balances
associated with current and prior year investments, largely
offset by lower depreciation expense due to the net impact and
timing of assets sold and new investments in each period.
Other costs and expenses decreased $3.2 million from the
prior year, primarily due to lower provisions for losses and
asset impairment charges, partially offset by higher operating
costs for pooled barges. Other operating
expenses include net reversals of provisions of
$1.5 million in 2010 compared to loss provisions of
$3.7 million in 2009. Asset impairment charges in 2010 were
$1.9 million compared to $2.7 million in 2009.
Specialty’s 2009 segment profit of $51.6 million was
$54.3 million or 51.3% lower than 2008. The decrease was
primarily due to significantly lower joint venture and asset
remarketing income and higher interest expense.
Gross income decreased $45.6 million from 2008, primarily
due to lower joint venture and asset remarketing income. Lease
income decreased $2.1 million, primarily due to lower usage
rents from pooled barges. Asset remarketing income decreased
$7.5 million from 2008. The 2009 asset remarketing income
consisted primarily of $11.1 million of residual sharing
gains and 2008 included $11.4 million of residual sharing
gains from the sale of assets in the managed portfolio and
$7.1 million from the sale of marine equipment. Other
income decreased $2.3 million, primarily due to
$2.4 million of fees received in 2008 from the termination
of residual value guarantee contracts. Affiliates’ earnings
decreased $33.7 million, primarily due to a combination of
factors in the marine joint ventures, including lower charter
rates and shipping volumes attributable to the slowdown in the
global economy and several out of service vessels undergoing
unplanned repairs. Affiliates’ earnings also included
$2.8 million of remarketing gains in 2009 compared to
$10.3 million in 2008.
Ownership costs increased $8.7 million from 2008, primarily
due to depreciation and interest expense related to investments
made in 2008 and 2009, including the repayment of an affiliate
shareholder loan in 2009.
Other costs and expenses in 2009 were comparable to 2008 as
higher provisions for losses and asset impairment charges were
offset by lower pooled barge operating costs and a favorable
difference in the fair value adjustment for warrants. Provisions
for losses in 2009 were $3.7 million compared to
$0.3 million in 2008 and asset impairment charges in 2009
were $2.7 million compared to $2.3 million in 2008.
ASC
ASC’s markets improved from the severe downturn experienced
in 2009 and shipping volumes increased significantly in 2010
driven by a recovery in steel manufacturing and increased demand
for iron ore. During 2010, ASC deployed 13 vessels compared
to 12 vessels in 2009. However, notwithstanding the gains
achieved, volumes remain well below the levels realized prior to
the economic decline. In addition, further near term growth in
volumes will depend on the sustainability of the economic
recovery, which is uncertain at this time. Anticipated volume in
2011 is expected to be similar to levels achieved in 2010 and
ASC expects that 11 vessels will likely be put into service
for the year. To manage winter maintenance costs, ASC will
prepare vessels for service as customer volume commitments are
finalized.
ASC’s segment results are summarized below (in millions):
Marine operating revenues
Marine operating expense
ASC’s segment profit for 2010 was $12.5 million higher
than the prior year, primarily due to significantly higher
freight volume. Additionally, the prior year results included
the receipt of a $5.6 million litigation settlement.
Gross income in 2010 increased $56.9 million from prior
year, primarily due to higher freight volume and fuel surcharges
(the effect of which is largely offset in operating costs). In
accordance with certain contract provisions, ASC is able to
recover a large portion of fuel cost increases from its
customers. Total net tons carried in 2010 were
28.0 million, an increase of 6.8 million or 32% from
2009, with iron ore volume increasing 6.3 million net tons.
Ownership costs were comparable between the two periods.
Maintenance costs were $3.0 million lower, primarily due to
more effective management of winter maintenance in 2010. Marine
operating expenses increased $41.9 million, primarily due
to increased expenses associated with higher tonnage shipped and
higher fuel prices, which are recoverable through fuel
surcharges. Other costs in 2009 were favorably impacted by the
aforementioned litigation settlement.
ASC’s segment profit in 2009 decreased $10.1 million
from 2008. The decrease was primarily due to significantly lower
freight volume in 2009, partially offset by lower depreciation
expense due to an increase in the estimated depreciable lives of
certain of ASC’s vessels. Additionally, segment profit was
impacted by a $5.6 million litigation recovery recorded in
2009 compared to a $3.3 million litigation loss recorded in
2008.
Gross income in 2009 decreased $138.8 million from 2008,
primarily due to significantly lower freight volume and reduced
fuel surcharges (the effect of which is largely offset in
operating costs). Net tons carried in 2009 were
21.2 million compared to 35.7 million in 2008, with
iron ore volume declining by 10.3 million, coal declining
by 2.4 million and limestone declining by 2.0 million.
Ownership costs decreased $3.8 million, primarily due to
$3.2 million lower depreciation expense resulting from an
increase in the estimated useful lives of 12 of ASC’s
18 vessels.
Maintenance costs were $1.5 million lower, primarily due to
the deployment of fewer vessels into service. Marine operating
expenses decreased $114.6 million, primarily due to reduced
shipping activity in 2009. Other costs in 2009 included the
receipt of a $5.6 million litigation settlement and, in
2008, included a $3.3 million litigation loss (including
legal costs).
ASC
Regulatory Issues
In 2009, the U.S. Coast Guard (“Coast Guard”)
issued proposed ballast water treatment standards, to be
implemented in two phases, for allowable concentrations of
living organisms in ballast water discharged when transiting
between all major U.S. ports, including those on the Great
Lakes. The phase-one standard is based on the International
Maritime Organization’s standard. Installations of
phase-one treatment systems would be required by the first
dry-docking after 2016 for ASC’s existing fleet and all new
vessels after January 2012. Adoption of the phase-two standard
is subject to a technical review to determine whether technology
to achieve the standard can be practicably implemented. If
implemented, the phase-two standard would be 1,000-times more
stringent than the phase-one standard.
In January 2011, the Coast Guard announced that it expects to
publish final rules in April 2011. If the final rules are
implemented as proposed in 2009, they would significantly impact
the operations of all Great Lakes carriers, including ASC, as
the efficient operation of lake vessels requires the rapid
discharge of large volumes of ballast water to minimize time
spent in port. Currently, there are no rapid discharge systems
capable of treating to the phase-one standard and no treatment
systems of any kind capable of treating to the phase-two
standard. ASC is working cooperatively with federal and state
agencies as well as with members of the scientific community to
find alternate means of achieving the proposed standards that
can be tested and accepted by state and federal agencies prior
to the proposed compliance dates.
The shipboard personnel at ASC belong to the American Maritime
Officers (“AMO”), the Seafarers International Union
(“SIU”) and the United Steelworkers, Local 5000
(“Local 5000”), as the case may be. ASC has agreements
with the SIU and AMO that are effective through mid-2011. The
collective bargaining agreement with Local 5000 expired in
August 2009 and soon thereafter Local 5000 went on strike. In
October 2009, Local 5000 and ASC reached a tentative bargaining
agreement to settle the strike, but in November 2009 the
tentative agreement was rejected by the union’s membership
and the members remain on strike. Given decreased demand in
2010, ASC only operated two of the six vessels represented by
Local 5000 and used temporary replacement workers to crew the
vessels. ASC did not experience any material operating delays or
constraints as a result of the strike and does not anticipate
any material operating delays or constraints in the 2011 sailing
season.
Other
Other is comprised of selling, general and administrative
expenses, unallocated interest expense and miscellaneous income
and expense not directly associated with the reporting segments
and eliminations.
Components of Other are outlined below (in millions):
Effective income tax rate
SG&A,
Unallocated Interest and Other
In 2010, SG&A of $134.8 million increased
$7.0 million or 5.5% from 2009. The increase was driven by
higher compensation, outside legal and consulting expenses,
partially offset by the effects of foreign exchange. In 2009,
SG&A decreased $41.1 million from 2008, primarily due
to a $22.6 million reduction in compensation expense and
the absence of $5.2 million of business development
expenses and a $2.3 million impairment charge associated
with a terminated IT project, both of which were incurred in
2008.
Unallocated interest expense is the difference between external
interest expense (net of interest income earned on certain cash
balances) and amounts allocated to the reporting segments in
accordance with assigned leverage targets. The amount of
unallocated interest in any year is affected by the timing of
debt issuances and investment fundings as well as the level of
cash balances. Interest income included in unallocated interest
expense was $0.1 million, $0.1 million and
$0.6 million for 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Other income and expense in 2010 primarily reflects a
$6.5 million benefit from the resolution of a litigation
matter and a $1.7 million recovery on a previously impaired
money market fund investment, partially offset by a
$2.0 million addition to an environmental reserve related
to a sold facility. Other income and expense in 2009 primarily
consisted of the reversal of a non-income tax accrual, and in
2008 primarily consisted of a $3.8 million
impairment loss on a money market fund investment, the net asset
value of which fell below one dollar per share. Eliminations
were immaterial for all periods presented.
Consolidated
Income Taxes
GATX’s effective tax rate for 2010 was 17.1% compared to
24.6% in 2009 and 27.2% in 2008. In 2010, GATX’s effective
tax rate included a $9.5 million benefit, primarily
attributable to the reversal of accruals resulting from the
close of certain domestic and foreign tax audits. Additionally,
a $1.9 million deferred tax benefit was recognized in
connection with a reduction in the statutory tax rates in the
United Kingdom. In 2009, foreign tax credits of
$7.4 million were recognized upon completion of an
international tax strategy that included the repatriation of
approximately $174 million in foreign earnings. The
effective tax rate for 2008 included a deferred tax benefit of
$6.8 million attributable to the expiration of the statute
of limitations on a state income tax position taken in a prior
year. Excluding the tax benefits noted herein, GATX’s
effective tax rate was 28.8% in 2010, 31.5% in 2009 and 29.7% in
2008. Variability of GATX’s effective tax rate is driven in
part by the mix of pre-tax income among domestic and foreign
jurisdictions. See Note 12 to the consolidated financial
statements for additional information on income taxes.
Assets
Assets were $5.4 billion at December 31, 2010 compared
to $5.2 billion at December 31, 2009. In addition to
assets recorded on its balance sheet, GATX utilizes
approximately $1.0 billion of other assets, primarily
railcars, which are financed with operating leases and therefore
are not recorded on the balance sheet. The off balance sheet
assets represent the estimated present value of GATX’s
committed future operating lease payments.
The following table presents assets by segment as of December 31
(in millions):
Gross
Receivables
Receivables of $418.8 million at December 31, 2010,
which include leveraged leases net of nonrecourse debt,
increased $40.4 million from December 31, 2009,
primarily due to an increase in direct finances leases.
Allowance
for Possible Losses
The purpose of the allowance is to provide an estimate of credit
losses inherent in reservable assets. Reservable assets are
divided into two categories: rent and other receivables, which
represent short-term trade billings, and finance lease
receivables. Reserves for rent and other receivables are based
on historical loss experience and judgments about the impact of
present economic conditions, collateral values, and the state of
the markets in which GATX operates. In addition, GATX may
establish specific reserves for known troubled accounts. Reserve
estimates for finance lease receivables are generally evaluated
on a customer specific basis, considering the same factors as
rent and other receivables as well as a regular assessment of
each customer’s specific credit situation. Amounts are
charged against the allowance when they are deemed to be
uncollectable. As of December 31, 2010, the net book value
of GATX’s investment in a non-performing leveraged lease
was $16.7 million. There were no material changes in
estimation methods or assumptions for the allowance during 2010.
GATX believes that the allowance is
adequate to cover losses inherent in its reservable assets as of
December 31, 2010. Since the allowance is based on
judgments and estimates, it is possible actual losses incurred
will differ from the estimate.
As of December 31, 2010, allowances for trade receivables
were $2.2 million or 3.0% of rent and other receivables
compared to $2.5 million or 3.6% at December 31, 2009.
Specific allowances for finance leases were $9.4 million at
December 31, 2010, compared to $10.9 million at
December 31, 2009.
The following summarizes changes in GATX’s allowance for
possible losses as of December 31 (in millions):
(Reversal) provision for losses
Charges to allowance
Recoveries and other, including foreign exchange adjustments
Operating
Assets and Facilities
Net operating assets and facilities increased
$100.5 million from 2009. The increase was primarily due to
investments of $507.2 million, partially offset by
dispositions of $134.7 million, depreciation of
$217.0 million and $33.1 million due to foreign
exchange rate effects.
Investments
in Affiliated Companies
Investments in affiliated companies increased $33.9 million
in 2010, primarily due to investments of $64.7 million and
equity earnings of $38.1 million, partially offset by
dividend and capital distributions of $54.7 million.
The following table shows GATX’s investment in affiliated
companies by segment as of December 31 (in millions):
See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements for
additional information about investments in affiliated companies.
Goodwill
In 2010 and 2009, changes in the balance of GATX’s
goodwill, all of which is attributable to the Rail segment,
resulted solely from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
GATX tested its goodwill for impairment in the fourth quarter of
2010 and no impairment was indicated. While GATX does not
believe that the carrying value of goodwill is at risk of
becoming impaired in future periods, an impairment could result
if existing depressed market conditions continue for an extended
period or otherwise worsen.
Debt
Total debt increased $263.7 million from the prior year,
primarily due to debt issuances of $578.1 million and a net
increase of $46.8 million in commercial paper and
borrowings under bank credit facilities, partially offset by
scheduled maturities and principal payments of
$344.2 million.
The following table sets forth the details of GATX’s debt
issuances in 2010:
Recourse Unsecured
The following table summarizes the carrying value of GATX’s
debt by major component, including off balance sheet debt, as of
December 31, 2010 (in millions):
Commercial paper and borrowings under bank credit facilities
Recourse debt
Nonrecourse debt
Capital lease obligations
Balance sheet debt
Recourse off balance sheet debt(a)
Nonrecourse off balance sheet debt(a)
Equity
Total equity increased $11.1 million from the prior year,
primarily due to $80.8 million of net income,
$9.7 million from effects of share based compensation and
$5.1 million from the effects of post-retirement benefit
plan adjustments, partially offset by $53.9 million of
dividends and a $28.4 million foreign currency translation
adjustment due to the balance sheet effects of a stronger
U.S. dollar.
GATX generates a significant amount of cash from its operating
activities and proceeds from its investment portfolio, which is
used to service debt, pay dividends, and fund portfolio
investments and capital additions. Cash flows from operations
and portfolio proceeds are impacted by changes in working
capital and the timing of asset dispositions. As a result, cash
flow components will vary materially from quarter to quarter and
year to year. As of December 31, 2010, GATX had
unrestricted cash balances of $78.5 million.
Net Cash
Provided by Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities of $242.1 million
decreased $23.3 million compared to 2009. In the first
quarter of 2010, GATX discovered a clerical error in the
preparation of its Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the
fourth quarter of 2009, resulting in a $13.1 million
overstatement of net cash provided by operating activities for
the year ending December 31, 2009. Management determined
that the effect of this error was immaterial and adjusted its
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows in 2010 to correct this
error. Excluding the effect of this error from both periods,
cash from operations increased $2.9 million, primarily due
to a $30.6 million
decrease in contributions to GATX’s domestic funded pension
plans and higher income from ASC, largely offset by lower Rail
lease income and higher operating lease payments.
Portfolio
Investments and Capital Additions
Portfolio investments and capital additions primarily consist of
purchases of operating assets, investments in joint ventures,
loans and capitalized asset improvements. During 2010, Rail
acquired approximately 5,300 railcars in North America and 650
railcars in Europe, compared to approximately 3,800 total
railcars in 2009. Additionally, in 2010 Rail invested
$36.8 million in Adler Funding LLC, a new affiliate.
Specialty investments in 2010 primarily consisted of
$69.0 million in industrial equipment and
$27.9 million in joint ventures (including scheduled
principal payments of $6.8 million on a shareholder loan).
Specialty investments in 2009 included $81.4 million in
joint ventures (including scheduled principal payments of
$55.4 million on a shareholder loan) and $33.4 million
in industrial equipment. ASC investments primarily consisted of
structural and mechanical upgrades to its vessels. Other
investments primarily consisted of information technology
expenditures that support GATX’s operations. The timing of
investments is dependent on purchase commitments, transaction
opportunities and market conditions.
The following table presents the cash component of portfolio
investments and capital additions by segment for the years ended
December 31 (in millions):
Rail(a)
Portfolio
Proceeds
Portfolio proceeds primarily consist of loan and finance lease
receipts, proceeds from asset remarketing and sales of
securities, and capital distributions from affiliates. Portfolio
proceeds in 2008 were favorably impacted by high levels of asset
remarketing proceeds.
Portfolio proceeds were as follows for the years ended December
31 (in millions):
Finance lease rents received, net of earned income and leveraged
lease nonrecourse debt service
Loan principal received
Proceeds from asset remarketing
Other investment distributions and sales of securities
Capital distributions from affiliates
Other
Investing Activity
In 2010 and 2009, Rail completed sale-leasebacks for 947 and 597
railcars, respectively. In 2010, 2009 and 2008, Rail acquired
292, 571 and 3,628 previously leased-in railcars, respectively.
Additionally, the 2008 acquisition included the assumption of
$74.7 million of nonrecourse debt. Proceeds from sales of
other assets primarily relate to the scrapping of railcars and
in 2008 also include $22.2 million of proceeds from the
sale of the office building in Europe. The increase in
restricted cash in 2010 was primarily related to
$30.5 million of contributions to two wholly-owned special
purpose corporations that were formed in prior years to finance
railcars on a structured, non-recourse basis. These one-time
contributions were intended to reduce additional interest
expense and penalties that might otherwise accrue under the
terms of the applicable financing arrangements. Other investing
activity in 2008 reflects the balance sheet reclassification of
a money market fund investment that became illiquid when the per
share net asset value fell below one dollar. Other investing
activity in 2009 and 2010 consisted of distributions from this
fund.
Other investing activity was as follows for the years ended
December 31 (in millions):
Purchases of leased-in assets
Proceeds from sales of other assets
Proceeds from sale-leaseback
Net (increase) decrease in restricted cash
Net Cash
provided by Financing Activities
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities was as
follows for the years ended December 31 (in millions):
Net proceeds from issuances of debt (original maturities longer
than 90 days)
Repayments of debt (original maturities longer than 90 days)
Net increase (decrease) in debt with original maturities of
90 days or less
Payments on capital lease obligations
Stock repurchases(a)
Employee exercises of stock options
Cash dividends
Derivative settlements
General
GATX funds its investments and meets its debt, lease and
dividend obligations through available cash balances, cash
generated from operating activities, portfolio proceeds, sales
of other assets, commercial paper issuances, committed revolving
credit facilities and the issuance of secured and unsecured
debt. Cash from operations and commercial paper issuances are
the primary sources of cash used to fund daily operations. GATX
utilizes both domestic and international capital markets and
banks for its debt financing needs.
Principal sources and uses of cash were as follows for the years
ended December 31 (in millions):
Principal sources of cash
Net cash provided by operating activities
Portfolio proceeds
Other asset sales
Proceeds from issuance of debt, commercial paper and credit
facilities
Principal uses of cash
Portfolio investments and capital additions
Stock repurchases
Repayments of debt, commercial paper and credit facilities
Shelf
Registration Statement
GATX maintains an effective shelf registration statement on file
with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission
(“SEC”) that enables it to issue public debt
securities and pass-through certificates. The registration
statement expires in August 2013.
Short-Term
Borrowings
GATX primarily uses short-term borrowings as a source of working
capital and to temporarily fund differences between operating
cash flows and portfolio proceeds, and capital investments and
debt maturities. GATX does not maintain or target any particular
level of short-term borrowings on a permanent basis. Rather,
short-term borrowings tend to follow a cyclical process of
increasing over time until they are paid down using the proceeds
from a long-term debt issuance and then the process begins again.
The following tables provide certain information regarding
GATX’s short-term borrowings:
Balance as of December 31 (in millions)
Weighted average interest rate
Euro/Dollar exchange rate
Average monthly amount outstanding during year (in millions)
Average Euro/Dollar exchange rate
Average monthly amount outstanding during
4th
quarter (in millions)
Maximum month-end amount outstanding ($ in millions)
GATX has a $550 million unsecured revolving credit facility
in the U.S. that matures in May 2012. At December 31,
2010, availability under this facility was $450.6 million,
with $89.1 million of commercial paper outstanding and
$10.3 million of letters of credit issued, both of which
are backed by the facility. GATX also has unsecured lines of
credit in Europe totaling $107.1 million. At
December 31, 2010, availability under these lines of credit
was $72.5 million.
Restrictive
Covenants
GATX’s $550 million revolving credit facility contains
various restrictive covenants, including requirements to
maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio and an asset coverage
test. GATX’s ratio of earnings to fixed charges, as defined
in this facility, was 1.5 for the period ended December 31,
2010, in excess of the minimum covenant ratio of 1.2. At
December 31, 2010, GATX was in compliance with all
covenants and conditions of the $550 million facility.
Certain of GATX’s bank term loans have the same financial
covenants as the $550 million facility.
The indentures for GATX’s public debt contain limitation on
liens provisions that limit the amount of secured indebtedness
that GATX may incur, subject to several exceptions, including
those permitting an unlimited amount of purchase money
indebtedness and nonrecourse indebtedness. In addition to the
previously specified exceptions, GATX would be able to incur
liens securing a maximum of $883.2 million of additional
indebtedness as of December 31, 2010. At December 31,
2010, GATX was in compliance with all covenants and conditions
of the indentures.
The loan agreements for certain of GATX’s wholly-owned
European Rail subsidiaries (collectively, “GRE”) also
contain restrictive covenants, including leverage and cash flow
covenants specific to those subsidiaries, restrictions on making
loans and limitations on the ability of those subsidiaries to
repay loans to certain related parties (including GATX) and to
pay dividends to GATX. The covenants relating to loans and
dividends effectively limit the ability of GRE to transfer funds
to GATX. At December 31, 2010, the maximum amount that GRE
could transfer to GATX without violating its covenants was
$14.0 million, implying that $395.8 million of
subsidiary net assets were restricted. Restricted net assets are
defined as equity less 50% of free cash flow. At
December 31, 2010, GRE was in compliance with all covenants
and conditions of these loan agreements.
Another subsidiary’s financing, guaranteed by GATX,
contains various restrictive covenants, including requirements
for GATX to maintain a defined net worth and a fixed charge
coverage ratio. This fixed charge coverage ratio covenant is
less restrictive than that contained in the revolving credit
facility.
GATX does not anticipate any covenant violations nor does it
anticipate that any of these covenants will restrict its
operations or its ability to procure additional financing.
See Note 8 to the consolidated financial statements for
detailed information on GATX’s credit facilities, debt
obligations and related restrictive covenants.
Credit
Ratings
The availability of GATX’s funding options may be affected
by certain factors, including the global capital market
environment and outlook as well as GATX’s financial
performance. GATX’s access to capital markets at
competitive rates is dependent on its credit rating and rating
outlook, as determined by rating agencies such as
Standard & Poor’s (“S&P”) and
Moody’s Investor Service (“Moody’s”). In
August 2010, S&P lowered its credit rating on GATX’s
long-term unsecured debt from BBB+ to BBB and revised
GATX’s rating outlook from negative to stable. In September
2010, Moody’s affirmed GATX’s Baa1 credit rating and
revised GATX’s rating outlook from negative to stable.
GATX’s short-term unsecured debt ratings of
A-2 by
S&P and
P-2 by
Moody’s are unchanged.
2011
Liquidity Position
GATX expects that it will be able to meet its contractual
obligations for 2011 through a combination of projected cash
from operations, portfolio proceeds and its revolving credit
facilities as well as available cash at December 31, 2010.
Contractual
and Other Commercial Commitments
Contractual
Commitments
At December 31, 2010, GATX’s contractual commitments,
including debt maturities, lease payments, and portfolio
investments were (in millions):
Commercial paper and credit facilities
Operating leases — recourse
Operating leases — nonrecourse
Portfolio investments(a)
Contractual
Cash Receipts
The Company’s contractual cash receipts arising from
minimum future lease payments from finance leases, net of debt
payments for leveraged leases, and minimum future rental
receipts from noncancelable operating leases as of
December 31, 2010, were (in millions):
Finance leases
Operating leases
Commercial
Commitments
In connection with certain investments or transactions, GATX has
entered into various commercial commitments, such as guarantees
and standby letters of credit, which could require performance
in the event of demands by third parties. Similar to GATX’s
balance sheet investments, these guarantees expose GATX to
credit, market and equipment risk; accordingly, GATX evaluates
its commitments and other contingent obligations using
techniques similar to those used to evaluate funded transactions.
GATX’s commercial commitments at December 31, 2010
were (in millions):
Affiliate guarantees
Asset residual value guarantees
Lease payment guarantees
Total guarantees
Standby letters of credit and bonds
Affiliate guarantees generally involve guaranteeing repayment of
the financing utilized to acquire or lease in assets and are in
lieu of making direct equity investments in the affiliate. GATX
is not aware of any event that would require it to satisfy these
guarantees and expects the affiliates to generate sufficient
cash flow to satisfy their lease and loan obligations.
Asset residual value guarantees represent GATX’s commitment
to third parties that an asset or group of assets will be worth
a specified amount at the end of a lease term. Approximately 71%
of the Company’s asset residual value guarantees are
related to rail equipment. Based on known facts and current
market conditions, management does not believe that the asset
residual value guarantees will result in any negative financial
impact to GATX. Historically, gains associated with the residual
value guarantees have exceeded any losses incurred. GATX
believes these asset residual value guarantees will likely
generate future income in the form of fees and residual sharing
proceeds.
Lease payment guarantees represent GATX’s guarantees to
financial institutions of finance and operating lease payments
to unrelated parties. Any liability resulting from GATX’s
performance pursuant to the lease payment guarantees will be
reduced by the value realized from the underlying asset or group
of assets.
GATX and its subsidiaries are also parties to standing letters
of credit and bonds primarily related to workers’
compensation and general liability insurance coverages. No
material claims have been made against these obligations. At
December 31, 2010, GATX does not expect any material losses
to result from these off balance sheet instruments since
performance is not anticipated to be required.
Defined
Benefit Plan Contributions
In 2010, GATX contributed $14.8 million to its funded
pension plans. As a result of these contributions and a partial
recovery in investment asset values, as of December 31,
2010, the domestic funded pension plans were fully funded. In
aggregate in 2010, GATX contributed $22.7 million to its
funded and unfunded defined benefit plans and other
post-retirement benefits. In 2011, the Company expects to make
aggregate contributions of $7.0 million. Additional
contributions will be dependent on a number of factors including
plan asset investment returns and actuarial experience. Subject
to the impact of these factors, the Company may make additional
material plan contributions. See Note 10 to the
consolidated financial statements for additional information on
GATX’s benefit plans.
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in
conformity with GAAP requires management to use judgment in
making estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of
assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related disclosures.
The Company regularly evaluates its estimates and judgments
based on historical experience, market indicators and other
relevant factors and circumstances. Actual results may differ
from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
The Company considers the following as critical accounting
policies:
In addition, GATX reviews long-lived assets such as operating
assets and facilities for impairment whenever events or changes
in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these
assets may not be recoverable. GATX measures the recoverability
of assets to be held and used by comparing the carrying amount
of an asset to the estimated future net cash flows expected to
be generated by it. Estimated future cash flows are based on a
number of assumptions including lease rates, lease term
(including renewals), freight rates and volume, operating costs,
life of the asset and final disposition proceeds. If such assets
are determined to be impaired, the impairment loss to be
recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying
amount of the assets exceeds estimated fair value. Fair value is
based on discounted future cash flows supplemented with
independent appraisals and market comparables when available and
appropriate.
Once an estimate of fair value is made, it is compared to the
investment’s carrying value. If the investment’s
estimated fair value is less than its carrying value, then the
investment is deemed impaired. If an investment is deemed
impaired, then a determination is made as to whether the
impairment is
other-than-temporary.
Factors that management considers in making this determination
include expected operating results for the near future, the
length of the economic life cycle of the underlying assets of
the investee and the ability of GATX to hold the investment
through the end of the underlying assets’ useful life.
Anticipated actions that are probable of being taken by investee
management that may improve its business prospects are also
considered. If management reasonably determines an investment to
be only temporarily impaired, no impairment loss is recorded.
Alternatively, if management determines that an impairment is
other-than-temporary,
a loss equal to the difference between the estimated fair value
of the investment and its carrying value is recorded in the
period of identification.
GATX uses the discount rate to calculate the present value of
expected future pension and post-retirement cash flows as of the
measurement date. The discount rate is based on yields for
high-quality, long-term bonds, with durations similar to that of
the projected benefit obligation. The expected long-term rate of
return on plan assets is based on current and expected asset
allocations, as well as historical and expected returns on
various categories of plan assets. GATX evaluates these critical
assumptions annually and makes adjustments as required in
accordance with changes in underlying market conditions,
valuation of plan assets, or demographics. Changes in these
assumptions may increase or decrease periodic benefit plan
expense as well as the carrying value of benefit plan assets or
obligations. See Note 10 to the consolidated financial
statements for additional information regarding these
assumptions.
GATX evaluates the need for a deferred tax asset valuation
allowance by assessing the likelihood of whether deferred tax
assets, including net operating loss and tax credit carryforward
benefits, will be realized in the future. The assessment of
whether a valuation allowance is required involves judgment,
including the forecast of future taxable income and the
evaluation of tax planning initiatives, if applicable.
Taxes have not been provided on undistributed earnings of
foreign subsidiaries as GATX intends to permanently reinvest
such earnings in those foreign operations. If, in the future,
these earnings are repatriated to the U.S., or if the Company
expects such earnings to be repatriated, a provision for
additional taxes may be required.
See Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements for
additional information on income taxes.
See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements for a
summary of new accounting pronouncements that may impact
GATX’s business.
This report includes certain financial measures computed using
non-GAAP components as defined by the SEC. GATX has provided a
reconciliation of those non-GAAP components to the most directly
comparable GAAP components. Financial measures disclosed in this
report are meant to provide additional information and insight
into the historical operating results and financial position of
the Company. Management uses these measures in analyzing
GATX’s financial performance from period to period and in
making compensation decisions. These measures are not in
accordance with, or a substitute for, GAAP and may be different
from, or inconsistent with, non-GAAP financial measures used by
other companies.
GATX presents the financial measures of return on equity, net
income, and diluted earnings per share that exclude the effect
of tax benefits and other items. Management believes that
excluding these items facilitates a more meaningful comparison
of financial performance between years and provides transparency
into the operating results of GATX’s businesses. In
addition, GATX discloses total on and off balance sheet assets
because a significant portion of GATX’s rail fleet has been
financed through sale-leasebacks that are accounted for as
operating leases and the assets are not recorded on the balance
sheet. Management believes this information provides investors
with a better representation of the assets deployed in
GATX’s businesses.
GLOSSARY
OF KEY TERMS
Reconciliation of non-GAAP components used in the computation of
certain Financial Measures (in millions):
Consolidated On Balance Sheet Assets
Off Balance Sheet Assets
Total On and Off Balance Sheet Assets
Shareholders’ Equity
Net income, as reported
Tax Benefits(a)
Other Items(b)
Net income, excluding Tax Benefits and Other Items
Diluted Earnings Per Share, as reported
Diluted Earnings Per Share, excluding Tax Benefits and Other
Items
In the normal course of business, GATX and its subsidiaries are
exposed to interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate
risks that could impact their financial results. To manage these
risks, they may enter into certain derivative transactions,
principally interest rate swaps, Treasury rate locks, options
and currency forwards and swaps. These instruments and other
derivatives are entered into only for hedging existing
underlying exposures. GATX and its subsidiaries do not hold or
issue derivative financial instruments for speculative purposes.
Interest Rate Exposure — GATX’s reported
interest expense is affected by changes in interest rates,
primarily LIBOR, as a result of the issuance of floating rate
debt instruments. GATX generally manages the amount of floating
rate debt instruments in relation to its floating rate
investments. Based on GATX’s floating rate debt instruments
at December 31, 2010, and giving effect to related
derivatives, a hypothetical increase in market interest rates of
100 basis points would cause an increase in after-tax
interest expense of $5.1 million in 2011. Comparatively, at
December 31, 2009, a hypothetical 100 basis point
increase in interest rates would have resulted in a
$4.6 million increase in after-tax interest expense in 2010.
Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Exposure —
Certain of GATX’s foreign subsidiaries conduct business in
currencies other than the U.S. dollar, principally those
operating in Poland, Germany and Austria. As a result, GATX is
exposed to foreign currency risk attributable to changes in the
exchange value of the U.S. dollar in terms of the Euro and
Polish zloty. Based on 2010 local currency earnings and
considering non-functional currency assets and liabilities
recorded as of December 31, 2010, a uniform and
hypothetical 10% strengthening in the U.S. dollar versus
applicable foreign currencies would decrease after-tax income in
2011 by $4.0 million. Comparatively, based on 2009 local
currency earnings and considering non-functional currency assets
and liabilities recorded as of December 31, 2009, a uniform
and hypothetical 10% strengthening in the U.S. dollar
versus applicable foreign currencies would have decreased
after-tax income in 2010 by $4.8 million.
The Board of Directors and Shareholders of GATX Corporation and
subsidiaries
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of
GATX Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2010
and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of income,
changes in shareholders’ equity, cash flows and
comprehensive income (loss) for each of the three years in the
period ended December 31, 2010. Our audits also included
the financial statement schedule listed in the index at
Item 15(a). These financial statements and schedule are the
responsibility of the Company’s management. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial
statements and schedule based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are
free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in
the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the
accounting principles used and significant estimates made by
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial
statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a
reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above
present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated
financial position of GATX Corporation and subsidiaries at
December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the consolidated results of
their operations and their cash flows for each of the three
years in the period ended December 31, 2010, in conformity
with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also,
in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when
considered in relation to the basic financial statements as a
whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information
set forth therein.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), GATX
Corporation and subsidiaries’ internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on
criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of
the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 23,
2011 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
February 23, 2011
GATX
CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
Assets
Cash and Cash Equivalents
Restricted Cash
Receivables
Rent and other receivables
Less: allowance for possible losses
Operating Assets and Facilities
Rail (includes $123.7 relating to a consolidated VIE at
December 31, 2010)
Less: allowance for depreciation (includes $13.6 relating to a
consolidated VIE at December 31, 2010)
Investments in Affiliated Companies
Goodwill
Other Assets
Total Assets
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
Accounts Payable and Accrued Expenses
Debt
Recourse
Nonrecourse (includes $56.2 relating to a consolidated VIE at
December 31, 2010)
Deferred Income Taxes
Other Liabilities
Total Liabilities
Shareholders’ Equity
Preferred stock ($1.00 par value, 5,000,000 shares
authorized, 16,694 and 17,046 shares of Series A and B
$2.50 Cumulative Convertible Preferred Stock issued and
outstanding as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively,
aggregate liquidation preference of $1.0 million)
Common stock ($0.625 par value, 120,000,000 authorized,
65,482,950 and 65,224,956 shares issued and 46,360,430 and
46,101,570 shares outstanding as of December 31, 2010
and 2009, respectively)
Additional paid in capital
Retained earnings
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Treasury stock at cost (19,122,520 and 19,123,386 shares at
December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively)
Total Shareholders’ Equity
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these
consolidated financial statements.
Marine operating revenue
Share of affiliates’ earnings
Total Gross Income
Total Ownership Costs
Marine operating expenses
Selling, general and administrative
Other expense
Total Other Costs and Expenses
Income before Income Taxes
Income Taxes
Net Income
Basic
Diluted
Average number of common shares and common share equivalents
Operating Activities
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile income to net cash provided by
operating activities:
Gains on sales of assets and securities
Depreciation
(Reversal) provision for possible losses
Asset impairment charges
Deferred income taxes
Share of affiliates’ earnings, net of dividends
Change in income taxes payable
Change in accrued operating lease expense
Employee benefit plans
Other
Net cash provided by operating activities
Investing Activities
Additions to operating assets and facilities
Investments in affiliates
Portfolio investments and capital additions
Net cash used in investing activities
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
Effect of Exchange Rate Changes on Cash and Cash
Equivalents
Net increase (decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents during
the period
Cash and Cash Equivalents at beginning of period
Cash and Cash Equivalents at end of period
Preferred Stock
Balance at beginning of period
Conversion of preferred stock into common stock
Balance at end of period
Common Stock
Issuance of common stock
Convertible debt conversions
Treasury Stock
Additional Capital
Share-based compensation effects
Retained Earnings
Dividends declared
Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income
Foreign currency translation (loss) gain
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities
Unrealized loss on derivative instruments
Post-retirement benefit plans
Other comprehensive (loss) income, net of tax:
Foreign currency translation (loss) gain
Unrealized gain (loss) on securities
Unrealized loss on derivative instruments
Post retirement benefit plans
Other comprehensive (loss) income
Comprehensive Income
GATX Corporation (“GATX” or the “Company”)
leases, operates and manages long-lived, widely used assets in
the rail, marine and industrial equipment markets. GATX also
invests in joint ventures that complement existing business
activities. Headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, GATX has three
financial reporting segments: Rail, Specialty and American
Steamship Company (“ASC”).
Variable Interest Entities — As of
January 1, 2010, GATX adopted newly issued authoritative
accounting guidance that revises the accounting and reporting
for Variable Interest Entities (“VIEs”). The guidance
requires that a qualitative and quantitative analysis be
completed each reporting period to determine whether a VIE must
be consolidated and further requires additional disclosures
related to significant judgments and assumptions considered in
the analysis and the nature of risks associated with the VIE.
The application of this guidance had no impact on GATX’s
financial position, results of operations or cash flows;
however, as of the adoption date, certain existing investments
were determined to be VIEs and in one instance, GATX determined
that it was the primary beneficiary of an entity that was
previously consolidated. See Note 7 for additional details.
Change in Estimate — In 2009, GATX conducted a
comprehensive analysis of historical vessel usage, current
conditions of vessel hulls and other key asset components of
ASC’s vessels. These vessels were designed, built, and
classed for transporting dry, non-corrosive bulk materials
solely in the fresh waters of the Great Lakes. Upon completion
of this analysis, GATX determined that the depreciable lives of
12 vessels should be increased by 15 years to
65 years. GATX adopted this change prospectively in 2009
and as a result, depreciation expense for each of 2009 and 2010
was $3.2 million lower than 2008.
Correction of Prior Year Misstatement — During
the first quarter of 2010, the Company discovered a clerical
error in the preparation of its Consolidated Balance Sheet as of
December 31, 2009, and Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
for the year ended December 31, 2009. The error resulted in
a $13.1 million overstatement in each of cash and cash
equivalents; accounts payable and accrued expenses; and net cash
provided by operating activities. Management has determined that
the effect of this error is immaterial and adjusted its
Consolidated Balance Sheet and Consolidated Statement of Cash
Flows in 2010 to correct this error.
Basis of Presentation — The accompanying
consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance
with accounting principles generally accepted in the United
States (“GAAP”).
Use of Estimates — The preparation of these
financial statements in conformity with GAAP necessarily
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that
affect the amounts reported in the financial statements. The
Company regularly evaluates its estimates and judgments based on
historical experience and other relevant facts and
circumstances. Actual amounts could differ from those estimates.
Reclassification — Certain amounts in the 2009
and 2008 financial statements have been reclassified to conform
to the 2010 presentation.
Consolidation — The consolidated financial
statements of GATX Corporation and Subsidiaries include the
assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses of GATX and all
majority-owned subsidiaries over which the Company exercises
control and, if applicable, variable interest entities for which
the Company is the primary beneficiary. Intercompany
transactions and balances have been eliminated. Investments in
affiliated companies (discussed herein) are accounted for using
the equity method and are not consolidated. Consolidated
subsidiaries include the following special purpose corporations
(“SPC’s”) engaged in the financing of
railcars: General American Railcar Corporation, General
American Railcar Corporation II, General American Railcar
Corporation III, General American Marks Company and GARC LLC
(collectively, the “SPCs”). The obligations of the
SPCs are non-recourse to GATX and the assets of the SPCs will be
available first to satisfy claims of the creditors of the SPCs.
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL
STATEMENTS — (Continued)
Variable Interest Entities — GATX evaluates
whether an entity is a VIE based on the sufficiency of the
entity’s equity and whether the equity holders have the
characteristics of a controlling financial interest. To
determine if it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE, GATX
assesses whether it has the power to direct the activities that
most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE
and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive
benefits that may be significant to the VIE. These
determinations are both qualitative and quantitative in nature
and require certain judgments and assumptions about the
VIE’s forecasted financial performance and the volatility
inherent in those forecasted results. GATX evaluates new
investments for VIE determination and regularly reviews all
existing entities for any events that may result in an entity
becoming a VIE or GATX becoming the primary beneficiary of an
existing VIE. See Note 7 for additional information.
Investments in Affiliated Companies — GATX has
investments in 12.5 to 50 percent-owned companies and joint
ventures that it does not possess effective or voting control.
These investments are accounted for using the equity method
under which the investments are initially recorded at cost,
including goodwill. The carrying amount of GATX’s
investments in affiliated companies is affected by GATX’s
share of the affiliates’ undistributed earnings and losses,
distributions of dividends and capital, and loan payments to or
from the affiliate. Loans to and from affiliates are reflected
as part of GATX’s investment in the affiliate and interest
on these loans is included with GATX’s proportional share
of the affiliates’ earnings. GATX reviews the carrying
amount of its investments in affiliates annually, or whenever
events or changes in circumstances indicate that a decline in
value may have occurred. If an investment is determined to be
impaired on an
other-than-temporary
basis, a loss equal to the difference between the fair value of
the investment and its carrying value is recorded in the period
of identification. See Note 6 for additional information.
Fair Value Measurements — As defined by GAAP,
fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset
or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction
between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value
measurements are classified according to a three level hierarchy
based on management’s judgment about the reliability of the
inputs used in the fair value measurement. Level 1
measurements are those for which quoted prices are available in
active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2
measurements contain pricing inputs other than quoted prices in
active markets, such as quoted prices for similar assets or
liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or
other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by
observable market data for substantially the full term of the
assets or liabilities. Level 3 measurements contain
unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market
activity and that are significant to the fair value of the
assets or liabilities. Level 3 measurement techniques
typically include pricing models and discounted cash flow
methodologies and significant management judgment is required.
See Note 9 for additional information.
Cash and Cash Equivalents — GATX considers all
highly liquid investments with a maturity of three months or
less when purchased to be cash equivalents.
Restricted cash — Restricted cash represents
cash and cash equivalents that are restricted as to withdrawal
and usage. GATX’s restricted cash primarily relates to
amounts maintained, as required by contract, for seven
wholly-owned bankruptcy remote, special-purpose corporations.
Operating Assets and Facilities — Operating
assets and facilities are stated principally at cost. Assets
acquired under capital leases are included in operating assets
and the related obligations are recorded as liabilities.
Operating assets and facilities are depreciated over their
estimated useful lives or lease terms to estimated salvage
values using the straight-line method. Leasehold improvements
are depreciated over the shorter of their useful lives or the
term of the lease. The estimated useful lives of depreciable
assets are as follows:
Railcars
Buildings
Leasehold improvements
Marine vessels
Industrial equipment
A review for impairment of long-lived assets, such as operating
assets and facilities, is performed whenever events or changes
in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of long-lived
assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be
held and used is evaluated by comparing the carrying amount of
the asset to undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be
generated by the asset. If an asset is determined to be
impaired, the impairment loss recognized is the amount by which
the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value.
Impairment losses are recorded in other expense. Assets to be
disposed of that meet specified accounting criteria are
classified as held for sale and reported at the lower of their
carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.
Lease Classification — GATX determines lease
classification at lease inception. Subsequently, if the
provisions of the lease are changed, other than by renewing the
lease or extending its term, in a manner that would have
resulted in a different classification of the lease had the
changed terms been in effect at the inception of the lease, the
revised agreement is considered a new lease for purposes of
determining lease classification. During 2009, upon the
restructuring of $22.9 million of direct finance leases
with a customer that declared bankruptcy, GATX reassessed the
classification of the leases based on the revised terms and
determined that the new leases should be classified as operating
leases. As a result, the $18.5 million fair value of the
assets was reclassified to operating assets and the
$4.4 million difference between the book value and fair
value of the assets was recorded as an impairment charge. See
Note 5 for additional information.
Finance Leases — Finance leases are comprised
of direct finance leases and leveraged leases. Direct finance
leases consist of the gross lease payment receivable and the
estimated residual value of the equipment at the lease
termination date, net of unearned income. Lease payment
receivables represent the rent to be received over the remainder
of the lease term. Initial unearned income is the amount by
which the sum of the original lease payment receivable and the
estimated residual value exceeds the original cost of the
underlying equipment. Unearned income is amortized to lease
income over the lease term in a manner that produces a constant
rate of return on the net investment in the lease. Finance
leases that are financed principally with nonrecourse borrowings
at lease inception and that meet certain criteria are accounted
for as leveraged leases. Leveraged lease receivables are stated
net of the related nonrecourse debt. Initial unearned income for
leveraged leases represents the excess of anticipated cash flows
(including estimated residual values and net of the related debt
service) over the original investment in the lease. See
Note 5 for additional information.
The finance lease portfolio is reviewed regularly and a finance
lease is classified as non-performing when it is probable that
GATX will be unable to collect all amounts due under the lease.
The accrual of income on non-performing finance leases is
suspended until all contractual payments are current or as
conditions warrant. Payment received on non-performing finance
leases are applied to the principal balance. As of
December 31, 2010, the net book value of GATX’s
investment in a non-performing leveraged lease was
$16.7 million.
Residual Values — Residual values are a
component of GATX’s investment in finance leases. Residual
values represent the estimate of the value of the asset at the
end of the finance lease contract. Residual values are initially
recorded based on appraisals and estimates. Realization of
residual values is dependent on GATX’s ability to market
the assets under future market conditions. GATX reviews its
estimates of residual value annually or whenever events or
changes in circumstances indicate that a decline in value may
have occurred. Any
other-than-temporary
declines in value are recognized as impairments.
Inventory — GATX has inventory that consists of
railcar and locomotive repair components and marine vessel spare
parts. All inventory balances are stated at lower of cost or
market. Railcar repair components are valued using the average
cost method. Vessel spare parts inventory is valued using the
first-in,
first-out method. Inventory is included in other assets on the
balance sheet.
Goodwill — GATX recognizes goodwill when the
purchase price of an acquired business exceeds the fair value of
the acquired net assets and assigns the goodwill to the same
reporting unit as the net assets of the acquired businesses.
GATX determines its reporting units based on the composition of
its operating segments, taking into consideration whether the
operating segments consisted of more than one business and, if
so, whether the businesses operate in different economic
environments. Goodwill is not amortized, but is tested annually
for impairment. The impairment test consists of comparing the
fair value of the reporting unit with its carrying amount,
including
goodwill. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its
carrying amount, then the goodwill of the reporting unit is
considered not impaired. If the carrying amount of the reporting
unit exceeds its fair value, an additional step is performed
that compares the implied fair value of the reporting
unit’s goodwill (reporting unit fair value less carrying
value excluding goodwill) with the carrying amount of the
goodwill. An impairment loss is recorded to the extent that the
carrying amount of goodwill exceeds its implied fair value.
Reporting unit fair values are estimated primarily using
discounted cash flow models. GATX performs its impairment test
annually in the fourth quarter or in interim periods if events
or circumstances indicate a potential impairment. See
Note 16 for additional information.
Allowance for Possible Losses — The purpose of
the allowance is to provide an estimate of credit losses
inherent in reservable assets. Reservable assets are divided
into two categories: rent and other receivables, which represent
short-term trade billings, and finance lease receivables.
Reserves for rent and other receivables are based on historical
loss experience and judgments about the impact of present
economic conditions, collateral values, and the state of the
markets in which GATX operates. In addition, GATX may establish
specific reserves for known troubled accounts. Reserve estimates
for finance lease receivables are generally evaluated on a
customer specific basis, considering the same factors as rent
and other receivables as well as a regular assessment of each
customer’s specific credit situation. Amounts are charged
against the allowance when they are deemed to be uncollectable.
There were no material changes in estimation methods or
assumptions for the allowance during 2010. GATX believes that
the allowance is adequate to cover losses inherent in its
reservable assets as of December 31, 2010. Since the
allowance is based on judgments and estimates, it is possible
that actual losses incurred will differ from the estimate. See
Note 17 for additional information.
Convertible Debt — For convertible debt
instruments that may be settled in cash (including partial cash
settlement) upon conversion, the liability (debt) and equity
(conversion option) components are accounted for separately and
in a manner that reflects GATX’s nonconvertible debt
(unsecured debt) borrowing rate. At issuance, the equity
component is classified as additional capital, and the resulting
discount on the debt is amortized as interest expense over the
expected term of the convertible debt. Issuance costs relating
to convertible debt are allocated between debt and equity
issuance costs on the same basis as the debt and equity
components. Debt issuance costs are amortized as interest
expense over the expected term of the convertible debt and
equity issuance costs are immediately recognized as a reduction
of additional capital.
For conversions, GATX measures the fair value of the total
consideration it transfers in settlement of the notes and
allocates a portion (equal to the fair value of the liability
component at the conversion date) to the extinguishment of the
liability. The difference between the amount allocated and the
net carrying amount of the liability component is recognized as
a gain or loss. The remaining settlement consideration is
attributed to the reacquisition of the equity component and is
recognized as a reduction of additional capital. Accrued
interest foregone upon conversion is recorded as an increase to
additional capital.
See Note 8 for additional information.
Income Taxes — Provisions for federal, state
and foreign income taxes are calculated on reported income
before income taxes based on current tax law. Deferred tax
assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference
between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and
liabilities, using enacted rates in effect for the year in which
the differences are expected to reverse. The cumulative effect
of any changes in tax rates from those previously used in
determining deferred tax assets and liabilities is reflected in
the provision for income taxes in the period of change.
Provisions for income taxes in any given period differ from
those currently payable or receivable because certain items of
income and expense are recognized in different time periods for
financial reporting purposes than they are for income tax
purposes. U.S. income taxes have not been provided on the
undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries and affiliates
that GATX intends to permanently reinvest in these foreign
operations. The cumulative amount of such earnings was
$434.1 million at December 31, 2010.
Items deducted for tax purposes but for which a financial
statement impact has not been recorded due to the uncertainty of
the tax position are identified as uncertain tax positions.
GATX’s liability for uncertain tax positions is reflected
in other liabilities on the balance sheet.
See Note 12 for additional information.
Derivatives — GATX recognizes all derivative
instruments at fair value and classifies them on the balance
sheet as either other assets or other liabilities.
Classification of derivative activity in the statements of
income and cash flows is generally determined by the nature of
the hedged item. Gains and losses on derivatives that are not
accounted for as hedges are classified as other operating
expenses and the related cash flows are included in cash flows
from operating activities.
Instruments that meet specific accounting criteria are formally
designated as qualifying hedges at the inception of the
derivative contract. These criteria require that the derivative
is expected to be highly effective at offsetting changes in the
fair value or expected cash flows of the hedged exposure both at
the inception of the hedging relationship and on an ongoing
basis. GATX primarily uses derivatives, such as interest rate
swap agreements, Treasury rate locks, options and currency
forwards, to hedge its exposure to interest rate and foreign
currency exchange rate risk on existing and anticipated
transactions. For derivatives designated as fair value hedges,
changes in the fair value of both the derivative and the hedged
item are recognized in earnings. For derivatives designated as
cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the change in the
fair value of the derivative is recorded as part of other
comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently recognized in
earnings when the hedged transaction affects earnings and any
ineffective portion is immediately recognized in earnings.
Although GATX does not hold or issue derivative financial
instruments for purposes other than hedging, certain derivatives
may not qualify for hedge accounting. Changes in the fair value
of these derivatives are recognized in earnings immediately. For
the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, gains of
$0.4 million, $0.9 million and $1.0 million,
respectively, were recognized in earnings for derivatives that
did not qualify as accounting hedges. See Note 9 for
further information.
Defined Benefit Pension and Other Post-Retirement
Plans — GATX’s balance sheet reflects the
funded status of its pension and post-retirement plans. The
funded status of the plans is measured as the difference between
the fair value of the plan assets and the projected benefit
obligation. GATX recognized the aggregate overfunding of any
plans in other assets, the aggregate underfunding of any plans
in other liabilities and the corresponding adjustments to other
comprehensive income (loss), net of related taxes.
Foreign Currency — The assets and liabilities
of GATX’s operations having
non-U.S. dollar
functional currencies are translated at exchange rates in effect
at year end. Statements of income and cash flows are translated
monthly, using average exchange rates. Gains and losses
resulting from the translation of foreign currency financial
statements are deferred and recorded as a separate component of
other comprehensive income (loss). Gains (losses) resulting from
foreign currency transactions and from the remeasurement of
non-functional currency denominated assets and liabilities,
which are recorded net of related hedges in other expense during
the periods in which they occur, were $(1.7) million,
$0.4 million and $8.0 million for 2010, 2009, and
2008, respectively.
Environmental Liabilities — Expenditures that
relate to current or future operations are expensed or
capitalized as appropriate. Expenditures that relate to an
existing condition caused by past operations and which do not
contribute to current or future revenue generation are charged
to environmental reserves. Reserves are recorded to cover work
at identified sites when GATX’s liability for environmental
cleanup is probable and a reasonable estimate of associated
costs can be made. Adjustments to initial estimates are recorded
as required. See Note 22 for additional information.
Revenue Recognition — Gross income includes
rents on operating leases, accretion of income on direct finance
leases, interest on loans, marine operating revenue, fees, gains
on the sale of assets and share of affiliates’ earnings.
Operating lease income is recognized on a straight-line basis
over the term of the underlying leases. Finance lease income is
recognized on the basis of the interest method, which produces a
constant yield over the term of the lease. Marine operating
revenue is recognized as shipping services are performed and
revenue is allocated among reporting periods based on the
relative transit time in each reporting period for shipments in
process at any month end. Asset remarketing income includes
gains and losses from the sale of assets from GATX’s
portfolio as well as residual sharing fees from the sale of
managed assets. Asset remarketing income is recognized upon
completion of the sale of assets. Other income is primarily
comprised of repair revenue, scrapping gains and
fee income. Fee income, including management fees received from
joint ventures, is recognized as services are performed.
Interest expense, net — Interest expense
represents interest accrued on indebtedness and amortization of
debt issuance costs and debt discounts. Debt issuance costs and
discounts are deferred and amortized over the applicable term of
the related debt. Interest expense is reported net of interest
income on bank deposits, which was $0.2 million,
$0.5 million and $3.1 million for 2010, 2009 and 2008,
respectively.
Operating Lease Expense — GATX leases certain
railcars under sale-leaseback arrangements as well as other
assets and facilities closely associated with its revenue
generating operations (e.g. maintenance facilities and
equipment). These leases are classified as operating leases and
the associated lease expense is recorded on a straight-line
basis. Gains as well as financing costs associated with
sale-leasebacks are deferred and amortized as a component of
operating lease expense over the related leaseback term. GATX
also leases certain office facilities and related administrative
assets. These leases are also classified as operating leases and
the associated expense is recorded in selling, general, and
administrative expense. Total operating lease expense was
$145.4 million, $141.7 million and
$150.9 million, in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. See
Note 5 for additional information.
Lease Origination Costs — Initial direct costs
of direct finance leases are deferred and amortized over the
lease term as an adjustment to lease income. Deferred initial
direct costs were $0.9 million and $1.8 million as of
December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Maintenance and Repair Costs — Maintenance and
repair costs are expensed as incurred. Costs incurred in
connection with planned major maintenance activities that
improve or extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized
and depreciated over their estimated useful life. Required
regulatory survey costs for ASC’s vessels are capitalized
and amortized over the applicable survey period, generally five
years.
Marine Operating and Maintenance Expenses —
Marine operating expenses are categorized as either direct or
indirect. Direct expenses, consisting primarily of crewing
costs, fuel, tugs, vessel supplies, and operating season repairs
are recognized as incurred. Indirect expenses consist of winter
repairs and maintenance, insurance and depreciation. Indirect
expenses incurred prior to the beginning of the sailing season
are deferred and amortized ratably over the anticipated sailing
season, generally April 1 — December 31. Indirect
expenses incurred during the sailing season are recognized as
incurred.
Share-Based Compensation — GATX measures
share-based compensation expense based on the grant date fair
value of an award and recognizes the expense over the requisite
service period of each award. Compensation expense is only
recognized for awards that vest, thus an estimate of forfeitures
is made at the time of grant and that estimate is reevaluated at
least annually, with a final adjustment recorded upon vesting.
See Note 11 for additional information.
Supplemental Cash Flow Information
Interest paid(a)
Income taxes paid, net of refunds
Noncash
Investing and Financing Transactions
Nonrecourse debt assumed
The following information pertains to GATX as a lessor:
The components of GATX’s finance leases as of December 31
were (in millions):
Total minimum lease payments receivable
Principal and interest on third-party nonrecourse debt
Net minimum future lease receivable
Estimated non-guaranteed residual value of leased assets
Unearned income
Allowance for possible losses
Deferred taxes
Net investment in finance leases
Leveraged Lease Income — Income from leveraged
leases (net of taxes) was $1.5 million, $2.8 million
and $3.0 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Usage Rents — Rental income on certain
operating leases is based on equipment usage. Rental income from
usage rents was $25.0 million, $24.2 million and
$25.5 million, in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Minimum Future Receipts — Minimum future lease
receipts from finance leases, net of debt payments for leveraged
leases, and minimum future rental receipts from noncancelable
operating leases as of December 31, 2010, were (in
millions):
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
Years thereafter
The following information pertains to GATX as a lessee:
Capital Leases — GATX assets that are financed
with capital lease obligations as of December 31 were (in
millions):
Railcars and other equipment
Less: allowance for depreciation
Operating Leases — Certain operating leases
provide options for GATX to renew the leases or purchase the
assets at the end of the lease term. The specific terms of the
renewal and purchase options vary. These amounts are not
included with future minimum rental payments. Future minimum
rental payments due under noncancelable operating leases as of
December 31, 2010, were (in millions):
Less: amounts representing interest
Present value of future minimum capital lease payments
Investments in affiliated companies represent investments in,
and loans to and from, domestic and foreign companies and joint
ventures that are in businesses similar to those of GATX, such
as lease financing and related services for customers operating
rail, marine and industrial equipment assets, as well as other
business activities, including ventures that provide asset
residual value guarantees. At December 31, 2010 and 2009,
these investments included loans to affiliated companies of
$47.7 million and $7.8 million, respectively, and
loans from affiliated companies of zero and $6.3 million,
respectively. Distributions received from affiliates were
$54.7 million, $36.0 million and $61.6 million in
2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
The following table shows GATX’s investments in affiliated
companies by segment as of December 31 (in millions):
The table below provides detail on the five largest investments
in affiliates as of December 31 ($’s in millions):
Rolls-Royce & Partners Finance(a)
AAE Cargo AG
Cardinal Marine Investments, LLC
Enerven Compression, LLC
Adler Funding, LLC
The following table shows GATX’s pre-tax share of
affiliates’ earnings by segment for the years ending
December 31 (in millions):
Operating results for all affiliated companies, assuming GATX
held a 100% interest, for the years ending December 31 were (in
millions):
Revenues
Pre-tax income reported by affiliates
Summarized balance sheet data for all affiliated companies,
assuming GATX held a 100% interest, as of December 31 were (in
millions):
Total assets
Long-term liabilities
Other liabilities
The following guarantees, as described in Note 14, related
to affiliated companies were outstanding as of December 31 (in
millions):
Lease and loan payment guarantees
GATX is the primary beneficiary of a consolidated VIE related to
a structured lease financing for a portfolio of railcars because
it has the power to direct the significant activities of the VIE
through its ownership of the equity interests in the
transaction. The carrying amounts of assets and liabilities of
the VIE as of December 31 were (in millions):
Operating assets, net of accumulated depreciation(a)
GATX is also involved with other entities determined to be VIEs
of which GATX is not the primary beneficiary. These VIEs are
primarily leveraged leases and certain investments in affiliates
that are involved in railcar and equipment leasing activities,
which have been financed through a mix of equity investments and
third party lending arrangements. GATX determined that it is not
the primary beneficiary of these VIEs because it does not have
the power to direct the activities that most significantly
impact the entities’ economic performance. For certain
investments in affiliates determined to be VIEs, GATX concluded
that power was shared among the affiliate partners based on the
terms of the relevant joint venture agreements, which require
approval of all partners for significant decisions involving the
VIE.
The carrying amounts and maximum exposure to loss with respect
to VIEs that GATX does not consolidate as of December 31 were
(in millions):
Investments in affiliates(a)
Leveraged leases
Other investment
Commercial
Paper and Borrowings Under Bank Credit Facilities
Balance
Recourse
and Nonrecourse Debt Obligations
Outstanding balances of debt obligations and the applicable
interest rates as of December 31 ($ in millions):
Recourse Fixed Rate Debt
Unsecured
Secured
Convertible unsecured
Total recourse fixed rate debt
Recourse Floating Rate Debt(a)
Total recourse floating rate debt
Nonrecourse Fixed Rate Debt
Total nonrecourse fixed rate debt
Nonrecourse Floating Rate Debt(a)
Total nonrecourse floating rate debt
Total debt principal
Debt discount
Debt adjustment for fair value hedges
Total Debt
Maturities of GATX’s debt obligations as of
December 31, 2010, were as follows (in millions):
Thereafter
Total debt principal
At December 31, 2010, $608.2 million of GATX’s
operating assets were pledged as collateral for notes or other
obligations.
Shelf
Registration Statement
GATX maintains an effective shelf registration statement on file
with the SEC that enables it to issue public debt securities and
pass-through certificates. The registration statement expires in
August 2013.
Credit
Lines and Facilities
GATX has a $550 million unsecured revolving credit facility
in the U.S. that matures in May 2012. At December 31,
2010, availability under this facility was $450.6 million,
with $89.1 million of commercial paper outstanding and
$10.3 million of letters of credit issued, both backed by
the facility. Annual commitment fees for the revolving credit
facility are based on a percentage of the commitment and were
$0.4 million, $0.4 million and $0.4 million for
2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. GATX also has unsecured lines
of credit in Europe totaling $107.1 million. At
December 31, 2010, availability under these lines of credit
was $72.5 million.
Restrictive
Covenants
The loan agreements for certain of GATX’s wholly-owned
European subsidiaries (collectively, “GRE”) also
contain restrictive covenants, including leverage and cash flow
covenants specific to those subsidiaries, restrictions on making
loans and limitations on the ability of these subsidiaries to
repay loans to certain related parties (including GATX) and to
pay dividends to GATX. The covenants relating to loans and
dividends effectively limit the ability of GRE to transfer funds
to GATX. At December 31, 2010, the maximum amount that GRE
could transfer to GATX without violating its covenants was
$14.0 million, implying that $395.8 million of
subsidiary net assets were restricted. Restricted net assets are
defined as equity less 50% of free cash flow. At
December 31, 2010, GRE was in compliance with all covenants
and conditions of these loan agreements.
Convertible
Securities
In August 2003, GATX issued $125.0 million,
5.0% senior unsecured notes, due in August 2023, which were
contingently convertible into GATX common stock (the “2003
Notes”). In 2007, holders of $18.2 million of notes
converted, resulting in a cash payment of $18.2 million for
the principal balance and 0.4 million common shares issued
for the intrinsic value. In 2008, holders of $64.8 million
of notes converted, of which $0.7 million was settled with
cash and $64.1 million was settled through the issuance of
2.6 million common shares. In 2010, GATX called the
remaining outstanding balance of the 2003 Notes for redemption.
As a result, GATX paid $41.9 million for the principal
balance and issued 0.1 million common shares for the
intrinsic value. In 2008 and 2010, accrued interest of
$1.0 million ($0.7 million after-tax) and
$0.1 million, respectively, was forfeited upon conversion
and reclassified to additional paid in capital.
The following table sets forth certain information relating to
GATX’s convertible securities as of December 31:
Principal balance (in millions)
Carrying amount of equity component (in millions)
Intrinsic value (in millions)
GATX common stock price
Conversion price
Potential number of shares issued upon conversion (in millions)
As of August 2008, the discount on the liability component was
fully amortized.
The following table sets forth certain information relating to
GATX’s convertible securities for the years ended December
31:
Total interest costs recognized (in millions)
Effective interest rate on 2003 Notes
The following tables set forth GATX’s assets and
liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of
December 31 (in millions):
Assets
Interest rate derivatives(a)
Warrants(b)
Available for sale equity securities
Liabilities
Foreign exchange rate derivatives(b)
Warrants and foreign exchange rate derivatives(b)
Available for sale equity securities are valued based on quoted
prices in an active exchange market. Warrants and derivative
contracts are valued using a pricing model with inputs (such as
yield curves and credit spreads) that are observable in the
market or can be derived principally from or corroborated by
observable market data.
The following table sets forth certain disclosures relating to
GATX’s non-recurring Level 3 fair value measurements:
In 2010, losses of $4.8 million (fair value of
$3.0 million) related to a industry-wide, regulatory
mandate issued by the Association of American Railroads that
resulted in a significant decrease to the expected economic life
of 358 aluminum hopper railcars; losses of $1.5 million
(fair value of $1.6 million) related to scrapped wheelsets
in Rail’s European fleet; and losses of $1.8 million
(fair value of $3.5 million) related to an aircraft held
for lease. In 2009, losses of $4.4 million resulted from
the remeasurement of certain finance lease assets that were
reclassified to operating assets when the terms of the lease
were changed and losses of $0.4 million related to the
remeasurement of certain assets held for sale. In each case, the
fair value was determined using discounted cash flow
methodologies and third-party appraisal data, as applicable.
Derivative
instruments
Fair Value Hedges — GATX uses interest rate
swaps to convert fixed rate debt to floating rate debt and to
manage the fixed to floating rate mix of its debt obligations.
For fair value hedges, changes in fair value of both the
derivative and the hedged item are recognized in earnings as
interest expense. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, GATX
had three instruments outstanding with an aggregate notional
amount of $350.0 million and $385.0 million,
respectively. As of December 31, 2010, these derivatives
had maturities ranging from
2012-2015.
Cash Flow Hedges — GATX uses interest rate
swaps to convert floating rate debt to fixed rate debt and to
manage the fixed to floating rate mix of its debt obligations.
GATX also uses interest rate swaps and Treasury rate locks to
hedge its exposure to interest rate risk on existing and
anticipated transactions. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009,
GATX had 13 instruments and 15 instruments outstanding,
respectively, with an aggregate notional amount of
$130.4 million and $243.5 million, respectively. As of
December 31, 2010, these derivatives had maturities ranging
from
2011-2015.
Within the next 12 months, GATX expects to reclassify
$6.4 million ($4.0 million after-tax) of net losses on
previously terminated derivatives from accumulated other
comprehensive income (loss) to earnings. Amounts are
reclassified when interest and operating expense related to the
hedged risks affect earnings.
Certain of GATX’s derivative instruments contain credit
risk provisions that could require GATX to make immediate
payment on net liability positions in the event that GATX
defaulted on certain outstanding debt obligations. The aggregate
fair value of all derivative instruments with credit risk
related contingent features that are in a liability position as
of December 31, 2010, was $4.6 million. GATX is not
required to post any collateral on its derivative instruments
and does not expect the credit risk provisions to be triggered.
In the event that a counterparty fails to meet the terms of the
interest rate swap agreement or a foreign exchange contract,
GATX’s exposure is limited to the fair value of the swap if
in GATX’s favor. GATX manages the credit risk of
counterparties by transacting only with institutions that the
Company considers financially sound and by avoiding
concentrations of risk with a single counterparty. GATX
considers the risk of non-performance by a counterparty to be
remote.
The income statement and other comprehensive income (loss)
impacts of GATX’s derivative instruments for the years
ended December 31 were (in millions):
Fair value hedges(a)
Cash flow hedges
Other
Financial Instruments
The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, restricted
cash, money market funds, rent and other receivables, accounts
payable, commercial paper and bank credit facilities approximate
fair value due to the short maturity of those instruments. The
fair values of investment funds are based on the best
information available and may include quoted investment fund
values. The fair values of fixed and floating rate debt,
excluding convertible notes, were estimated based on discounted
cash flow analyses using interest rates currently offered for
loans with similar terms to borrowers of similar credit quality.
Convertible notes were valued using third-party quotes. The
following table sets forth the carrying amounts and fair values
of GATX’s other financial instruments as of December 31 (in
millions):
Investment Funds
Liabilities
Convertible notes
Recourse fixed rate debt
Recourse floating rate debt
GATX maintains both funded and unfunded noncontributory defined
benefit pension plans covering its domestic employees and the
employees of certain of its subsidiaries. GATX also has a funded
noncontributory defined benefit pension plan related to a sold
business in the United Kingdom (“U.K.”), which has no
active employees. Benefits payable under the pension plans are
based on years of service
and/or final
average salary. GATX’s funding policies for the pension
plans are based on actuarially determined cost methods allowable
under IRS regulations and statutory requirements in the U.K.
In addition to the pension plans, GATX has other post-retirement
plans providing health care, life insurance and other benefits
for certain retired domestic employees who meet established
criteria. Most domestic employees
are eligible for health care and life insurance benefits if they
retire from GATX with immediate benefits under the GATX pension
plan. The other post-retirement plans are either contributory or
noncontributory, depending on various factors.
The shipboard personnel at ASC participate in various
multiemployer benefit plans that provide pension, health care,
post-retirement and other benefits to active and retired
employees. The amounts contributed are dependent on the number
of vessels deployed and aggregate operating days in a particular
year. Contributions for the years ended December 31, 2010,
2009 and 2008, were $19.9 million, $13.1 million and
$25.6 million, respectively.
GATX uses a December 31 measurement date for all of its plans.
The following tables set forth pension obligations and plan
assets and other post-retirement obligations as of December 31
(in millions):
Change in Benefit Obligation
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
Service cost
Interest cost
Plan amendments
Actuarial loss (gain)
Benefits paid
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes
Benefit obligation at end of year
Change in Fair Value of Plan Assets
Plan assets at beginning of year
Actual return on plan assets
Effect of exchange rate changes
Company contributions
Plan assets at end of year
Funded Status at end of year
Amount Recognized
Accumulative other comprehensive loss:
Net actuarial loss
Prior service credit
Total recognized
After-tax amount recognized in accumulated other comprehensive
loss
The aggregate accumulated benefit obligation for the defined
benefit pension plans was $385.4 million and
$381.3 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009,
respectively.
Information for pension plans with a projected benefit
obligation in excess of plan assets as of December 31 (in
millions):
Projected benefit obligations
Fair value of plan assets
Information for pension plans with an accumulated benefit
obligation in excess of plan assets is as follows as of December
31 (in millions):
Accumulated benefit obligations
The components of net periodic (benefit) cost for the year ended
December 31 were (in millions):
Expected return on plan assets
Amortization of:
Unrecognized prior service credit
Unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain)
Plan settlement cost
Net periodic (benefit) cost
GATX amortizes the unrecognized prior service credit using a
straight-line method over the average remaining service period
of employees expected to receive benefits under the plan. The
unrecognized net actuarial loss (gain), subject to certain
averaging conventions, is amortized over the average remaining
service period of active employees. As of December 31,
2010, GATX expects within the next twelve months to recognize
the following amounts included in accumulated other
comprehensive loss as components of net periodic (benefit) cost:
$8.0 million of the defined benefit pension plans’ net
actuarial loss, $(1.0) million of the defined benefit
plans’ prior service credit, $(0.2) million of the
other post-retirement benefit plans’ net actuarial gain and
$(0.1) million of the other post-retirement benefit
plans’ prior service credit.
GATX used the following assumptions to measure the benefit
obligation, compute the expected long-term return on assets and
to measure the periodic cost for GATX’s defined benefit
pension plans and other post-retirement benefit plans for the
years ended December 31:
Domestic defined benefit pension plans
Benefit Obligation at December 31:
Discount rate — salaried funded and unfunded plans
Discount rate — hourly funded plans
Rate of compensation increases — salaried funded and
unfunded plan
Rate of compensation increases — hourly funded plan
Net Periodic Cost (Benefit) for the years ended December
31:
Expected return on plan assets — salaried funded plan
Expected return on plan assets — hourly funded plan
Foreign defined benefit pension plan
Discount rate
Rate of
pension-in-payment
increases
Expected return on plan assets
Other post-retirement benefit plans
Rate of compensation increases
The discount rate is used by GATX to calculate the present value
of expected future pension and post-retirement cash flows as of
the measurement date. The discount rate is based on yields for
high-quality, long-term bonds, with durations similar to that of
the projected benefit obligation. The expected return on plan
assets is based on current and expected asset allocations, as
well as historical and expected returns on various categories of
plan
assets. GATX routinely reviews its historical returns along with
current market conditions to ensure its expected return
assumption on plan assets is reasonable and appropriate.
Assumed Health Care Cost Trend Rates at December 31
Health care cost trend assumed for next year
Medical claims
Prescription drugs claims
Rate to which the cost trend is expected to decline (the
ultimate trend rate)
Year that rate reaches the ultimate trend rate
The health care cost trend, which is comprised of medical and
prescription drugs claims has a significant effect on the other
post-retirement benefit cost and obligation. A
one-percentage-point change in the trend rate would have the
following effects (in millions):
Effect on total of service and interest cost
Effect on post-retirement benefit obligation
GATX’s investment policies require that asset allocations
of domestic and foreign funded pension plans be maintained at
certain targets. GATX’s weighted-average asset allocations
of its domestic funded pension plans at December 31, 2010
and 2009, and current target asset allocation for 2011, by asset
category, are as follows:
Asset Category
Equity securities
Debt securities
Real estate
Cash
GATX’s weighted-average asset allocations of its foreign
funded pension plan at December 31, 2010 and 2009, and
current target asset allocation for 2011, by asset category, are
as follows:
Equity securities and real estate
The following tables set forth the fair value of GATX’s
pension plan assets as of December 31 (in millions):
Money market funds
Common stock
Collective trust common stock funds
Fixed income collective trust funds
Real estate investment funds
Money market funds, collective trust common stock funds, and
fixed income collective trust funds are valued at their NAVs,
which are provided by their respective administrators. Money
market funds are highly liquid investments with a maturity of
three months or less when purchased. Common stocks are traded in
an active exchange market and are valued at the last reported
sales price on the last business day of the plan year.
Collective trust common stock funds are valued based on the
market value of the underlying securities, which are traded on
an active exchange market. The fixed income collective trust
funds are valued based on the market value of the underlying
securities, which are traded in the
over-the-counter
market and valued at the bid price from market makers dealing in
those particular securities. Real estate investment funds invest
in U.S. commercial real estate. The fair values of the
investments have been estimated using the NAV provided by the
administrators of the funds, which is based on the market value
of the underlying real estate as determined by independent
appraisal. Redemptions from the real estate funds are available
upon either 45 or 60 days notice prior to the end of a
quarter. Redemptions may be limited
and/or
delayed by a lack of liquidity in the funds.
The table below lists the summary of changes in the fair value
of the Plan’s Level 3 assets for the years ended
December 31 (in millions):
Income
Realized losses
Unrealized change in fair value of investments
Fees and expenses
Redemptions
The primary investing objective of the pension plans is to
represent the exclusive interests of plan participants for the
purpose of providing benefits to participants and their
beneficiaries. To achieve this goal, GATX’s philosophy is
to invest in a diversified portfolio of equities, debt and real
estate investments to maximize return and to keep risk at a
reasonable level over a long-term investment horizon. Equity
investments are diversified across U.S. and
non-U.S. stocks
as well as growth, value and small to large capitalizations.
Debt securities are predominately invested in long-term,
investment-grade corporate bonds. Real estate investments
include investments in funds that are diversified by location
and property type.
On a timely basis, but not less than twice a year, GATX formally
reviews pension plan investments to ensure adherence to
investment guidelines and the Company’s stated investment
approach. This review also evaluates reasonableness of
investment decisions and risk positions. The performance of
investments is compared to indices and peers to determine if
performance has been acceptable.
GATX expects to contribute $2.0 million to its pension
plans (domestic and foreign) and $5.0 million to its other
post-retirement benefit plans in 2011. Additional contributions
to the domestic funded pension plans will be dependent on
several factors including investment returns on plan assets and
actuarial experience.
The following benefit payments, which reflect expected future
service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid (in millions):
Years
2016-2020
The following are estimated Medicare Part D Subsidies
expected to be received as a result of the Medicare
Prescription Drug, Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003
(in millions):
In addition to its defined benefit plans, GATX maintains two
401(k) retirement plans that are available to substantially all
salaried and certain other employee groups. GATX may contribute
to the plans as specified by their respective terms, and as
determined by the Board of Directors. Contributions to such
plans were zero, $1.5 million, and $1.5 million for
2010, 2009, and 2008, respectively.
GATX provides equity awards to its employees under the GATX
Corporation 2004 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended
(the “2004 Plan”). As of December 31, 2010,
3.5 million shares of common stock were authorized under
the 2004 Plan and 1.3 million shares were available for
future issuance. The 2004 Plan provides for the granting of
nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights
(“SAR”s), restricted stock and
phantom stock awards. GATX recognizes compensation expense for
these awards in selling, general and administrative expenses
over the service period of each award. For 2010, 2009 and 2008,
share-based compensation expense was $8.0 million,
$6.1 million and $9.4 million, respectively, and
related tax benefits were $3.0 million, $2.3 million
and $3.5 million, respectively. These awards are more fully
described below.
Stock
Option/SAR Awards
Stock options/SARs provide for the purchase of shares of common
stock and may be granted for periods not longer than seven years
from the date of grant (ten years for options granted prior to
2004). SARs entitle the holder to receive the difference between
the market price of GATX’s common stock at the time of
exercise and the exercise price, either in shares of common
stock, cash or a combination thereof, at GATX’s discretion.
Options entitle the holder to purchase shares of GATX common
stock at a specified exercise price. The exercise price for both
options and SARs is equal to the average of the high and low
trading prices of GATX common stock on the date of grant.
Options/SARs vest and become exercisable commencing on a date no
earlier than one year from the date of grant. Compensation
expense is recognized over the applicable vesting period. Since
2006, only SARs have been awarded.
The assumptions GATX used in valuing SAR awards were:
The assumptions GATX used to estimate the fair value of its SAR
awards and the weighted average estimated fair value were:
Weighted average fair value of SAR
Annual dividend rate
Expected life of SAR, in years
Risk-free interest rate
Dividend yield
Expected stock price volatility
Certain data with respect to stock options/SARs activity for the
year ended December 31, 2010, were:
Outstanding at beginning of the year
Granted
Exercised
Forfeited/Cancelled
Expired
Outstanding at end of the year
Vested and Exercisable at end of the year
The total intrinsic value of options/SARs exercised during the
years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 was
$1.0 million, immaterial and $2.5 million,
respectively. As of December 31, 2010, there was
$3.7 million of unrecognized compensation expense related
to nonvested SARs, which is expected to be recognized over a
weighted average period of 1.7 years.
Restricted
Stock and Performance Share Awards
Restricted stock entitles the recipient to receive a specified
number of restricted shares of common stock. Restricted shares
of common stock carry all dividend and voting rights, but are
not transferable prior to the expiration of a specified
restriction period, generally three years, as determined by the
Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors
(“Compensation Committee”). Dividends accrue on all
restricted shares and are paid upon vesting. Compensation
expense is recognized for these awards over the applicable
restriction period.
Performance shares may be granted to key employees to focus
attention on the achievement of certain strategic objectives.
The shares are converted to common stock based on the
achievement of predetermined performance goals at the end of a
specified performance period as determined by the Compensation
Committee. Performance shares do not carry voting rights.
Dividends accrue on all performance shares and are paid upon
vesting. An estimate of the number of shares expected to vest as
a result of actual performance against the performance criteria
is made at the time of grant to determine total compensation
expense to be recognized. The estimate is reevaluated annually
and total compensation expense is adjusted for any changes in
the estimate, with a cumulative catch up adjustment (i.e., the
cumulative effect of applying the change in estimate
retrospectively) recognized in the period of change.
Compensation expense is recognized for these awards over the
applicable vesting period, generally three years.
GATX values its restricted stock and performance share awards
based on the closing price of its stock on the grant date. As of
December 31, 2010, there was $3.3 million of
unrecognized compensation expense related to these awards, which
is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of
1.8 years.
Certain data with respect to restricted stock and performance
share activity for the year ended December 31, 2010, were:
Restricted Stock:
Nonvested at beginning of the year
Vested
Forfeited
Nonvested at end of the year
Performance Shares:
Net increase due to estimated performance
The total fair value of restricted stock and performance shares
vested during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and
2008, was $2.5 million, $1.8 million and
$4.4 million, respectively.
Phantom
Stock Awards
Phantom stock is granted to non-employee directors as a
component of their compensation for service on GATX’s Board
of Directors. In accordance with the terms of the phantom stock
awards, each director is credited with a quantity of units that
equate to, but are not, common shares in the Company. Phantom
stock awards are dividend participating with all dividends
reinvested in additional phantom shares at the average of the
high and low trading prices of GATX stock on the dividend
payment date. Settlement of whole units of phantom stock will be
made in shares of common stock and fractional units will be paid
in cash at the expiration of each director’s service on the
Board and/or
in accordance with his or her deferral election. In 2010, GATX
granted 26,701 units of phantom stock and
163,477 units were outstanding as of December 31, 2010.
Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary
differences between the carrying amounts of assets and
liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts
used for income tax purposes.
Significant components of GATX’s deferred tax liabilities
and assets as of December 31 were (in millions):
Deferred Tax Liabilities
Book/tax basis difference due to depreciation
Investments in affiliated companies
Lease accounting (other than leveraged)
Total deferred tax liabilities
Deferred Tax Assets
Alternative minimum tax credit
Federal net operating loss
Foreign tax credit
Valuation on foreign tax credit
State net operating loss
Valuation on state net operating loss
Accruals not currently deductible for tax purposes
Pension and post-retirement benefits
Total deferred tax assets
Net deferred tax liabilities
At December 31, 2010, GATX had a U.S. federal tax net
operating loss carryforward of $70.3 million, which expires
in 2030. GATX also had an alternative minimum tax credit of
$11.6 million that has an unlimited carryforward period.
At December 31, 2010, GATX had foreign tax credits of
$17.0 million that are scheduled to expire beginning in
2011. A $17.0 million valuation allowance has been recorded
as the Company believes it is more likely than not that it will
be unable to utilize these credits. GATX also had state net
operating loss carryforwards of $39.7 million that are
scheduled to expire at various times beginning in 2012. A
$17.5 million valuation allowance has been recorded as the
Company believes it is more likely than not that it will be
unable to utilize all of these losses. Utilization of future tax
credits and net operating losses will be dependent on a number
of variables, including the amount of taxable income, foreign
source income attributes and state apportionment factors.
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of gross
liability for unrecognized tax benefits is as follows (in
millions):
Additions to positions for prior years, including interest
Reductions due to resolution of audit issues
Subject to the completion of certain audits or the expiration of
the applicable statute of limitations, the Company believes it
is reasonably possible that, within the next 12 months,
unrecognized state tax benefits of $0.2 million and
unrecognized foreign tax benefits of $0.4 million may be
recognized. The Company recognizes accrued interest and
penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax
expense. During the year ended December 31, 2010, the
Company settled several open audit years in both federal and
foreign jurisdictions resulting in the release of unrecognized
benefits totaling $14.7 million. As of December 31,
2010, the gross liability for unrecognized tax benefits included
$1.0 million related to interest. No amounts have been
accrued for penalties. To the extent interest is not assessed or
otherwise reduced with respect to uncertain tax positions, any
required adjustment will be recorded as a reduction of income
tax expense.
If fully recognized, GATX’s gross liability for
unrecognized tax benefits of $42.7 million would decrease
income tax expense by $23.3 million ($21.2 million net
of federal tax benefits).
GATX files numerous consolidated and separate income tax returns
in the U.S. federal jurisdiction, as well as various state
and foreign jurisdictions. With the exception of certain amended
tax returns related to tax credit claims in prior years, all
examinations with respect to GATX’s U.S. tax returns
for years prior to 2006 have been closed. The Company is
currently being audited by the IRS for years 2006 —
2008. The Company and its subsidiaries are also undergoing
audits in various state and foreign jurisdictions.
The components of income before income taxes for the years
ending December 31 consisted of (in millions):
Domestic
Foreign
GATX and its U.S. subsidiaries file a consolidated federal
income tax return. Income taxes for the years ending December 31
consisted of (in millions):
Current
Domestic:
Federal
State and local
Deferred
The reasons for the difference between GATX’s effective
income tax rate and the federal statutory income tax rate for
the years ending December 31 were (in millions):
Income taxes at federal statutory rate
Adjust for effect of:
Foreign tax credits
Foreign income tax rates
Foreign income tax rate change
Resolution of audit issues
Corporate owned life insurance
State income taxes
The 2010 effective income tax rate was impacted by a
$1.9 million favorable tax adjustment resulting from a
reduction in the statutory tax rates in the United Kingdom.
Additionally, the effective income tax rate was impacted by
$9.5 million of net tax benefits, the majority of which
were attributable to the resolution of various foreign, federal
and state tax issues. The 2009 effective income tax rate was
impacted by recognized foreign tax credits. The adjustment for
foreign income tax rates reflects the impact of lower tax rates
on earnings from foreign subsidiaries and affiliates.
State income taxes are provided on domestic pre-tax income or
loss. The effect of state income tax on the overall income tax
rate is impacted by the amount of domestic income subject to
state taxes relative to total worldwide income.
Concentration of Revenues — GATX’s
revenues are derived from a wide range of industries and
companies. Approximately 24% of total revenues are generated
from customers in the petroleum industry, 22% from the chemical
industry and 12% from each of the food/agriculture and
transportation industries. GATX’s foreign identifiable
revenues were primarily generated in the countries of Canada,
Germany, Poland, Mexico and Austria. The Company did not derive
revenues in excess of 10% of consolidated revenues from any one
foreign country for any of the years ended December 31,
2010, 2009 and 2008.
Concentration of Credit Risk — The Company did
not derive revenues in excess of 10% of consolidated revenues
from any one customer for any of the years ended
December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. Under its lease
agreements with lessees, GATX typically retains legal ownership
of the asset except where such assets have been financed by
sale-leasebacks. GATX performs a credit evaluation prior to
approval of a lease contract. Subsequently, the creditworthiness
of the customer and the value of the collateral are monitored on
an ongoing basis. GATX maintains an allowance for possible
losses to provide for credit losses inherent in its reservable
assets portfolio.
Concentration of Labor Force — As of
December 31, 2010, 48% of GATX employees were covered by
union contracts and 17% of GATX employees were covered by union
contracts that will expire within the next year. The hourly
employees at Rail’s U.S. service centers belong to the
United Steelworkers. Employees at three of Rail’s Canadian
service centers belong to the Communication, Energy and
Paperworkers Union of Canada. The shipboard personnel at ASC
belong to the American Maritime Officers, the Seafarers
International Union or the United Steelworkers, Local 5000, as
the case may be.
In connection with certain investments or transactions, GATX has
entered into various commercial commitments, such as guarantees
and standby letters of credit, which could potentially require
performance in the event of demands by third parties. Similar to
GATX’s balance sheet investments, these guarantees expose
GATX to credit, market and equipment risk; accordingly, GATX
evaluates its commitments and other contingent obligations using
techniques similar to those used to evaluate funded transactions.
The following table shows GATX’s commercial commitments as
of December 31 (in millions):
Total guarantees(a)
Asset residual value guarantees represent GATX’s commitment
to third parties that an asset or group of assets will be worth
a specified amount at the end of a lease term. GATX earns an
initial fee for providing these asset value guarantees, which is
amortized into income over the guarantee period. Upon
disposition of the assets, GATX receives a share of any proceeds
in excess of the amount guaranteed and such residual sharing
gains are recorded in asset remarketing income. If at the end of
the lease term, the net realizable value of the asset is less
than the guaranteed amount, any liability resulting from
GATX’s performance pursuant to the residual value guarantee
will be reduced by the value realized from disposition of the
asset. Asset residual value guarantees include those related to
assets of affiliated companies.
Other in 2009 consisted of GATX’s potential reimbursement
obligation to Airbus S.A.S. (“Airbus”) for amounts
Airbus may have been required to pay to GATX Flightlease
Aircraft Ltd. (“GFAC”), a joint venture partially
owned by GATX, in connection with an aircraft purchase contract
entered into by GFAC and Airbus in 2001. The aircraft purchase
contract and other agreements relating thereto had been the
subject of various litigation proceedings, which were resolved
in the second quarter of 2010.
Basic earnings per share were computed by dividing net income
available to common shareholders by the weighted average number
of shares of common stock outstanding during each year. Shares
issued or reacquired during the year, if applicable, were
weighted for the portion of the year that they were outstanding.
Diluted earnings per share give effect to potentially dilutive
securities, including convertible preferred stock, employee
stock options/SARs, restricted stock and convertible debt.
The following table sets forth the computation of basic and
diluted net income per common share for the years ending
December 31 (in millions, except per share amounts):
Numerator:
Less: Dividends paid and accrued on preferred stock
Numerator for basic earnings per share — income
available to common shareholders
Effect of dilutive securities:
Add: Dividends paid and accrued on preferred stock
After-tax interest expense on convertible securities
Numerator for diluted earnings per share — income
available to common shareholders
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings per share — weighted
average shares
Equity compensation plans
Convertible preferred stock
Convertible securities
Denominator for diluted earnings per share — adjusted
weighted average and assumed conversion
Goodwill was $92.7 million and $97.5 million as of
December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. In the fourth
quarter of 2010, GATX performed a review for impairment of
goodwill, concluding that goodwill was not impaired. For 2010
and 2009, changes in the carrying amount of GATX’s
goodwill, all of which pertains to Rail, were the result of
changes in foreign currency exchange rates.
The following summarizes changes in the allowance for possible
losses at December 31 (in millions):
The allowance for possible losses is comprised of allowances for
trade receivables and specific allowances for finance leases. As
of December 31, 2010, allowances for trade receivables were
$2.2 million or 3.0% of rent and other receivables compared
to $2.5 million or 3.6% at December 31, 2009. Specific
allowances for finance leases were $9.4 million at
December 31, 2010, compared to $10.9 million at
December 31, 2009.
The following table summarizes the components of Other Assets
reported on the consolidated balance sheets as of December 31
(in millions):
Inventory
Office furniture, fixtures and other equipment, net of
accumulated depreciation
Derivatives
Deferred financing costs
Other investments
Prepaid items
The following table summarizes the components of Other
Liabilities reported on the consolidated balance sheets as of
December 31 (in millions):
Accrued operating lease expense
Pension and other post-retirement liabilities
Deferred gains on sale-leasebacks
Unrecognized tax benefits
Environmental reserves
Deferred income
On January 23, 2008, the Company’s Board of Directors
authorized a $200 million common stock repurchase program.
There were no stock repurchases in 2010. In 2009,
2.8 million shares were acquired for $55.1 million and
in 2008, 2.1 million shares were acquired for
$76.5 million. The repurchased shares were recorded as
treasury stock under the cost method.
In January 2010, GATX called the remaining outstanding balance
of its convertible notes for redemption. For further information
regarding the convertible notes, see Note 8.
In accordance with GATX’s certificate of incorporation,
120 million shares of common stock are authorized, at a par
value of $0.625 per share. As of December 31, 2010,
65.5 million shares were issued and 46.4 million
shares were outstanding.
A total of 3.6 million shares of common stock were reserved
as of December 31, 2010, for the following:
Conversion of outstanding preferred stock
Incentive compensation programs
Employee service awards
The reserve for incentive compensation programs consists of
shares authorized and available for future issuance under the
GATX Corporation 2004 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan. See
Note 11 for additional information.
GATX’s certificate of incorporation also authorizes five
million shares of preferred stock at a par value of $1.00 per
share. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, 16,694 and
17,046 shares of preferred stock were outstanding,
respectively. Shares of preferred stock issued and outstanding
consist of Series A and B $2.50 cumulative convertible
preferred stock, which entitle holders to a cumulative annual
cash dividend of $2.50 per share. Each share is convertible at
the option of the holder at any time into five shares of common
stock. Each share of such preferred stock may be called for
redemption by GATX at any time at $63.00 per share. In the event
of GATX’s liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the
holders of such preferred stock will be entitled to receive
$60.00 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends to the date
of payment. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, the aggregated
liquidation preference of both series of preferred stocks was
$1.0 million.
Holders of both preferred and common stock are entitled to one
vote for each share held. Except in certain instances, all such
classes of stock vote together as a single class.
The change in components for accumulated other comprehensive
income (loss) were as follows (in millions):
Balance at December 31, 2007
Change in component
Reclassification adjustments into earnings
Income tax effect
Balance at December 31, 2008
Balance at December 31, 2009
Balance at December 31, 2010
Revenues and identifiable assets are determined to be foreign or
domestic based upon location of the customer. The Company did
not derive revenues in excess of 10% of consolidated revenues
from any one foreign country for the years ended
December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008. At December 31,
2010, 10% of the Company’s identifiable assets were in each
of Canada and Germany. At December 31, 2009, 12% of the
Company’s identifiable assets were in Canada. At
December 31, 2008, 11% of the Company’s identifiable
assets were in Germany.
The table below presents certain GATX data for the years ending
or as of December 31 (in millions):
Revenues
United States
Identifiable Balance Sheet Assets
Legal — Various legal actions, claims,
assessments and other contingencies arising in the ordinary
course of business are pending against GATX and certain of its
subsidiaries. These matters are subject to many uncertainties,
and it is possible that some of these matters could ultimately
be decided, resolved or settled adversely.
Polskie
Koleje Panstwowe S.A. v. DEC sp. z o.o.
In December 2005, Polskie Koleje Panstwowe S.A.
(“PKP”) filed a complaint, Polskie Koleje Panstwowe
S.A. v. DEC sp. z o.o., in the Regional Court in
Warsaw, Poland against DEC sp. z o.o. (“DEC”), an
indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company currently named
GATX Rail Poland, sp. z o.o. The complaint alleges that, prior
to GATX’s acquisition of DEC in 2001, DEC breached a
Conditional Sales Agreement (the “Agreement”) to
purchase shares of Kolsped S.A. (“Kolsped”), an
indirect subsidiary of PKP. The allegedly breached condition
required DEC to obtain a release of Kolsped’s ultimate
parent company, PKP, from its guarantee of Kolsped’s
promissory note securing a $9.8 million bank loan. Pursuant
to an amendment to the Agreement, DEC satisfied this condition
by providing PKP with a blank promissory note (the “DEC
Note”) and a promissory note declaration which allowed PKP
to fill in the DEC Note up to $10 million in the event a
demand was made upon it as guarantor of Kolsped’s note to
the bank (the “Kolsped Note”). In May 1999, the then
current holder of the Kolsped Note, a bank (“Bank”),
sued PKP under its guarantee. PKP lost the DEC Note and
therefore did not use it to satisfy the guarantee, and the Bank
ultimately secured a judgment against PKP in 2002. PKP also
failed to notify DEC of the Bank’s lawsuit while the
lawsuit was pending.
After exhausting its appeals of the judgment entered against it,
PKP filed suit against DEC in December 2005, alleging that DEC
failed to fulfill its obligation to release PKP as a guarantor
of the Kolsped Note and is purportedly liable to PKP, as a third
party beneficiary of the Agreement. DEC has filed an answer to
the complaint denying the material allegations and raising
numerous defenses, including, among others, that: (i) the
Agreement did not create an actionable obligation, but rather
was a condition precedent to the purchase of shares in Kolsped;
(ii) DEC fulfilled that condition by issuing the DEC Note,
which was subsequently lost by PKP and redeemed by a Polish
court; (iii) PKP was not a third party beneficiary of the
Agreement; and (iv) the action is barred by the governing
limitations period. The first day of trial was held on
March 5, 2008, and the second and final day of trial was
held on December 7, 2009. On February 16, 2010, the
court issued a written opinion in favor of DEC and rejecting all
of PKP’s claims. An appeal by PKP is pending.
As of December 31, 2010, PKP’s claims for damages
totaled approximately PLN 139.1 million, or
$47.0 million, which consists of the principal amount,
interest and costs allegedly paid by it to the Bank and
statutory interest. Statutory interest would be assessed only if
the Court of Appeals, or the trial court on remand, ultimately
awards damages to PKP, in which case interest would be assessed
on the amount of the award from the date of filing of the claim
in December 2005, to the date of the award. The Company has
recorded an accrual of $15.5 million for this litigation
pending final resolution on appeal. While the ultimate
resolution of this matter for an amount in excess of this
accrual is possible, the Company believes that any such excess
would not be material to its financial position or liquidity.
However, such resolution could have a material adverse effect on
the results of operations in a particular quarter or fiscal year.
Viareggio
Derailment
On June 29, 2009, a train consisting of fourteen liquefied
petroleum gas (“LPG”) tank cars owned by GATX Rail
Austria GmbH (an indirect subsidiary of the Company, “GATX
Rail Austria”) and its subsidiaries derailed while passing
through the city of Viareggio, Italy. Five tank cars overturned
and one of the overturned cars was punctured, resulting in a
release of LPG, which subsequently ignited. Thirty-two people
died and others were injured in the fire, which also resulted in
property damage. The LPG tank cars were leased to FS Logistica
S.p.A., a subsidiary of the Italian state-owned railway,
Ferrovie dello Stato S.p.A (the “Italian Railway”).
The cause of the accident remains under investigation by various
Italian authorities, including the Public Prosecutors of Lucca
(“Public Prosecutors”), who have formally notified
GATX Rail Austria and two subsidiaries, as well as several
employees, that they are under criminal investigation. In
conjunction with these notifications, the Public Prosecutors
have disclosed to GATX Rail Austria various investigative
reports by the Police, the Italian Railway and consultants for
certain parties allegedly damaged by the accident. These reports
assert that the derailment was a result of a crack in an axle on
one of the tank cars, which broke and caused the derailment.
GATX Rail Austria and its subsidiaries continue to cooperate
with the authorities. GATX Rail Austria has received direct
notices of claims from approximately 200 persons and
companies who allegedly suffered damages as a result of the
accident. The
Public Prosecutors have been notified that a larger number of
individuals and companies (about 350) allege damages as a
result of the accident. The Company and its subsidiaries
maintain insurance for losses related to property damage and
personal injury, and the Company’s insurers are working
cooperatively with the insurer for the Italian Railway to adjust
and settle claims. The Company cannot predict either the outcome
of the ongoing investigations by the Italian authorities or what
other legal proceedings, if any, may be initiated against GATX
Rail Austria, its subsidiaries or personnel, and therefore the
Company cannot reasonably estimate the loss or range of loss
(including defense costs), if any, that may ultimately be
incurred in connection with this accident. The Company has not
established any accruals for potential liability related to this
accident.
Other
Litigation
GATX and its subsidiaries have been named as defendants in other
legal actions and claims, various governmental proceedings and
private civil suits arising in the ordinary course of business,
including those related to environmental matters, workers’
compensation claims by GATX employees and other personal injury
claims. Some of the legal proceedings include claims for
punitive as well as compensatory damages.
Several of the Company’s subsidiaries have also been named
as defendants or co-defendants in cases alleging injury caused
by exposure to asbestos. The plaintiffs seek an unspecified
amount of damages based on common law, statutory or premises
liability or, in the case of ASC, the Jones Act, which provides
limited remedies to certain maritime employees. As of
January 28, 2011, there were 858 asbestos-related cases
pending against the Company and its subsidiaries. Of the total
number of pending cases, 826 are Jones Act claims, most of which
were filed against ASC before the year 2000. During 2010, 16 new
cases were filed, and 396 cases were dismissed or settled for an
immaterial amount. In addition, demand has been made against the
Company for asbestos-related claims under limited indemnities
given in connection with the sale of certain former subsidiaries
of the Company. It is possible that the number of these cases or
claims for indemnity could begin to grow and that the cost of
these cases, including costs to defend, could correspondingly
increase in the future.
The amounts claimed in some of the above described proceedings
are substantial and, while the final outcome of these matters
cannot be predicted with certainty at this time, considering
among other things, meritorious legal defenses and applicable
insurance coverage, it is the opinion of management that none of
these matters, when ultimately resolved, will have a material
adverse effect on GATX’s consolidated financial position or
liquidity. It is possible, however, that the ultimate resolution
of one or more of these matters could have a material adverse
effect on the results of operations in a particular quarter or
fiscal year.
Accruals
and Reserves
Including the specific accrual amounts discussed above, the
Company has recorded accruals totaling $17.1 million at
December 31, 2010, for losses related to those litigation
matters the Company believes to be probable and for which the
amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. Although the
ultimate amount of liability that may result from these matters
cannot be predicted with absolute certainty, it is the opinion
of management that none of these matters, when ultimately
resolved, will have a material adverse effect on GATX’s
consolidated financial position or liquidity. It is possible,
however, that the ultimate resolution of one or more of these
matters could have a material adverse effect on the
Company’s results of operations in a particular quarter or
fiscal year.
Environmental
The Company’s operations are subject to extensive federal,
state and local environmental regulations. GATX’s operating
procedures include practices to protect the environment from the
risks inherent in railcar leasing, which frequently involve
transporting chemicals and other hazardous materials.
Additionally, some of GATX’s real estate holdings,
including previously owned properties, are and have been used
for industrial or transportation-related purposes or leased to
commercial or industrial companies whose activities might have
resulted in discharges on the property. As a result, GATX is
subject to environmental cleanup and enforcement actions. In
particular, the federal Comprehensive Environmental Response,
Compensation and Liability Act (“CERCLA”), also known
as the
Superfund law, as well as similar state laws, impose joint and
several liability for cleanup and enforcement costs on current
and former owners and operators of a site without regard to
fault or the legality of the original conduct. If there are
other potentially responsible parties (“PRPs”), GATX
generally contributes to the cleanup of these sites through
cost-sharing agreements with terms that vary from site to site.
Costs are typically allocated based on the relative volumetric
contribution of material, the period of time the site was owned
or operated,
and/or the
portion of the site owned or operated by each PRP. GATX has been
notified that it is a PRP, among many PRPs, for study and
cleanup costs at three Superfund sites for which investigation
and remediation payments have yet to be determined.
At the time a potential environmental issue is identified,
initial reserves for environmental liability are established
when such liability is probable and a reasonable estimate of
associated costs can be made. Costs are estimated based on the
type and level of investigation
and/or
remediation activities that the Company’s internal
environmental staff (and where appropriate, independent
consultants) have determined to be necessary to comply with
applicable laws and regulations. Activities include site surveys
and environmental studies of potentially contaminated sites as
well as costs for remediation and restoration of sites
determined to be contaminated. In addition, GATX has provided
indemnities for potential environmental liabilities to buyers of
divested companies. In these instances, reserves are based on
the scope and duration of the respective indemnities together
with the extent of known contamination. Estimates are
periodically reviewed and adjusted as required to reflect
additional information about facility or site characteristics or
changes in regulatory requirements. GATX conducts a quarterly
environmental contingency analysis, which considers a
combination of factors including independent consulting reports,
site visits, legal reviews, analysis of the likelihood of
participation in and the ability of other PRPs to pay for
cleanup, and historical trend analyses. GATX does not believe
that a liability exists for known environmental risks beyond
what has been provided for in its environmental reserves.
GATX is involved in administrative and judicial proceedings and
other voluntary and mandatory cleanup efforts at 18 sites,
including the Superfund sites, at which it is contributing to
the cost of performing the study or cleanup, or both, of alleged
environmental contamination. As of December 31, 2010, GATX
has recorded accruals of $19.3 million for remediation and
restoration of all known sites. These amounts are included in
other liabilities on GATX’s balance sheet. GATX’s
environmental liabilities are not discounted.
The Company did not materially change its methodology for
identifying and calculating environmental liabilities in the
three years presented. Currently, no known trends, demands,
commitments, events or uncertainties exist that are reasonably
likely to occur and materially affect the methodology or
assumptions described above.
Recorded liabilities include GATX’s best estimates of all
costs for remediation and restoration of affected sites, without
reduction for anticipated recoveries from third parties, and
include both asserted and unasserted claims. However,
GATX’s cleanup costs at these sites cannot be predicted
with certainty due to various factors such as the extent of
corrective actions that may be required; evolving environmental
laws and regulations; advances in environmental technology, the
extent of other parties’ participation in cleanup efforts;
developments in periodic environmental analyses related to sites
determined to be contaminated, and developments in environmental
surveys and studies of potentially contaminated sites. As a
result, future charges for environmental liabilities could have
a significant effect on results of operations in a particular
quarter or fiscal year as individual site studies and
remediation and restoration efforts proceed or as new sites
arise. However, management believes it is unlikely any
identified matters, either individually or in the aggregate,
will have a material adverse effect on GATX’s financial
position or liquidity.
The financial data presented below depicts the profitability,
financial position and capital expenditures of each of
GATX’s business segments.
GATX leases, operates and manages long-lived, widely used assets
in the rail, marine and industrial equipment markets. GATX also
invests in joint ventures that complement existing business
activities. Headquartered in Chicago, Illinois, GATX has three
financial reporting segments: Rail, Specialty and ASC.
Rail is principally engaged in leasing tank and freight railcars
and locomotives. Rail provides railcars primarily pursuant to
full-service leases, under which it maintains the railcars, pays
ad valorem taxes and insurance, and provides other ancillary
services. Rail also offers net leases for railcars and most of
its locomotives, in which case the lessee is responsible for
maintenance, insurance and taxes.
Specialty provides leasing, asset remarketing and asset
management services to the marine and industrial equipment
markets. Specialty offers operating leases, direct finance
leases and loans, and extends its market reach through joint
venture investments.
ASC owns and operates the largest fleet of U.S. flagged
self-unloading vessels on the Great Lakes, providing waterborne
transportation of dry bulk commodities for a range of industrial
customers.
Segment profit is an internal performance measure used by the
Chief Executive Officer to assess the performance of each
segment in a given period. Segment profit includes all revenues,
including earnings from affiliates, attributable to the segments
as well as ownership and operating costs that management
believes are directly associated with the maintenance or
operation of the revenue earning assets. Operating costs include
maintenance costs, marine operating costs, and other operating
costs such as litigation, asset impairment charges, provisions
for losses, environmental costs, and asset storage costs.
Segment profit excludes selling, general and administrative
expenses, income taxes and certain other amounts not allocated
to the segments. These amounts are included in Other.
The following tables present certain segment data for the years
ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 (in millions):
2010 Profitability
Lease income
Marine operating revenue
Asset remarketing income
Other income
Total revenues
Total gross income
Interest expense, net
Operating lease expense
Total ownership costs
Other costs and expenses
Segment profit
SG&A
Income before income taxes
Selected Balance Sheet Data
Identifiable assets
Capital Expenditures
2009 Profitability
Segment profit (loss)
2008 Profitability
Portfolio investments and capital additions (a)
2010
Per Share Data:(a)
2009
Management’s
Report Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and
Procedures
The Company’s management, with the participation of its
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have
conducted an evaluation of the Company’s disclosure
controls and procedures (as defined in
Rules 13a-15(e)
and
15d-15(e) of
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange
Act”)). Based on such evaluation, the Company’s Chief
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded
that, as of the end of the period covered by this annual report,
the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were
effective.
Management’s
Report Regarding the Effectiveness of Internal Control and
Procedures
The Company’s management is responsible for establishing
and maintaining adequate internal control over financial
reporting as defined in
Rules 13a-15(f)
and
15d-15(f) of
the Exchange Act for the Company. The Company’s internal
control over financial reporting is designed to provide
reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial
reporting and the preparation of financial statements for
external purposes in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles. The Company’s internal control over
financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that:
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over
financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. In
addition, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to
future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate as a result of changes in conditions, or that the
degree of compliance with the applicable policies and procedures
may deteriorate.
The Company’s management, with the participation of its
Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has
conducted an evaluation of the Company’s internal control
over financial reporting as of the end of the period covered by
this annual report based on the framework in Internal
Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of
Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Such
evaluation included reviewing the documentation of the
Company’s internal controls, evaluating the design
effectiveness of the internal controls and testing their
operating effectiveness.
Based on such evaluation, the Company’s management has
concluded that as of the end of the period covered by this
annual report, the Company’s internal control over
financial reporting was effective.
Ernst & Young LLP, the independent registered public
accounting firm that audited the financial statements included
in this annual report, has issued a report on the Company’s
internal control over financial reporting. That report follows.
We have audited GATX Corporation and subsidiaries’ internal
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010,
based on criteria established in Internal Control —
Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria).
GATX Corporation and subsidiaries’ management is
responsible for maintaining effective internal control over
financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness
of internal control over financial reporting included in the
accompanying Management’s Report Regarding the
Effectiveness of Internal Control and Procedures. Our
responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s
internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.
We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those
standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain
reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control
over financial reporting was maintained in all material
respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of
internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk
that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the
design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on
the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we
considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our
audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a
process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of
financial statements for external purposes in accordance with
generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s
internal control over financial reporting includes those
policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance
of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly
reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the
company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions
are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company
are being made only in accordance with authorizations of
management and directors of the company; and (3) provide
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of
unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the
company’s assets that could have a material effect on the
financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over
financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements.
Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future
periods are subject to the risk that controls may become
inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree
of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
In our opinion, GATX Corporation and subsidiaries maintained, in
all material respects, effective internal control over financial
reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on the COSO
criteria.
We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the
Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the
2010 consolidated financial statements and schedule of GATX
Corporation and subsidiaries and our report dated
February 23, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.
Changes
in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
No change in the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act
Rules 13a-15
(f) and
15d-15(f))
occurred during the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2010,
that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially
affect, the Company’s internal control over financial
reporting.
Information required by this item regarding directors, the
Company’s Code of Ethics, the Audit Committee Financial
Expert, compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act
and corporate governance is contained in sections entitled
“Nominees For Election to the Board of Directors”,
“Additional Information Concerning Nominees”,
“Board of Directors”, “Board Independence”,
“Committees of the Board”, “Process for
Identifying and Evaluating Director Nominees”,
“Communication with the Board”, “Compensation
Committee Report”, “Audit Committee Report” and
“Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting
Compliance” in the GATX Proxy Statement to be filed on or
about March 11, 2011, which sections are incorporated
herein by reference.
Information regarding executive officers is included after
Item 4 in Part I of this Annual Report on
Form 10-K.
Information required by this item regarding compensation of
directors and executive officers of GATX is contained in
sections entitled “Director Compensation”,
“Compensation Discussion and Analysis”,
“Executive Compensation Tables” and “Compensation
Committee Report” in the GATX Proxy Statement to be filed
on or about March 11, 2011, which sections are incorporated
herein by reference.
Information required by this item regarding security ownership
of certain beneficial owners and management is contained in
sections entitled “Security Ownership of Management”
and “Beneficial Ownership of Common Stock” in the GATX
Proxy Statement to be filed on or about March 11, 2011,
which sections are incorporated herein by reference.
Equity
Compensation Plan Information (as of December 31,
2010):
Equity Compensation Plans Approved by Shareholders
Equity Compensation Plans Not Approved by Shareholders
See Note 11 to the consolidated financial statements for
further details regarding the Company’s share-based
compensation plans.
Information required by this item regarding transactions with
related persons and director independence is contained in the
sections entitled “Related Person Transactions” and
“Board Independence” in the GATX Proxy Statement to be
filed on or about March 11, 2011, which sections are
incorporated herein by reference.
Information required by this item regarding fees paid to
Ernst & Young is contained in sections entitled
“Audit Fees”, “Audit Related Fees”,
“Tax Fees”, “All Other Fees” and
“Pre-Approval Policy” in the GATX Proxy Statement to
be filed on or about March 11, 2011, which sections are
incorporated herein by reference.
(a) 1. Financial Statements
Documents Filed as Part of this Report:
2. Financial Statement Schedules:
Schedule I Condensed Financial Information of Registrant
All other schedules for which provision is made in the
applicable accounting regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission are not required under the related instructions or
are inapplicable, and, therefore, have been omitted.
3. Exhibits. See the Exhibit Index included herewith
and incorporated by reference hereto.
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused
this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned,
thereunto duly authorized.
GATX CORPORATION
(Registrant)
/s/ Brian
A. Kenney
Brian A. Kenney
Chairman, President and
Chief Executive Officer
February 23, 2011
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934, this report has been signed by the following persons on
behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the date
indicated.
/s/ Robert
C. Lyons
/s/ William
M. Muckian
Director
/s/ Deborah
A.
Golden
Schedule
GATX
CORPORATION
(Parent Company)
BALANCE SHEETS
Cash and cash equivalents
Operating assets and facilities, net
Investment in subsidiaries
Other assets
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
Debt
The accompanying note is an integral part of these financial
statements.
SCHEDULE I —
CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
(CONT’D)
GATX
CORPORATION
(Parent Company)
STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Loss) Income before Income Taxes and Equity in Net Income of
Subsidiaries
(Loss) Income before Equity in Net Income of Subsidiaries
Income of Subsidiaries
GATX
CORPORATION
(Parent Company)
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
Capital additions
Portfolio proceeds and other
Capital contributions to subsidiaries, net
Proceeds from issuances of debt (original maturities longer than
90 days)
Net cash provided by financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents during the
period
Cash and Cash Equivalents at beginning of period
Cash and Cash Equivalents at end of period
Total Cash Distributions from Subsidiaries
GATX
CORPORATION
(Parent Company)
STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
Foreign currency translation gain (loss)
Unrealized (loss) gain on securities
Note to
Condensed Financial Statements
Basis of
Presentation
The condensed financial statements represent the Balance Sheets
and Statements of Income, Cash Flows and Comprehensive Income of
GATX Corporation (“GATX” or the “Company”),
the parent company. In these parent company financial
statements, GATX’s investment in subsidiaries is stated at
cost plus equity in undistributed earnings of its subsidiaries
since the date of acquisition. The Company’s share of net
income of its unconsolidated subsidiaries is included in income
using the equity method. The parent company financial statements
should be read in conjunction with the Company’s
consolidated financial statements.
Filed with this Report:
Incorporated by Reference:
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Exhibit
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Number
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Exhibit Description
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Page
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2
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.8
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Seventh Supplemental Agreement dated as of May 29, 2007 between
GATX Financial Corporation and Macquarie Aircraft Leasing
Limited, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to GATX’s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended
June 30, 2007, file number 1-2328.
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3
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.1
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Restated Certificate of Incorporation of GATX Corporation is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to GATX’s
Form 8-K dated December 12, 2008, file number 1-2328.
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3
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.2
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Amended and Restated By-Laws of GATX Corporation are
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of GATX’s
Form 8-K dated February 11, 2011, file number 1-2328.
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4
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.1
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Indenture dated July 31, 1989 between GATX Capital Corporation
and The Chase Manhattan Bank is incorporated herein by reference
to Exhibit 4(a) to GATX Capital Corporation’s Form S-3,
file number 33-30300.
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4
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.2
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Supplemental Indenture dated as of December 18, 1991 between
GATX Capital Corporation and The Chase Manhattan Bank is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4(b) to GATX Capital
Corporation’s Form S-3, file number 33-64474.
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4
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.3
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Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of January 2, 1996
between GATX Capital Corporation and The Chase Manhattan Bank is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to GATX Capital
Corporation’s Form 8-K dated October 15, 1997, file number
1-8319.
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4
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.4
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Third Supplemental Indenture dated as of October 14, 1997
between GATX Capital Corporation and The Chase Manhattan Bank is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to GATX Capital
Corporation’s Form 8-K dated October 15, 1997, file number
1-8319.
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4
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.5
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Indenture dated as of October 1, 1987 between General American
Transportation Corporation and The Chase Manhattan Bank
(National Association) is incorporated herein by reference to
General American Transportation Corporation’s Form S-3,
file number 33-17692.
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.6
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First Supplemental Indenture dated as of May 15, 1988 between
General American Transportation Corporation and The Chase
Manhattan Bank is incorporated herein by reference to General
American Transportation Corporation’s Form 10-Q for the
quarterly period ended June 30, 1988, file number 2-54754.
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.7
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Second Supplemental Indenture dated as of March 15, 1990 between
General American Transportation Corporation and The Chase
Manhattan Bank is incorporated herein by reference to General
American Transportation Corporation’s Form 8-K dated March
15, 1990, file number 2-54754.
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4
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.8
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Third Supplemental Indenture dated as of June 15, 1990 between
General American Transportation Corporation and The Chase
Manhattan Bank is incorporated herein by reference to General
American Transportation Corporation’s Form 8-K dated June
29, 1990, file number 2-54754.
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.9
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Fourth Supplemental Indenture dated as of June 15, 1996 between
General American Transportation Corporation and the Chase
Manhattan Bank is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit
4.1 to General American Transportation’s Form 8-K dated
January 26, 1996, file number 2-54754.
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4
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.10
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Indenture dated as of November 1, 2003 between GATX Financial
Corporation and JP Morgan Chase Bank is incorporated herein by
reference to Exhibit 4Q to GATX Financial Corporation’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2003, file number 1-8319.
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4
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.11
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Indenture dated as of August 15, 2003 between GATX Corporation,
GATX Financial Corporation and JP Morgan Chase Bank, is
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Form S-3
dated November 13, 2003, file number 33-110451.
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108
i. Fourth Amendment of said Plan effective June 9, 2000,
and Fifth Amendment of said Plan effective January 26, 2001, are
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10B to GATX’s
Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December
31, 2000, file number 1-2328.*
ii. Sixth Amendment of said Plan effective as of July 27,
2001 is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10B to
GATX’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter
ended September 30, 2001, file number 1-2328.*
iii. Amendment of said Plan effective as of December 7,
2007, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to
GATX’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2007, file number 1-2328.*
i. Amendment of said Plan, effective as of December 7,
2007, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to
GATX’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2007, file number 1-2328.*
i. Amendment of said Plan, effective as of December 7,
2007, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.30 to
GATX’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended
December 31, 2007, file number 1-2328.*